外刊经贸知识选读.docx

外刊经贸知识选读Translate the following phrases into Chinese:Compensation trade补偿贸易Net exporter净出口国Department store百货商店Economic projection经济预测White Paper白皮书Spin off副产品Base metals贱金属Technology transfer技术转让Foreign-exchange reserves外汇储备Saturation point饱和点Trade balance贸易差额Areas of trade贸易区North America Free Trade Agreement北美自由贸易协定Current account经常项目Free trade zone自由贸易区European Union欧洲联盟Growth rate增长率Contractual conflict契约性的矛盾EEC欧洲经济共同体Portfolio investment证券投资Per capita income人均收入De-inflationary policies反通胀政策The Single Market统一大市场Business investment商业投资Exclusive contract独家代理协议The Gulf region海湾地区GNP国民生产总值Budget deficit贸易赤字Fiscal packages财政一揽子计划Barter trade易货贸易Foreign trade对外贸易The Special Economic Zone经济特区Natural resources自然资源Per capita income人均收入Trade priority贸易优先权Carbon tax双重税Import targets进口指标Credit guarantee货款担保人Accountancy service会计服务National sovereignty国家主权Balance of payments国际收支差额Customs duties关税Punitive import tariff惩罚性进口关税Primary commodity price初级产品价格Trade surplus贸易顺差Top priority第一优先Hard currency硬通货Technology transfer技术转让Public funds国家资金Sliding price浮动价格Debt restructuring债务调整Net exporter净出口国Wet market生肉、鱼、禽、蛋市场The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade关贸总协定Market forces市场力量Petrochemical complex石油化学企业Tax breaks税额优惠Import targets进口指标Trade reprisal贸易报复Trade barrier贸易壁垒Most-favored nation treatment最惠国待遇Imports of capital资本进口Gross national product国民生产总值Domestic demand国内需求Trade barrier贸易壁垒Current-account经常项目Domestic policy内政Debtor nations债务国Snack food小吃Financial instrument金融证券Foreign exchange reserves外汇储备Technical transformation技术改造Free market自由市场Holding company控股公司A chamber of commerce商会Bargain basement廉价部Trade fairs贸易展览会Trade volume贸易量Service industry服务业Capital stock实际资本Capital equipment资本设备High-tech economy高科技经济Semiconductor chips半导体集成电路芯片Electronic commerce电子商务Process a loan办理贷款手续Retail sale零售Make way for为让路Liquid assets流动资产Developing countries发展中国家Precious metals贵金属Discount rate贴现率Securities有价证券Spot market现货市场Transfers component资本转移部分Trade barrier贸易壁垒Net assets净资产Barrier-free market无壁垒市场Trade reprisal贸易报复Trade inventories贸易库存Nominal dollar terms名义美元价Unfair trade不平等交易Exclusive contract独家经销合同Per capita income人均收入Long-term strategy长期战略GATT关税及贸易总协定Financial crisis金融危机Trade representative商务代表Physical market现货市场Financial deregulation撤销金融管制规定Sovereignty dispute主权争端Most-favored nation treatment最惠国待遇Trade surplus贸易顺差Hard currency硬通货Merger of banks银行兼并Liquid assets易于变卖的资产/流动资金A hermit nation闭关自守的国家Trade negotiation贸易谈判At a rough estimate据粗略估计Chinese Export Commodities Fair中国出口商品交易会Foreign exchange reserves外汇储备Most-favored nation treatment最惠国待遇Trade surplus贸易顺差Hard currency硬通货Merger of banks银行兼并Liquid assets易于变卖的资产A hermit nation闭关自守的国家Trade negotiation贸易谈判At a rough estimate据粗略估计Chinese Export Commodities Fair中国出口商品交易会Foreign exchange reserves外汇储备Fiscal packages财政一揽子计划Countervailing duty反补贴税Debt service利息付款Liquid assets易于变卖的资产Good resistance强阻力Current account经常项目Cash crops经济作物GNP国民生产总值De-inflationary policy反通货政策Equivalent value对等价值Industrialization programme工业化项目National income国民收入Volume of foreign trade对外贸易额Visible trade account有形贸易收支Invisible trade account无形贸易收支Growth rate增长率Foreign exchange外汇Trade fairs贸易展览会Production goods生产资料Customs duties关税Capital stock实际资本Infrastructure基础设施Foreign-exchange reserves外汇储备Customer goods消费品Saturation point饱和点Showpiece优秀样品Industrial crops经济作物Gross national product国民生产总值Economic power经济强国Punitive import tariff惩罚性进口关税Securities and real-estate markets证券及房地产市场Conglomerate跨行业公司Commercial hub商业活动中心Per capita人均Portfolio investment证券投资Nominal terms名义价Constant terms不变价Debt restructuring债务调整Trade sanctions贸易制裁General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade关税及贸易总协定Trade surplus贸易顺差Trade agreement贸易协定Government procurement政府采购North America Free Trade Agreement北美自由贸易协定European Community欧洲共同体European