海淀2011——2012高三第一学期期末英语考试试卷讲评

2011-2012学年度高三英语第一学期期末试题分析,海淀区高三年级英语学科命题组 2012.01.11,试卷命制指导思想,依据高中英语课程标准8级要求以及2011年考试说明确定的考试内容和要求，考查学生的英语基础知识和英语应用能力。 （试题命制时2012考试说明尚未出版）,对高三第一学期的复习即第一轮复习的效果给出客观的诊断和评价；激励学生满怀信心地投入下一阶段的高三学习；引导学生重视基于语言知识积累和语言知识系统化的综合语言运用能力养成；为下一阶段复习提供参考。,功能定位：诊断、激励、引导,调研,期中,期末,一模,二模,摸清起点,诊断与调研,预测与评估,终点冲刺,高考,激励与发展,命题功能划分,试卷命制,笔试 120分钟 150分题型和高考一致，难度略低于高考考查英语基础知识和综合语言运用能力,1. 试卷结构,2. 预期难度,平均分：90 3 得分率：0.60,一、听力理解 (9:8:3) 1051词，17分54秒,考查学生理解口头英语的能力: 1. 理解归纳话语的主旨要义； 2. 获取有助于完成听力任务的事实性信息； 3. 根据所获取的信息进行推断； 4. 理解说话者的意图、观点和态度； 5. 记录或加工所获取的信息。 与期中考试相比，听力材料增加了38个单词，语速加快，用时减少了1分36秒（期中考试19分30秒）。,考查点分布,Text 2： W：How do you want your eggs? M：What are my choices? W：Sunny side-up, over-easy, or over-hard. M：Over-easy, please. Hmm, no, I think I want sunny side-up.2. How does the man want his eggs? A. Over-easy. B. Sunny side-up. C. Over-hard.,Major DecisionsHow do you like your coffee? Black! Black!How do you like your tea? With lemon, please.How do you like your steak? Medium rare.How do you like your eggs? I dont care! Sunny-side up? I dont care!Poached on toast? I dont care! Scrambled with bacon? I dont care! Over-easy? I dont care! Soft-boiled? Hard-boiled? I dont care! How about an omelet? I dont care!Come on, tell me! This isnt fair.I told you the truth. I really dont care!,Boiled, fried, poached, scrambled or would you prefer omelets? 你喜欢吃煮的，煎的，荷包蛋，炒鸡蛋，还是摊鸡蛋？,Text 6 W: Hello, Happy Time Catering Services, Victoria speaking. How can I help you?(会议或社交活动的)饮食服务;酒席承办M: Hello, Victoria. This is Joe Smith from Country Holidays. I wonder if you could do some catering for us next week. Were having a small reception. W: Oh, yes, I can do that. Where will you be holding it?M: We will have it in the conference room at our head office.W: OK, what sort of things would you like?M: Just a light lunch I think. W: All right. I will send a schedule of the arrangements soon.,Text 7M: Oh, yeah, I just copied one article from that book, so Ive got to look at other sources.W: OK, actually, most of our materials are available electronically now. You can access them through the librarys computers, and if you want to search by title with the word dream for example, just type it in and all the articles with dream in the title will come up on the screen.M: Cool, thats great! 9. What is the womans suggestion?A. To buy reference books. B. To search for materials online. C. To read twenty reference books.,Text 9M: One of the greatest heartbreaks for fire fighters occurs when they fail to rescue a child from a burning building because the child, frightened by smoke and noise, hides under a bed or in a closet and is later found dead. Saddest of all is when children catch sight of the masked fire fighters they hide, because they think they have seen a monster. 13. Why do the children hide from masked fire fighters?A. They are frightened by the fire.B. They are frightened by the masks. C. They are frightened by smoke and noise.,Text 10M: Well, could you describe the man who robbed the bank on Thursday for this report that were filling out here?W: Well, I can only remember what I said before.M: Thats all right.W: The man was tall, six feet, and he had dark hair, and he had a beard.M: Do you remember how old he was by any chance?W: Well, I guess around 30, maybe younger.M: Mm. Do you remember anything about what he was wearing?W: Yes, yes, he had on a dark sweater, a solid color.M: OK. Um, anything else that strikes you at the moment?W: I remember he was wearing a light shirt under the sweater. Yes, yes.,二、知识运用,第一节 单项填空 (4:8:3) 在单句层面上考查基础语法等主干知识在语境中的运用。 能力板块划分.doc,考查重点,对语境的理解： 课标要求：注重培养交流策略，培养学生根据语言使用环境，得体地使用语言的能力。 试题的选项设计旨在考查考生在不同的语境下是否能得体地使用语言知识的能力。,例题讲解,21. How is your new job? Not so good at the moment. I _ it very much. A. wont enjoy B. am not enjoying C. didnt enjoy D. wasnt enjoying,* 一般现在进行时的其他标志性常用时间短语或提示词： at present, now, currently, look, listen 等,* 例外 ：Look！Here comes the bus.,* 一般现在进行时表将来：按计划将要发生的动作或状态， 只限少数动词。