the mark on the wall 解析.docx

The Mark on the WallVirginia Woolf (1882-1941)此篇文章为Woolf意识流的代表作，Woolf的文字也并不简单直白，因而要读懂她的文章一定要紧跟Woolf的发散思维，抓住其中的内在逻辑。此篇文章的主旨可以理解为追求男女平等，作者追问了生命的神秘。并且文章巧妙的运用Mark on the wall来作为文章的线索，其本身也具有深刻的象征意义。如下，笔者尝试理清Woolf的行文逻辑：首先，mark是钉子吗？是用来挂画像吗？但是不像钉子-事情一旦发生就没人知道发生原因-生命神秘而偶然。来世，人们依然说不清什么是男人和女人，或者是不是存在这样的东西。作者希望能自由的思考，找思路，批判真诚地相信自己不爱听别人赞扬的谦虚而灰色的人们头脑，未来小说家把现实把现实排除在作品之外。也许很多人都这样想，这是一种概括，可是概括是没有意义的。概括让人想起一整套事物，人们在儿童时期就认为这些事物是正统，是标准的、真正的事物，人人都必须遵循，否则就得冒打入十八层地狱的危险。而不相信它们的人所得到的处罚只不过是一种非法的自由感。作者奇怪现在到底是什么代替了它们，代替了那些真正的、标准的东西?也许是男人，如果你是个女人的话；男性的观点支配着我们的生活，是它制定了标准，订出惠特克（尊贵等级的列表）。其次，mark摸起来像小小的古冢，其中有白骨。古物收藏家把白骨挖出来。古物收藏家的努力其实什么都没有证明，什么也没有发现，他的最后一个清醒的念头不是想到妻子和儿女，而是想到营地和箭镞。同理，假如我即刻站起来，证明这个钉子是什么，我也得到不了什么。所以，什么是知识?我们的学者不过是那些蹲在洞穴和森林里熬药草、盘问地老鼠或记载星辰的语言的巫婆和隐士们的后代。作者渴望一个世界，这个世界里没有教授，没有专家，没有警察面孔的管家，在这里人们可以像鱼儿用鳍翅划开水面一般，用自己的思想划开世界，轻轻地掠过荷花的梗条，在装满白色海鸟卵的鸟窠上空盘旋在世界的中心扎下根，透过灰黯的海水和水里瞬间的闪光以及倒影向上看去，这里是多么宁静啊假如没有惠特克年鉴假如没有尊卑序列表!可是，上一条思路不对。因为谁又能对惠特克的尊卑序列表妄加非议呢?排在坎特伯里大主教后面的是大法官，而大法官后面又是约克大主教。每一个人都必须排在某人的后面，这是惠特克的哲学。最要紧的是知道谁该排在谁的后面。惠特克是知道的。大自然忠告你说，不要为此感到恼怒，而要从中得到安慰；假如你无法得到安慰，假如你一定要破坏这一小时的平静，那就去想想墙上的斑点吧。大自然暗中怂恿我们采取行动以便结束那些容易令人兴奋或痛苦的思想。我们也不妨注视墙上的斑点，来打断那些不愉快的思想。最后，看mark像在大海中抓住了木板。产生了把大主教和大法官逐入虚无幻境的现实感，mark证明除了我们自身以外还存在着其他的事物。它产生于一棵树，树木会生长。我还喜欢去想这棵树怎样在冬天的夜晚独自屹立在空旷的田野上，树叶紧紧地合拢起来，对着月亮射出的铁弹，什么弱点也不暴露，像一根空荡荡的桅杆竖立在整夜不停地滚动着的大地上。这棵树还有一百万条坚毅而清醒的生命分散在世界上。单词1. cavalcade ,kv()lked; kv()lked n. 行列，队伍；骑兵队 Cavalcade: 气壮山河 | 乱世春秋 | 骑兵队 2. carnations n. 园艺 康乃馨（Carnation的复数形式） Carnations: 康乃馨 | 石竹 | 荷兰石竹 3. canister knst n. 筒；（放咖啡，茶叶，烟等的）小罐；防毒面具的滤毒罐 4. turnips n. 园艺 芜菁（turnip的复数）；红萝卜；大头菜 turnips: 红萝卜 | 芜菁 | 萝卜 5. bagatelle ,bgtel n. 琐事，小事；弹子球戏的一种；轻快小曲 n. (Bagatelle)人名；(法)巴加泰勒 Bagatelle: 音乐小品 | 小品 | 轻快小曲 6. iron hoop 铁箍 iron hoop: 铁箍 | 铁环 | 铁环 7. scuttle skt()l vi. 逃避；急促地跑 vt. 使船沉没；破坏 n. 天窗；煤桶；筐 scuttle: 舷窗 | 小舱口 | 天窗 8. opals n. 蛋白石；纺 轧光细棉布；猫眼石；澳宝石（opal的复数形式） opals: 轧光细棉布 | 蛋白石 | 澳宝石 9. quiescent kwes()nt; kwa- adj. 静止的；不活动的；沉寂的 quiescent: 静止的 | 安静的 | 寂静的 10. awning n n. 雨篷；建 遮阳篷；甲板等上的天篷 awning: 遮蓬 | 遮阳篷 | 遮篷 11. tumulus tjumjls n. 坟墓；古墓；冢 tumulus: 古墓 | 钟状火山 | 小的熔岩丘 12. antiquary ntkwr n. 古文物研究者；古董商人；收集古文物者 antiquary: 古文物研究者 | 古董商 | 古董商人 13. clod kld n. 土块；笨蛋；牛颈肉 vt. 对掷土块 clod: 土块 | 土粒 | 泥块 14. indite ndat vt. 