Union欧洲联盟The Single Market统一大市场Free-trade zone自由贸易区Plant modernization工厂现代化European integration欧洲一体化Obtain access to a market得到进入一个市场的机会Trade reprisal贸易报复Trade representative 贸易代表Import targets进口指标Fiscal packages财政一揽子计划Multilateral rules多边规则Quantifiable results定量结果Conglomerate联合大企业Joint venture合资企业Leviathan zaibatsu大财团Interest rates利率The lions share最大的份额Antidumping反倾销Loss leader亏本出售的商品Carbon tax双重税OPEC石油输出国组织The Gulf region海湾地区CECF中国出口商品交易会GATT关税及贸易总协定Market forces市场力量Countervailing duty反补贴税Intellectual property right知识产权Trade in service服务贸易Common Agriculture Policy共同农业政策Barter易货贸易Convertible currency可兑换货币Debt service偿还贷款Countertrade对等贸易Counter purchase反向购买Debtor nations债务国Creditor nations债权国Reformulation重新配方Security有价证券Franchise特许经销权wholesaler批发商retailer零售商promote sales促销商品USDA美国农业部Luck draw幸运抽奖Spin-offs副产品，副作用Liquid assets流动资金Surplus produce生产过剩Financial futures期货Currency movements货币流通Inflation通货膨胀Firm坚挺Buoyant活跃Steady坚稳Quiet清淡Stagnant停滞Heavy很呆滞Easy疲软Irregular涨落不定Erratic反复无常Irregular lower曲折下降Uncertain捉摸不定Translate the following phrases into English:贱金属base metals贵金属precious metals呆滞dull贴现率discount rate现货市场spot market欧共体European Economic Community期货市场futures market伦敦五金交易所London Metal Exchange超级市场supermarket增加出口计划Export Enhancement Program快餐店fast food shops贸易结构structure of trade咸鸭蛋preserved duck eggs茶鸡蛋eggs cooked in salt and tea leaves价格指数price index软商品soft commodities削价战price-cutting war投资基金investment funds出口配额制度export quota system国际金融机构the international financial institution货币储存currency reserves国际货币基金the International Monetary Fund货币交换currency exchange多边贸易multilateral trade清算协定Clearing Agreements补偿协定Compensation Agreements优惠券coupons独家经销合同exclusive contract试销市场test market独家代理协议exclusive contract基础设施infrastructure征收进口附加税impose import surcharge商会chamber of commerce再出口reexports产地证明书certificate of origin据保守估计on a conservative estimate形成一种威胁pose a threat经济增大economic growth乌拉圭回合谈判the Uruguay round talk世界贸易组织the World Trade Organization农业保护farm protection管理贸易managed trade贸易差额trade balance白皮书white paper双边顺差bilateral surplus年增长率annual growth rate投资资本investment capital税额优惠tax breaks金融体制financial system禁运embargo经济自由化economic liberalization贸易优先权trade priority贸易歧视trade discriminations贸易让步trade concession经济一体化economic integration政治一体化political integration无壁垒市场barrier-free market经济利益economic benefits贸易顺差trade surplus资本转移部分transfers component预算赤字budget deficit利率interest rate初级产品价格primary commodity price七国集团the Group of Seven工人侨汇workers remittance优先权preferred status关税及贸易总协定General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade国内生产总值Gross Domestic Product竞争优势competitive advantage贸易集团trade bloc新兴企业newly-rising enterprises集装箱工厂container plant国际财团Consortium反弹bounce back自由市场free market补偿贸易compensation trade合资企业joint venture经常项目current account计划经济planned economy出口定额export quota增长点growth point高科技产业high-tech industries经济特区the Special Economic Zone所得税税率income tax rate技术改造technical transformation技术转让technology transfer资本设备capital equipment优惠税率preferential tax rate资本密集型投资capital-intensive investment合作企业cooperative enterprise资本进口imports of capital服务业service industry外汇管制foreign exchange control反向贸易counter trade省会provincial capital竞争优势competitive advantage经济局面economic dimensions内部融资internal financing中波medium wave期货financial futures燃气轮机gas turbine资本货物capital goods资本密集型投资capital-intensive investment政府采购government procurement优惠税率preferential tax rate贸易歧视trade discriminations贸易让步trade concession贸易制裁trade sancitions核定资本authoried capital市场魅力market appeal广告词marketing messages利率interest rate竞争优势competitive advantage货币政策monetary policy曲折下降irregularly lower补偿贸易compensation trade出口定额export quota外汇管制foreign exchange control经济结构economic structure初级产品primary commodity工人侨汇workers remittance贸易体制trade framework国家资金public funds国民收入national income进口限额import quota贸易公司trading