宾语从句和表语从句的用法

Grammar 宾语从句和表语从句 一 句子成分 动词作谓语 动词之前作主语 动词之后作宾语 am is are之后做表语 修饰名词作定语 区别表语和宾语 表语也叫补语 是主语补足语 对主语进行补充说明 表语跟系动词连用 构成系表结构 Sheisastudent Shelikesthestudent is是系动词 所以astudent是表语 likes是实义动词 所以thestudent是宾语 常用的连系动词 1表示状态存在的词 be 感官动词 look smell sound feel taste seem appear等等 2 表示状态持续的词 keep prove stay remain turn out 等等 3 表示状态转变的词 become come fall get grow make等等 Shelooksnice Theleavesareturningbrown Hecooksgoodmeals It sgettinglate Theyownsallthecars 如何区分宾语从句 Theyknowtheteacher 主语谓语宾语Theyknowtheteacherisaman 主语谓语宾语从句 句子做宾语就是宾语从句 Weknow that Mr GreenteachesEnglish 宾语从句 1 作宾语的从句2 在主句谓语动词 及物动词 之后 或介词之后 Thereasonisthatheisastudent 表语从句 1 作表语的从句2 在连系动词之后3 作用 对主语进行解释说明 连接词 that 1 Pleasetellmeyouwillgotothelecturetomorrow 2 Italldependsontheskywillclearup 3 Thequestionisthefilmiswellworthseeing 4 HewillbewelltomorrowIamnotsure 5 itistrueremainsaproblem 关联词比较 whether if whether if whether whether whether whether 引导宾语从句时可互换 位于介词后要用whether 位于句首时要用whether 引导表语从句 主语从句 同位语从句时 要用whether 单项选择1 Idon tknow wecanliveontheislandwithoutanyfood A whereBwhatChowDthat2 Couldyoutellme AWhereisthepart BWho sonduty CWhosebookisthis DWhataretheydoing 3 Theteachertoldusthattheearth aroundthesun AmovedBmovesCmoveDmoving4 Couldyoutellme AifhewouldcometomorrowBwillhecometomorrowCwhetherhewillcometomorrowDIfhecomestomorrow5 Ididn tknowthatMr Smith yet hasreturnedBhasreturnedChadreturnedDreturned B B C C C 1 Wewonderhowweshalldonext 2 Couldyoutellmewherearetheyhavingapicnic 3 IamsorrythatIdon tknowyouwanttotakepartinthecompetition 4 Mr Liseemsthatheisveryexpertatrepairingatcomputers what didn t theyare asif Themother squestionwasthatshehasnotimetolookafterherdaughter 2 Thequestioniswhetherthatboywillturnupintime 3 Tomisnolongerwhatheusedtobe 4 ThatiswhereIcan tagreewithyou 无义 是否 的样子 的地方 动词 间接宾语 宾语从句Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation 1 作动词的宾语 2 作介词的宾语 Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother 3 非谓语的宾语 4 形容词短语的宾语 3 It作为形式宾语 Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein Seetoitthatchildrendon tcatchcold 4 否定的转移 主句的谓语动词为think consider suppose believe expect fancy guess imagine等 其后的宾语从句若含有否定词not 一般要把否定词not转移到主句谓语上 从句谓语用肯定 Idon tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell 5 doubt 一 宾语从句 1 引导词that可省略 Ihear that hewillgotoShanghaitomorrow 2 whether if 引导 Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme 3 whatIwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou 4 副词类Wherewhenwhyhow 5 虚拟语气下列动词Advisesuggestproposeinsistordercommandpreferrequestrequire后的宾语从句中谓语用Should do bedoneTheysuggestedthatIshouldhavearest 比较Hispalefacesuggestedthathewasill Headvisedthattheworkshouldbestartedearly Tominsistedthathe be rightand notpunish Was Shouldnotbepunished 6 疑问词 ever引导Who whom which what ever区别 Ican tunderstandwhatIheard 特指 allthat the thatHegiveshissonwhateverhewants 泛指 AnythingthatIwillgivethechanceto Ithinkishonest A whoeverB whomever比较Iknow brokethewindow Wewillpunish tellslies 7 that不能省略的情况 1 and连接两个宾语从句 that宾语从句放在and后 EverybodycouldseewhathappenedandthatTomwasfrightened 2 that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时 Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth 3 that从句位于句首时 ThatheeversaidsuchathingIsimplydon tbelieve 4 主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语时 Wedecided inviewofhisspecialcircumstances thatwewouldadmithimforaprobationary 试用 Wewonderhowweshalldo Couldyoutellmewheretheyare Webelievethattheyhavefinishedtheirtask haven twe 4 IamsorrythatIdidn tknowyouwanttojointheParty 找出下列句中的宾语从句 作业 用whose whom what how that填空 1 Ithink hewillbeallrightinafewdays 2 Doyouknow theyarewaitingfor 3 Heasked dictionaryitwas 4 Pleasepayattentionto theteachersaid 5 Canyoutellme Icangettotherailwaystation 6 宾语从句的时态 1 主句用过去时 从句用一般过去时 如从句表示客观真理 