创作；写成文章 indite: 创作 | 赋诗 | 写创作 15. Quarterly Meeting (基督教教友会的)季会例句 I thought of the cavalcade of red knights riding up the side of the black rock. the miniature of a lady with white powdered curls, powder-dusted cheeks, and lips like red carnations. A fraud of course 当然是赝品, for the people who had this house before us would have chosen pictures in that wayan old picture for an old room. Then there were the bird cages, the iron hoops, the steel skates, the Queen Anne coal-scuttle , the bagatelle board , the hand organ all gone, and jewels, too. Opals and emeralds, they lie about the roots of turnips . Thus, waking from a midnight dream of horror, one hastily turns on the light and lies quiescent, worshipping the chest of drawers, worshipping solidity, worshipping reality, worshipping the impersonal world which is a proof of some existence other than ours. sun themselves upon the thin green awning of the leaves If I ran my finger down that strip of the wall it would, at a certain point, mount and descend a small tumulus, a smooth tumulus like those barrows on the South Downs which are, they say, either tombs or camps. What sort of a man is an antiquary, I wonder? Retired Colonels for the most part, I dare say, leading parties of aged labourers to the top here, examining clods of earth and stone, and getting into correspondence with the neighbouring clergy It is true that he indites a pamphlet which he is about to read at the quarterly meeting of the local society美文 so he said, and he was in process of saying that in his opinion art should have ideas behind it when we were torn asunder, as one is torn from the old lady about to pour out tea and the young man about to hit the tennis ball in the back garden of the suburban villa as one rushes past in the train . 这种情形就像坐火车一样，我们在火车上看见铁道旁的一个郊区别墅里，有个老太太正准备倒茶，有个年轻人正举起球拍打网球，火车一晃而过，老太太和年轻人被抛在后面，我们与他们就分开了。 because once a things done, no one ever knows how it happened. Oh! dear me, the mystery of life; The inaccuracy of thought! The ignorance of humanity! To show how very little control of our possessions we havewhat an accidental affair this living is after all our civilization. Why, if one wants to compare life to anything, one must liken it to being blown through the Tube at fifty miles an hourlanding at the other end without a single hairpin in ones hair ! Shot out at the feet of God entirely naked! Tumbling head over heels in the asphodel meadows like brown paper parcels pitched down a shoot in the post office! With ones hair flying back like the tail of a race-horse. Yes, that seems to express the rapidity of life, the perpetual waste and repair; all so casual, all so haphazard偶然的，随便的，无计划的. . .