companies硬通货hard currency固执己见stick by ones guns自由贸易区free-trade zone产地证明书certificate of origin贸易差额trade balance合资企业joint venture贸易集团trading block无形贸易收支invisible account所得税税率income tax rate证券及房地产市场securities and real estate markets预算赤字budget deficit净资产net assets家用电器consumer electronics贸易逆差trade deficit进口指标import targets财政一揽子计划fiscal packages资本密集型投资capital-intensive investment知识产权intellectual property right服务贸易trade in services经济封锁economic blockade贸易限制trade restrictions国内需求domestic demand优先权preferred status反倾销antidumping出口经济export economy最大份额the lions share有形贸易visible trade有形贸易收支visible trade account消费品consumer goods经济强国economic power商品市场commodity market初步协定preliminary agreements坏账bad debts假冒产品pirate good债权国creditor nations自动售货机vending machine贫困地区distressed region外汇业务foreign exchange business税率tax rate私营企业private business首席执行官Chief Executive Officer亏本出售的商品loss leader容易上当受骗的人fall guy贸易协定trade agreement贸易顺差trade surplus生产方式means of production优惠税率preferential tax rate利润汇款profit-remittance出口经济export economy高科技公司high technology firm电路板circuit board销售总额gross sales掌握的线索keep track of 强行推销hard sell国际货币基金组织the International Monetary Fund工业原料industrial material高增长率high growth rate惩罚性进口关税punitive import tariff收入指数income index每年per annum赤字in deficit顺差in surplus海关税customs duties国民收入national income有形贸易收支visible trade account反补贴税countervailing duty无形贸易收支invisible account利息付款debt service / interest payment外商独资sole foreign-funded技术转让technology transfer国内需求domestic demand出口导向export-oriented贸易差额trade balance产地证书certificate of origin期货市场futures market市场份额market share进口税import duties独家经销合同exclusive contract经常项目current account清算协议clearing agreement人均收入per capita income无壁垒市场barrier-free market双重税carbon tax房地产real estate试销test market知识产权intellectual property right商业周期business cycle国民收入national income国际收支balance of payments收盘价closing level惩罚性进口关税punitive import tariff证券投资portfolio investment商品市场commodity market自由市场（无壁垒市场）barrier-free market智囊团/顾问班子brain trust产地证明书certificate of origin对等价值equivalent value市场份额market share供应短缺short supply世界银行the World Bank资本货物capital goods生产力productive forces国内需求domestic demand外汇收入foreign exchange earnings进口税customs duties有形贸易收支visible trade account利润汇款profit-remittanceIn return for: 作为对的交换Permit: 允许Run-down: 减少，减缩Accelerate: 加快，增速Reinforce: 加强，增强By means of: 通过，借助于Concessionary: 优惠的，减让的Substantial: 可观的，大量的，相当数目的Exacerbated: 加剧Deepened: 加深Stagnated: 停滞Deteriorated: 加剧、恶化SEZ: the Special Economic Zone经济特区Equipped with: 用装备，具备Cope with: （成功）应付，（妥善）处理Preferential: 优惠的It will be some time before: 还需要一段时间Many economists believe a standard estimate of Chinas per capita gross national product is already two to three times too low.许多经济学家认为，对中国人均国民生产总值的标准估计太低了，实际应该是这数字的2到3倍。Due: 预定的，约定的Most-favored nation trade status: 最惠国贸易地位Surpass: 超过，越过Source: 原因Preferred status: 优先权Double digits: 两位数Party press: 党政报刊Issue: 发布，发行Punitive import tariff: 惩罚性进口关税Farfetched: 牵强的，勉强的，不大可能的Improbable: 不大可能的Spectacular: 可观的Disinflationary policies: 反通胀政策Weakness in demand: 需求疲软Momentum: 动力，势头Be attributable to: 可归因于In part: 部分地，在某种程度上Menu: project, 计划Debt rescheduling: 重新安排债务的偿还计划In a row: 连续的In succession: 连续的In agreement: 与其一致Aggregate: 合计的，共计的Accumulated: 积累的，堆积的Given: 被给予的Underpinnings: 根据Divergent: 有分歧的，不同的Seething: 发怒Peeved: 惹恼Mollify: 使平静，抚慰Amenable: 顺从的，易作出反应的Lines: 字行The first lines开始部分Pressure sb. Into doing sth.迫使某人做某事Stall支吾，拖延Turn up升级Live with the consequences承担后果Bully威吓Instigate挑动，煽动Dour抑郁的Appositive同位语Attributive定语By no means决不，一点也不Anticipate预料Strains重负，过度的要求Accomplish完成，实现Have nothing to do with与无关Stake利害关系Take a breach of违反Lightly轻率地Merger兼并Capitulating投降，屈服Gear to使适应，使适合Amplified增强，扩大Be opposed to反对Be bound to肯定Put写上，提出，说Somebodys side of an argument某人对这个论点的态度Compound增加，加重Thanks to slow growth elsewhere由于其他地区的缓慢增长Export its way out of recession通过出口走出