初中英语八大时态课件(1).ppt

初中英语八大时态 ReviewofTenses 1 TheSimplePresentTense一般现在时态 教学重 难点 一般现在时 表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态常与everyday onSundays sometimes often usually always 等连用结构 1 主语 动词原形 其他Eg IhaveameetingonSundays Theyvisittheirparentsonceamonth 注 主语 三单 动词 第三人称单数形式 其他 Eg Shelikesitverymuch Sheusuallygoestoschoolat7o clockeverymorning 动词第三人称单数形式 在动词后 s 在以s x ch sh o结尾的动词 es 以辅音字母 y结尾的动词 先变y为i 再加es 特殊have has等 helpguessflymakeleavefixswimknow playclosegostudygetreadbringwatch 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式 carrydowashvisitexerciseenjoyjumphave s ies es s es s s s es s ies s s s has es s s es s s es ies s 一般现在时否定式 be notdon tdo doesn tdo II一般现在时的否定式 1 Be动词的否定式 be not Iamateacher YouareaworkerSheisadoctorWearefriends I mnotateacherYouaren taworkerSheisn tadoctor Wearen tfriends isnot isn tarenot aren t 否定句 2 当主语是单数第三人称时 它与助动词Does有关 但是动词谓语一定要恢复为原形 当主语是其他人称时 它与助动词Do有关 IlikeEnglish Shelikesitverymuch Wegotoworkbybike Idon tlikeEnglish Shedoesn tlikeitverymuch Wedon tgotoworkbybike 否定句 概念 用yes或no来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句 一般疑问句句首的第一个词一般读得比较重 III一般疑问句 1 对于be动词 疑问句要求把be提前 第一人称变成第二人称 疑问句 Iamateacher Areyouateacher Youareaworker Areyouaworker Heisastudent Isheastudent Wearefriends Areyoufriends 2 对于实意动词 疑问句要求是 当主语是他 he 她 she 它 it 时 句子前面加does 并把动词恢复原形 当主语是其他人称时 句前加do 第一人称 I we 换第二人称 you Ioftengothere Youlikethemusic Hegoestoworkbybus We You Theylikeit Doyouoftengothere Doyoulikethemusic Doeshegotoworkbybus Doyou theylikeit 1 HehasameetingonSundays 2 Hegoestoschoolatseveninthemorning 3 MyfatherandmothergooutforlunchonSundays 4 Wedoourhomeworkafterschool 把下列句子改为一般疑问句 DoeshehaveameetingonSundays Doeshegotoschoolatseveninthemorning DoyourfatherandmothergooutforlunchonSundays Doyoudoyourhomeworkafterschool exercise 把下列句子改为否定句 1 Myfatherhasaneggforbreakfast 2 LiLeidoeshishomeworkafterschool 3 Wedoourhomeworkathome 4 Theyhaveameetingeverymorning Myfatherdoesn thaveaneggforbreakfast LiLeidoesn tdohishomeworkafterschool Wedon tdoourhomeworkathome Theydon thaveameetingeverymorning 1 Weoften play intheplayground 2 He get upatsixo clock 3 you brush yourteetheverymorning 4 What heusually do afterschool 5 Danny study English Chinese Maths ScienceandArtatschool 6 Mikesometimes go totheparkwithhissister 7 She watch TVwithhisparentseveryevening 8 Mike read Englisheveryday 用所给动词的正确形式及助动词填空 play gets Dobrush doesdo studies goes watches Doesread 2 一般过去时 TheSimplePresentTense 教学重 难点 一般过去时 一般过去时指动作发生在过去有时候会有例如yesterday lastyear等表示过去时间的标志一般过去时主要要注意动词的变化 be动词和实意动词 含有be动词的一般过去式 SheisinBeijing ShewasinBeijing Iamastudent Iwasastudent Wearefriends Wewerefriends 含有be动词的一般现在时变一般过去时 把is和am改成was 把are改成were 练习 1 Sheisateacher She ateacher 2 TheyarefromJapan They fromJapan Iamverytired I verytired Heistooyoungtogotoschool He tooyoungtogotoschool 5 Youarelateforschool You lateforschool was were was was were 不含be动词的一般过去时 不含be动词的句子改写成一般过去时 把句子中的动词改为过去式形式 通常有五种写法 Iworkinthiscity Iworkedinthiscitylastyear TheyliveinShanghai TheylivedinShanghailastyear 动词过去式的写法 一般情况 在动词末尾加ed 动词以e结尾的 直接在词尾加d 3 辅音加y结尾 变y为i加edIstudyinBeijing IstudiedinBeijing Study copyCry fly 4 重读闭音节结尾 双写词尾字母加edshestops shestopped 5 