（ 要是拿什么来和生活相比的话，就只能比做一个人以一小时五十英里的速度被射出地下铁道，从地道口出来的时候头发上一根发针也不剩。光着身子被射到上帝脚下!头朝下脚朝天地摔倒在开满水仙花的草原上，就像一捆捆棕色纸袋被扔进邮局的输物管道一样!头发飞扬，就像一匹赛马会上跑马的尾巴。对了，这些比拟可以表达生活的飞快速度，表达那永不休止的消耗和修理；一切都那么偶然，那么碰巧。） But after life来世 . The slow pulling down of thick green stalks so that the cup of the flower, as it turns over, deluges one with purple and red light. Why, after all, should one not be born there as one is born here, helpless, speechless, unable to focus ones eyesight, groping at the roots of the grass, at the toes of the Giants ? As for saying which are trees, and which are men and women, or whether there are such things, that one wont be in a condition to do for fifty years or so. There will be nothing but spaces of light and dark, intersected by thick stalks, and rather higher up perhaps, rose-shaped blots of an indistinct colordim pinks and blueswhich will, as time goes on, become more definite, becomeI dont know what. . .( 那么来世呢?粗大的绿色茎条慢慢地被拉得弯曲下来，杯盏形的花倾覆了，它那紫色和红色的光芒笼罩着人们。到底为什么人要投生在这里，而不投生到那里，不会行动、不会说话、无法集中目光，在青草脚下，在巨人的脚趾间摸索呢?至于什么是树，什么是男人和女人，或者是不是存在这样的东西，人们再过五十年也是无法说清楚的。别的什么都不会有，只有充塞着光亮和黑暗的空间，中间隔着一条条粗大的茎干，也许在更高处还有一些色彩不很清晰的淡淡的粉红色或蓝色的玫瑰花形状的斑块，随着时光的流逝，它会越来越清楚、越我也不知道怎样) And so it goes on. All the time Im dressing up the figure of myself in my own mind, lovingly, stealthily, not openly adoring it, for if I did that, I should catch myself out, and stretch my hand at once for a book in self-protection. Indeed, it is curious how instinctively one protects the image of oneself from idolatry or any other handling that could make it ridiculous, or too unlike the original to be believed in any longer. Or is it not so very curious after all? It is a matter of great importance. Suppose the looking glass smashes, the image disappears, and the romantic figure with the green of forest depths all about it is there no longer, but only that shell of a person which is seen by other peoplewhat an airless, shallow, bald, prominent world it becomes! A world not to be lived in.（同时，我一直在头脑里把自己的形象打扮起来，是爱抚地，偷偷地，而不是公开地崇拜自己的形象。因为，我如果当真公开地这么干了，就会马上被自己抓住，我就会马上伸出手去拿过一本书来掩盖自己。说来也真奇怪，人们总是本能地保护自己的形象，不让偶像崇拜或是什么别的处理方式使它显得可笑，或者使它变得和原型太不相像以至于人们不相信它。但是，这个事实也可能并不那么奇怪?这个问题极其重要。假定镜子打碎了，形象消失了，那个浪漫的形象和周围一片绿色的茂密森林也不复存在，只有其他的人看见的那个人的外壳世界会变得多么闷人、多么浮浅、多么光秃、多么凸出啊!在这样的世界里是不能生活的。） Of the two I should prefer them to be tombs, desiring melancholy like most English people, and finding it natural at the end of a walk to think of the bones stretched b