The train is arriving at Xi Dan.,27. Youve got your flat furnished, havent you? Yes. I _ some used furniture at the Sunday Market and it was a real bargain. A. will buy B. have bought C. had bought D. bought,例题讲解,29. Did you get to work on time? Sure. The city center wasnt as crowded this morning as it usually _. A. wasB. is C. has beenD. had been,该题使用asas结构 将过去的情况与现在的情况进行比较。,例题讲解,31. Napoleon is famously said _ , “When China wakes, it will shake the world.” A. to declareB. declaring C. to have declared D. having declared,* 不定式的时态,一般式 to do/ to be done进行式 to be doing 完成时 to have done / to have been done 完成进行时 to have been doing,例题讲解,34. She got stuck in a terrible traffic jam on the highway to Shanghai, or she _ dinner with her family now. A. will be having B. would be having C. is having D. was having,考 点：混合虚拟语气 * 还原句子： If she hadnt got stuck in a terrible traffic jam on the highway to Shanghai , she would be having dinner with her family now.,例题讲解,24. Why are those people gathering in the middle of the street? I dont know. There _ be an accident.A. mustB. would C. canD. might,考察点：情态动词(modal verbs) 表推测的用法区别,例题讲解,表“推测”情态动词的区别 can / may / could / might / should / must,一、 从所用句型来看Must: 通常只用于肯定句 can ：用于否定句和疑问句 cannot=不可能，may：用于肯定句和否定式 may not=可能不 could, might 和 should ：用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句 例句：She cant be in the office now. 她现在不可能在办公室。She may not be free tonight. 她今晚可能没空。He may might come tonight. 他今晚可能会来。Might he know this? 他会知道这事吗?,二. 从语气上看must ： 表示推测的语气最肯定。should：表示推测的语气比较肯定，它通常指非常可能的事， 并暗示其推测有一定的事实依据或者合乎常理； may / could / might: 表示推测的语气较不确定，尤其是might 和could，其意很不肯定。,例 题：- When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. - They _ be ready by 12:00.A. can B. should C. might D. need,25. Parachute kids are children sent to a new country to live alone or with a caregiver, _ their parents remain in their home country.A. for B. otherwise C. while D. when,考察点: 连词While的用法,例题讲解,while 连接词 conj. 1.当.的时候,和.同时She listened closely while he read the letter. 他读信时,她听得很仔细。 Ill take care of your children while you are away. 你不在时我会照顾你的孩子的。 We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们必须趁热打铁。2.而,然而I like tea while she likes coffee. 我喜欢喝茶,而她喜欢喝咖啡。3.虽然,尽管While I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape. 虽然我喜欢这顶帽子的颜色,但我不喜欢它的形状。,从语篇层面上考查词汇知识在语境中的运用。能力要求：阅读理解能力；综合语言分析能力； 在语篇中准确运用词汇的能力。选 材： More Than I Had Dreamt Of 夹叙夹议文，内容新颖，积极向上， 语言难度适中，适合各层次学生。,第二节：完形填空(6:10:4),故事发展（时间顺序，一明线一暗线）,From the time I was seven, I had a dream Years flew by, I participated in the elections（暗线）That evening after the elections, I cried, I made a decision A whole year following my first election, I made preparations for next electionsOn the election day, I made an effective election speech（暗线） The day after the election, the principal announced I won人生思考，哲理升华,From the time I was seven, I had a dream of becoming a member of the Students Union. I always 36 my school leaders for taking responsibility for all of us. So I dreamed of being a leader. Years flew by, and soon I was able to participate in the elections, 37 I would win. But the reality struck that I hadnt had a chance. I wasnt pretty. Girls across the school hardly knew me. I just did not have what it 38 to win a school election. I was 39 . 36. A. admired B. remembered C. praised D. believed 37. A. praying B. planning C. calculating D. judging 38. A. assessed B. provided C. meant D. took 39. A. concerned B. depressed C. surprised D. confused,Take：- to need a particular quality, amount of money, or effort,in order for you to do something or for something to happen. 