2002地大(北京)考博英语真题.doc

2002PRAT 1.lmagine that you are on a train to Shanghai.In the seats in front of you there are two foreigners, and you can hear their conversation. One of them is telling the other about his job.He says what he does,not what he is or what field (profession or occupation)he is in.On your paper you see a list of the names of people in 60 different occupations or professions.As you listen,decide what the speaker is.Then find the correct word on the list and write the nunber beside it in the proper blank on your answer sheet.For instance,suppose you hear this:(Speaker P)“Well,I dont enjoy lecturing very much,especially to younger students,but I do love my research.Id be so happy if I could spend every day in the lab with my graduate students and postdocs.However,thats just not the way university departments operate.”You decide that the speaker must be a professor,so you find “a professor”on your list.You see that the number beside it is 61;you then write the number 61; in the blank beside p on your answer sheet.By the way,in reality there is no P and no 61,and“a professor”is not one of the choices on your list. This is just a theoretical example.You will now have three minutes to read the list.SILENCEAll right,now lets begin!15 points1 an accountant 会计 31 a librarian 2 an actor 32 a mathematician 数学家 3 an airline pilot民航驾驶员 33 a mechanic机修工（技工）4 an architect建筑师 34 a mechanical engineer机械工程师5 an astronomer 天文学家 35 a military officer6 a biologist 36 a novelist小说作家7 a chef 烹调师 37 a nurse8 a civil engineer土木工程师（建筑）38 a paleontologist古生物作家9 a concert pianist高级钢琴演奏师 39 a press photographer新闻摄影师10 a construction worker 40 a plumber管道维修工（水暖工）11 a corporate executive企业执行总裁 41 a poet诗人12 a dentist牙医 42 a police detective侦探（刑警）13 a dietician营养师 43 a police patrolman普通警察（巡警）14 a diplomat外交官 44 a pop singer流行歌手15 an electrician电工 45 a postman邮递员16 a fashion designer时装设计师 46 a private businessman私营企业家（个体商人）17 a film critic电影评论家 47 a private detective私人侦探18 a film director 电影导演 48 a psychiatrist心理医生19 a flight attendant飞机乘务员 49 a psychologist心理学家20 a florist花店老板 50 a publisher出版商21 a geologist 51 a radio announcer电台播音员22 a geopgysicist 52 a schoolteacher(primary)23 a graphic designer图形设计员 53 a schoolteacher(secondary)24 a hairdresser发型设计师 54 a software engineer25 a hardware engineer硬件工程师 55 a store clerk/shop assistant26 a hotel manager 56 a surgeon 外科医生27 a journalist 57 a tax official税务员28 a judge法官 58 a travel agent 旅行社职员29 a lab technician 59 a university student30 a lawyer 60 a vet 宠物医生（兽医）PART2.In each of the ten sentences below there is an underlined words(or words).Decide which of the words in the list at the bottom of the page can be used to replace the underlined words without changing the meaning of the sentence.The underlined words and the words that you choose must be synonyms. In each case,write the number found next to the synonym in the appropriate blank on your answer sheet.A. How do you account for the recent drop in the price of oil?B. Professor Hillman is the acting director of the institute.A. We need to find a solution quickly or the situation will get worse.B. They would like to make some adjustments in the experimental procedure.C. Speakers usually refer to the work of other geologists in their presentations.D. I think you should ask an expertv for advice.E. This work has to be finished by Friday.F. We will resume our discussion after a 45-minute break for lunch.G. Where are they going to get the money for their research?H. I dont claim to be an expert in this field,but I do know something about it.The five sentences below also contain underlined words.Find the words in the list at the bottom of the page that mean the OPPOSITE of these underlined words.Again,write the number found next to each item you choose in the appropriate space on your answer sheet.I. They advised us to pay attention to the data from the lndian laboratories.L. He was educated at a well-known university in southeastern Australia.M. Can we replace kerosene with diesel fuel to run the generator?N. I expect the committee to adopt his proposal at the meeting this afternoon.O. The research he is working on now is fascinating.POSSIBLE SYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS(=OPPOSITES)1.accept 21.modify 41.reflect on 2.after 22.modulate42. refreshing 3.authority 23.monitor 43.responsible for4.before 24.more abundant 44.run out of 5.calculate 25.neglect 45.e up with 26.no later than 46.seek7.consult 27.obscure 47.snacks8.counsel 28.of little interest 48.study9.eminent 29.optional 49.subsitute10.enlightening 30.other choice 50.substituteby11.explain 31.overturn 51.substitutefor12.foundation 32.ponder 52.summarize13.fund 33.preserve 53.temporary14.funds 34.prior to 54.think about15.go on with 35.profound 55.turn down16.ignorant 36.profundity 56.unprecedented17.ignore 37.prominent 57.utilize18.many 38.questionable 58.versatile19.meal 39.reckon 59.very attractive20.mention 40.reduce 60.very interestingPART 3.Each question