可用现在时 Didyouseethattheboyswereplayingfootballontheplaygroundatthattime YesterdayTomsaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun 2 主句为现在时时 从句可根据需要选用各种时态 IthinkthattheGreen shaveleftforHawaii Iwanttoknowif whetherhewillgosurfingthisafternoon 注意事项 二 从句时态 主句时态 现在时 将来时 相应任何时态 过去时 相应过去任何时态 宾语从句的注意事项 一 句子类型 that 陈述句 一般疑问句 If whether 特殊疑问词 特殊疑问句 practice practise 经典试题 1 Wecannotfigureout quiteanumberofinsects birds andanimalsaredyingout A thatB asC whyD when2 Amoderncityhasbeensetupin wasawastelandtenyearsago A whatB whichC thatD where3 Parentsaretaughttounderstand importanteducationistotheirchildren sfuture A thatB howC suchD so4 Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal andthisis Idisagree A whyB whereC whatD how C A B B 5 IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow I vebeenuptosofar soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote A whichB whyC whatD how6 Theroadiscoveredwithsnow Ican tunderstand theyinsistongoingbymotorbike A whyB whetherC whenD how7 Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday sgame Oh that s A whatmakesmefeelexcitedB whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC howIfeelaboutitD whenIfeelexcited8 PeoplehaveheardwhatthePresidenthassaid theyarewaitingtosee hewilldo A howB thatC whenD what C A A D 9 Ithinkit sgoingtobeabigproblem Yes itcouldbe Iwonder wecandoaboutit A ifB howC whatD that10 Perseveranceisakindofquality andthat s ittakestodoanythingwell A whatB thatC whichD why11 Ireallydon tknow Ihadthisphototaken A whereitwasthatB itwasthatC whereitwasD itwaswhy b A A 12 Nevertake forgrantedthatIwillhelpyou Betterdependonyourself A thatB itC whichD this13 Itlooks heisunhappytoday A thatB ifC asifD whether14 ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo Icantosavethem A whateverB thatC whichD whichever15 Theoldwomanwasshockedby hadhappenedtoherdaughter A whomB whichC thatD what B C A D 表语从句 用做表语的从句叫表语从句 位置 一般放在系动词be后 Theproblemisthatwehavelittlemoney Thatiswhathewantsustodo Thatiswhereshegothermaster sdegree 表语从句的连接词 四大类 that引导的表语从句 本身无意义 但不能省略 2 whether引导的表语从句意为 是否 不能用if替代 what which who whom whose可在表语从句中充当 主语 宾语 定语 有自己的词义 4 where when why how在表语从句中可充当时间 地点 方式 原因状语 特殊用法 1 because引导的表语从句 的结构 2 asif asthough引导的表语从句常在连系动词look seem sound 后面 Myangerisbecauseyouhaven tfinishedyourhomework ItseemedasifthebrotherswereplayingajokeonHenry 1 Ithinkitisunnecessaryformetospeaklouder 2 Hismotherissatisfiedwithhehasdone 3 hewasabletocomemadeushappy 4 Thisismakesusinterested 5 ThereasonwasTodhadneverseenthemillionpoundnotebefore what that that what what that That who whoever 1 Thecompetitioniscoming willattendthemeetinghasn tbeendecidedyet 2 Ibelievetakespartinthecompetitionwilltryhisbest what whatever3 Canyoutellmeyou dliketoorder happens don tbesurprised Allthefoodhereisdelicious Justorderyoulike Who whoever what Whatever Whatever 经典试题 1 Wecannotfigureout quiteanumberofinsects birds andanimalsaredyingout A thatB asC whyD when2 Amoderncityhasbeensetupin wasawastelandtenyearsago A whatB whichC thatD where3 Parentsaretaughttounderstand importanteducationistotheirchildren sfuture A thatB howC suchD so4 Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal andthisis Idisagree A whyB whereC whatD how C A B B 5 IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow I vebeenuptosofar soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote A whichB whyC whatD how6 Theroadiscoveredwithsnow Ican tunderstand theyinsistongoingbymotorbike A whyB whetherC whenD how7 Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday sgame Oh that s A whatmakesmefeelexcitedB whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC howIfeelaboutitD whenIfeelexcited8 PeoplehaveheardwhatthePresidenthassaid theyarewaitingtosee hewilldo A howB tha