需要钱、努力、某种品质,例句：It takes strength and stamina to be a long-distance runner. It takes a lot of courage to admit you were wrong.,As I cried in my room that evening, I 40 took a deep breath and decided I wouldnt stop dreaming. I decided that I would 41 for elections again in my final year at schooland I would win. 40. A. gradually B. immediately C. suddenly D. impatiently 41. A. pay B. stand C. speak D. wait,Stand: to try to become elected to a council, parliament etc: She announced her intention to stand for Parliament.,I recognized that my 42 had a lot of things in their favor. What were the 43 that would work in my favor? I had good grades, and I was friendly and helpful. And my biggest 44 was the faith I had.I would not allow my 45 appearance to hold me back from putting my best foot forward. That evening, I 46 my election plans a whole year in advance.42. A. competitors B. companions C. enemies D. schoolmates 43. A. cases B. methods C. examples D. points 44. A. problem B. strength C. worry D. dream45. A. young B. personal C. special D. plain 46. A. began B. discussed C. announced D. cancelled,相貌平平,43. point: a particular quality or feature that something or someone has eg: Sometimes she had to remind herself of his good pionts. 45. I wasnt pretty （Line 2, Paragraph 2) Plain: ugly or unattractive, often used because you want to avoid saying this directly.,I realized that girls would have to get to know me and recognize that I had the ability to 47 them. I loved making friends and I liked being helpful, 48 I decided that perhaps I could use these qualities to work to my advantage. In order to learn how to present a great election 49 , I also attended a course on effective public speaking.47. A. recommend B. accompany C. represent D. support48. A. but B. and C. so D. or49. A. campaign B. speech C. ceremony D. promise,The day after the election, when the principal announced I won the second highest number of votes, the students 50 . That joy on the faces of all my friends showed me that my victory was 51 theirs. Suddenly, I realized that I had 52 much more than I had dreamed of. I had made many new friends and had helped people 53 the way. I had won the 54 and love of my school-mates and they knew me assomebody who would stand by them. I was able to put a smile ontheir faces and 55 their day.50. A. nodded B. gathered C. cheered D. cried 51. A. only B. still C. almost D. also52. A. accomplished B. accumulated C. devoted D. developed 53. A. by B. to C. in D. along 54. A. appointment B. acceptance C. election D. reputation 55. A. enrich B. bless C. brighten D. expand,三、 阅读理解 (6:10:4),共5篇 20小题 40分,阅读理解阅读量对比,阅读理解涉及话题、文体,58. The author is trying to _. A. advise people to be money-smart B. persuade people to keep off fashions C. blame people for copying others D. criticize people for over consumption The Joneses, nine times out of 10, are financially stupid. Thats why they have all that stuff on borrowed money. Why try to copy them? Worse, why try to impress them? Copy and impress smart people, the ones who own their stuff. If you want to impress smart people, debt is the last way to go about it. Trying to impress a money-smart person by going into debt is like trying to impress Olympic swimming champion Michael Phelps by drowning in a pool. Michael Phelps is impressed by good swimming and a money-smart person by good money management.,61. It can be inferred from the passage that the author _. A. dislikes the snake skin at all B. shows concern for nature and culture C. can grasp the chance to educate children D. often encourages his daughter to raise questions 当女儿问及“Why do they need to renew themselves?” ，作者suddenly remembered an article ，然后教育女儿“We often need to shed our skins and those coatings that we cover ourselves with”。女儿此时 absorbed（专心、认真地倾听），进而was getting the point，began to understand，最后女儿说“I see, Dad”。 作者抓住女儿好奇的问题引导女儿感悟人生哲理，可见作者can grasp the chance to educate children。,62. The author mainly tells the reader that _. A. snakes cast off the layers to look smarter B. we should renew ourselves to get improved C. snakes shed their skins to renew themselves D. we should explore our original nature underneath 基于61题的分析，作者想让女儿明白的道理就是renewal is part of progress; we need to take a good look at ourselves, our rooms, schoolwork and creativity, and see what we need to keep and what we need to cast off。作者was careful to point out that this is a natural consequence of their growth。 作者想让女儿明白的道理，也就是作者想告诉读者的道理。