in this part consists of one or more sentences in which four words or phrases are underlined. The four underlined parts are marked A,B,C or D. Decde which one of the four parts is not good English. Then write the letter found under that part in the proper space on your answer sheet.If the four underlined parts are all good English and there is no error in the sentence, then write E in the space on your answer sheet. REMEMBER! You always have FIVE possible choices: A,B,C, D or E (=no error).1. Ive fallen behind in my studies because Ive been so sick lately. I hope you would help me to A B C Dcatch up.202. Li Ping has some very powerful family connections in the official world. For example, one of A Bher uncles is the minister of the Ministry of Finance and she Chas a cousin in the prime ministers office. D3. Its not always wise to give a honest answer to delicate questions. There are people A B Cin this world whom its not a good idea to offend. D4. A Chinese famous scentist is scheduled to give a lecture this afternoon on our campus. A B CWould you be interested in attending? D5. Their experiment was almost ruined by the power surge in their lab during the violent A Bthunderstorm just after midnight. Fortunately no damage was done, so the experiment can Ccontinue as scheduled. D6. John was reluctant at first to take this course, but you can see that he begins to enjoy it .The A Binstructor is a first-rate lecturer and even the students,who ask good questions, Care rather stimulating to have as classmates. D7. According to many observers, avoiding open disagreement is a character not only of Chinese A Bpeople, but also of other East Asians. In fact the tendency may be even more marked Camong the Japanese. D8. Zhang Weidong has had a number of articles published on The China Daily, the main A BEnglish-language newspaper in northern China. As a result, his name Cis familiar to many Chinese university students, who read the paper to practice their English. D9. When we returned from Europe, we had to bargain with the headmaster of the school to A Bpersuade him to accept our son in late October, when the students had started the semester for C Dnearly two months.10. He achieved great progresses during his 1.5 years of research in California. After his return to China, A Bhe threw himself into his work with fresh enthusiasm and quickly produced a series of Cexcellent papers, two of which were published in major science journals. D11. When I told John about all the problems I was having with Leonard, my new boss, he asked A Bme several questions about Leonards personality and attitudes and then Csuggested me to quit my job and find another. D12. Recently we have noticed great changes in Johns relations with his classmates, A Bwhich shall be traced back to the two weeks he Cspent doing fieldwork with them in Yunnan over the holiday. D13. When one of Toms closest friends decided to transfer to another university, he A Bhad felt unhappy about it for quite a while. Now he seems happy again. C D14. It says in this brochure that the program in environmental studies at the China University of A B CGeosciences is unique in many aspects. D15. I hope that Professor Wiesner comes to China to do fieldwork in Tibet this summer. Otherwise A BI may not be available to accompany him, and I think that would be a pity for both of us. C D16. I wonder if fifty dollars is still enough for the taxi ride all the way from the airport to A B Cdowntown Manhattan. Perhaps you should take some extra cash just in case. D17. One of the most helpful things about doing research in North America or Europe A Bfor two or three years is how quickly a young East Asian scientist can increase his knowledges C Din his speciality.18. The patient, who looks so strange, is the one undergoing chemotherapy for lung cancer. A BThat is why he has lost all his hair and his skin has turned grey. C D19. As you know, all rocks fall into one of three categories: igneous, metamorphic or sedimentary. A BIn Iceland, which is a relatively new terrain, igneous rock predominated over Cvirtually the entire island. D20. Even John still cant drive, he has already bought a car. He must be very confident that A Bhe will pass his driving test next week. Needless to say, if he doesnt, he wont be given a C Ddrivers license.PART 4. The sentences below contain one or more blanks. In each blank you must write ONE appropriate word. There may be several appropriate choices, but you must write only one. Your choice must be logical, grammatically correct and properly spelled. In other words, it must be acceptable real English. Any answer in good English is correct.Put one and only one word in each blank. If you put more than one word in a blank, your answer is automatically wrong. Putting nothing in a blank also counts as an error. 