,65. Whats the main idea of the passage? A. People have chances to change their personality types. B. Scientists have identified four different personality types. C. Structural differences in the brain have effects on education. D. Personality types are related to structural differences in the brain.66. The author writes the passage to _. A. present a fact B. argue a claim C. support a research D. introduce an approach Personality types are related to structural differences in the brain属于一个fact, 不是claim，也不是research 或者approach。,68. The underlined phrase “get around” in Paragraph 3 probably means _. A. recall B. strengthen C. lose D. avoid 上文先是渲染Memories and associations accumulate rapidly 而且could make it impossible to learn and retrieve new thingsand could just overpower the rest of memory，然后话锋一转 ：But, fortunately，were able to get around these strong competing inappropriate memories to remember the ones we want to recall. 可见，要想remember必须先avoid那些inappropriate memories 。 lose 与memory搭配，并非主动行为；recall意思恰好相反； strengthen意义也是与前面的but和后面的remember反向。,70. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Forgetting Is Part of Remembering. B. Why Should People Forget. C. How Forgetting Improves Remembering. D. Remembering Relies on Forgetting. 本文首尾呼应，主旨要义均指向Forgetting Is Part of Remembering。开头言明Its time for forgetting to get some respect it actually does play an important role in the function of memory ,结尾落脚到We need to be able to update our memory so we can remember and think about the things that are currently relevant 。 选项D. Remembering Relies on Forgetting. 则有夸大forgetting作用之嫌。 选项C. How Forgetting Improves Remembering.中的关键词how并非本文着力点。,四、书面表达,主要考查考生根据写作任务的要求进行英语书面表达的能力。1. 根据不同文体，使用恰当的语言形式完成书面 交际任务；2. 运用恰当的句式、词汇和语法，叙述、描述、表达 观点和态度；3. 做到文章扣题、内容充实、结构完整、逻辑性强、 语义连贯。,近期某网站就校车安全问题进行了一次社会调查，结果见下图。请根据图示用英语写一篇短文，介绍调查结果并谈谈你的看法, 供有关部门参考。词数不少于60。 注意：1. 文章的开头已经给出。 2. 提示词: 报废车abandoned vehicles,第一节 情景作文,写作要求,文章扣题 内容充实（全面、有细节支撑） 结构完整 逻辑性强 语义连贯,评分标准,第一档 优秀（18 20分）：完全完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖了所有内容要点；运用了多样的句式和丰富的词汇；语法或用词方面有个别错误，但为尽可能表达丰富的内容所致；体现了较强的语言运用能力；有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，所写内容连贯、结构紧凑。完全达到了预期的写作目的。,第二档：15-17分 完全完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖了所有内容要点；运用的句式和词汇能满足任务要求；语法和用词基本准确，少许错误主要为尽可能表达丰富的内容所致；使用了简单的语句间连接成分，所写内容连贯。 达到了预期的写作目的。,第三档：12-14分基本完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖了内容要点；运用的句式和词汇基本满足任务要求；语法和用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。,第四档：6-11分未恰当完成试题规定的任务。漏掉或未描述清楚主要内容；所用句式和词汇有限；语法或用词方面的错误影响了对所写内容的理解。未能清楚地传达信息。,第五档：1-5分未完成试题规定的任务。明显遗漏主要内容；句式单调、词汇贫乏；语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理解。0分： 未能传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。,抄写阅读、完形；用汉语拼音、中文；默写不相干范文, 均得0分。,评分原则,1. 对内容要点的要求要严格；2. 对细节的要求可以宽泛；3. 语言质量是决定档次的依据之一。,评分原则,先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。应考虑内容要点+细节支撑+语言质量（词汇和句式的多样性及语言的准确性）+逻辑合理（上下文的连贯）。,评分细则,内容全面，七个数据都有正确表述，并且有必要的过渡语言和适当的细节支撑，写出了自己的看法，语言流畅，定为第二档（15-17分）。根据语言质量决定是否升档或降档；漏写一个数据，一般应定为第三档（12-14分），根据语言质量决定是否升一档或降档，但若漏写饼状图关键数据“不信任40.34%”则定为四档；漏写两个数据，一般应定为第四档（6-11分），根据语言质量决定是否升一档或降档；漏写三个数据，定为第四档中、低分段。根据语言质量决定档内中、低分或是否降档；漏写四或五个数据，定为第五档（1-5 分）。视语言质量，决定档内高、中、低分段；只写出两个数据，给2分；只写出一个数据，给1分；,只有数据表述，没有个人观点，相应降一档；只有个人观点，没有数据表述，最高得2分； 时态、人称的使用得当与否视为判断语言质量高低的依据；逻辑不通，相应降一档。,评分细则,A possible version,Recently, a survey on school buses has been conducted on a website. As can be seen from the pie chart, only 36.13% of the interviewees trust school buses, while 40.34% of them show their distrust. 23.53% of them are not clear about it. Of those who show their disbelief, 35.29% are afraid of abandoned vehicles being used and 24.37% worry that school buses are often overloaded, which can cause serious traffic accidents. About 21.35% of them worry that the school buses are not equipped with safety equipment like safety belts. Another 18.49% blame drivers for breaking the speed limit. I think effective measures should be taken to ensure the safety of students. More money should be invested to improve the quality of school buses. Meanwhile, all the school buses should be examined regularly.（17分）,第二节 开放作文,审题：Describe the picture - 描述图片（三分之一篇幅）; Explain how you understand it - 对于图片的理解和自己的观点（三分之二篇幅）,语言与交际：语言是否准确，交际是否得体1）句式的多样性：定语从句，非谓语，强调，倒装句 以及高级词汇的使用自然流畅。2）不只看单句，要看前后句的连贯性和逻辑。3）得体 （前后语言风格，词汇层次）