50 points1. The plane was the airport for two hours. It landed at 3 oclock and off again at 5.2. By stopping very suddenly, the taxi driver managed to an accident. If he had hesitated, he would have the car in front of him.3. Look, the streets are wet. It have rained during the night.4. Shes been doing exactly the same job for eight years. No wonder she feels !She a change.5. Have you ever this kind of car before? I to own one of these, but I got of it because it consumed much fuel. It was really quite to operate.6. The wedding will be held two days. then, everyone will be very busy ready for it .7. I like the song that youre whistling. Do you know any tunes? When I was young, I knew of popular songs, but I dont seem to have much time for music days.8. The earthquake, which at 17:32 on 3 November 1905, 342 people and injured over 12,000. It also enormous damage to property. The local economy took almost a decade to .9. He spoke if he were in a great hurry, but in fact he . I out later that that is how he always talks.10. bike is that, Johns or mine? I cant the difference between them. Theyre both ten- -old black “Flying Pigeon” bicycles.11. Please lower your voice! What are you for?None of us has any hearing, you know.12. of the two big state-owned enterprises in our town was earning any money, so the decided to them into a single company. Quite a few workers lost their as a result of the reorganization.13. Soil is of a mixture of organic and inorganic matter. The is derived from rock.14. Could you help me to this mineral? This is the first time Ive ever seen anything like it.15. The 2008 Olympic are scheduled to be held in Beijing. I was very excited the night when the was made to hold them here.16. The Earths crust has an thickness of 35-40 kilometers.17. I that I wasnt able to attend the conference in Bangkok. Everyone tells me I some very interesting discussions.18. That lab has a for doing high-quality analytical work, so I was when I saw how carelessly they handled the rock samples I sent them.19. The students about the food in the campus dining halls. Many dislike it so much that they cook for ,even though it is the rules to do so in most of the dormitories.20. The police us of the danger of driving on the icy road, but we had no It was imperative that we get to the lab to begin the next stage of the experiment on schedule.PART 5. Read the article below carefully and completely. (Notice that the paragraphs are numbered from 1 to 10). Then answer the questions that follow. In each case write the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet. Each answer is worth three points.You are not allowed to use a dictionary. However, we have provided a short list of difficult words with their definitions to help you read the text. Read this vocabulary list before you begin the article.VOCABULARY FOR THE ARTICLEabsenteeism(n.): frequently being absent, especially from work or schoolanecdotal evidence: informal reports from observersarsenic (n.): a chemical element with the symbol Asa blob: a large mass with an irregular shapecadmium (n.): a chemical element with the symbol Cda contaminant: a substance that makes something impure or unhealthydegradation (n.): a fall in quality, or the act of reducing the quality of somethingto dub X: to name Xfor weeks at a time=for several weeks without a breaka freak: something very unusual that also seems unnaturalto graze cattle: to put cows in an area where they can eat the grass growing on the soila hassle: an annoying problemIt stands to reason that=We can reasonably think/conclude thatlead (n.): a chemical element with the symbol Pba mall: an organized series of stores and shops on both sides of a walkway a mask: a piece of cloth that fits over your face and covers it a nuisance: something annoying or troublesomea peninsula: a piece of land that is almost an island, e.g. the Liaodong Peninsulaperil (n.): dangera plume: something in the air that has the shape of a featherto resign yourself to X: to accept X unhappily and unwillinglya run on X: a sudden effort by many people to buy or get Xa score: a group of 20to shrink-wrap X (in plastic): to put X in a loose plastic bag and then remove all the air, causing the to fit tightly over the object (X)to sprawl: to extend widely in many directions to stock up on X: to obtain a good supply of Xtemperate (adj): mild, moderate; not too hot (tropical) or too cold (arctic)torrential (adj): moving or falling in a big streamto wax X: to polish X1SEOUL,South Korea, April 12Last Monday school was called off throughout much of this sprawling capital city because of inclement weather. It was not a freak spring snowstorm, a heat wave or torrential rains. Rather, it was an immense cloud of dust that blew in from Chinas fast-spreading deserts, about 1,200 kilometers away. It hid Seoul from view throughout the morning, obscuring the sunrise for the citys 11 million inhabitants just as surely as the heaviest of fogs. Clinics overflowed with patients complaining of breathing problem, drugstores experienced a run on cough medicines and face masks that supposedly filter the air, and parks and outdoor malls were nearly empty of