特殊Igotoschoolbybikeeveryday Iwenttoschoolbybikeyesterday 例如 have has had go went eat ate say saidthink thought come came 不规则动词练习 Ithinkyouareright Ithoughtyouwereright Sheeatsanappleeveryweek Sheateanappleanhourago 3 一般将来时 TheFutureSimpleTense 教学重 难点 一般将来时 相对于讲话时间将要发生的动作或情况 2 时间状语 判断标准 tomorrow明天nextweek下周thedayaftertomorrow后天soon不久inthefuture在将来in 一段时间多久之后才 TheFutureSimpleTense 1 will 动词原形 I weshall 2 begoingto 动词原形3 be v ing4 一般现在时表将来 结构 1 will shall v原形表示一个将来的动作或状态 要 会 Eg 1 Shewillgototheparktomorrow 2 IwillreturnhomeassoonasIfinishmytask 2 begoingto v原形 表示打算做某事 表示现在已经有迹象表明将要发生某事 What dothisevening Iamgoingtodomylessons 看那些乌云要下雨了 Lootatthedarkclouds It rain isgoingto areyougoingto 3 be v inggo come leave start arrive stay fly land takeoff等动词可用现在进行时表示安排和计划或即将发生的动作 我们明天动身去青岛 We releavingforQingdao 6 表示与生日 日历 课时安排或交通时刻表有关的动作 一种规律 用一般现在时表示将来时态常用于转移动词如 begin come leave go arrive start stop return open close Eg 1 Theeveningclassbeginsat19 00 2 Thetrainstartsattwo If条件句中 动词用一般现在时表将来 Ifwehurry wemaycatchthebus 如果我们快点的话 我们也许会赶上公交车Ifitrainstomorrow thetravelwillbecanceled 如果明天下雨的话 旅游将取消 1 Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon Iamgoingtothecinemawithsomefriends Thefilm quiteearly sowe tothebookstoreafterthat A finished aregoingB finished goC finishes aregoingD finishes go Exercise 2 Myyoungerbrother be15yearsoldnextyear A isgoingtoB willC istoD should 1 Theagreement comeintoforcenextyear I mnotfeelingwell andI gotoseeadoctor Ifyou don tpass theexam youwillbecriticizedbyyourparents will will don tpass 5 How you spendyourholiday I vedecidedtorepaintthisroom Oh haveyou Whatcolour you paintit TheweatherissoniceandIamgoingtositinthegarden That sagoodidea I joinyou will are goingto are goingto 4 现在进行时 ReviewofthePresentContinuousTense 教学重 难点 知识要点 一 现在进行时的定义 现在进行时是表示现在 说话瞬间或当前一直正在做着的动作 Eg 1 JennyiswatchingTVnow 2 Iamwriting 五 现在进行时的判断 1 一般句中用到表示 在现在 的时间状语 如 now rightnow atthemoment或It s 几点钟 句型 常判断用现在进行时 Eg Let sgofast Mr Wuiswaitingforusnow It ssixo clock Thechildrenareplayingbasketball 2 句中用到 Listen Look Keepquiet Don tmakenoise 等提示语时 表明说话间另一个动作正在进行 这时 句子也要用现在进行时 Eg Keepquiet Theteachersaretalkingintheoffice She read is ing now Listen Thebird is sing ing 二 现在进行时的谓语结构 现在进行时的谓语结构为 am is are 现在分词 Am is are在现在进行时句子谓语结构中作助动词用 无词义 Am is are的选择运用由句子的主语人称或数决定 A IamwatchingTVathome B Daveiscleaningthefloor C Thestudentsareseeingamovie 2 将现在进行的肯定句变为否定句时 在be动词后面加上not Eg Steveistalkingtohisteacher Thechildrenareeatingsomeapplesatmyhome Steveisn ttalkingtohisteacher Thechildrenaren teatinganyapplesatmyhome 四 现在进行时的形式转换 1 将一个现在进行时的肯定句变为一般疑问句时 将句中的is或are提到句首 Eg Steveistalkingtohisteacher Iamsinging IsStevetalkingtohisteacher Areyousinging Talkaboutthepeopleinthepicture What shedoing He sreading Whataretheydoing Theyareplayingbasketball 5 过去进行时 ReviewofthePastContinuousTense 教学重 难点 过去进行时 过去进行时的用法与现在进行时相仿 表示过去某时刻或阶段正在进行的动作 结构 be 过去式 v ingEg Iwasreadinganovelwhenyoucalled 你打电话时我正在看一本小说 exercise Danny watch TV whenyousang I playcomputergame atthistimeyesterday waswatching wasplayingcomputergame 6 将来进行时 表示将来某时刻正在进行的动作 结构 will shall be v ingEg Wewillbehavingdinnerinaminute 一会儿我们就吃饭 Dannywillbeplayingfootballanhourlater Danny一会儿将会在打球 Haveatry试一试 He watch TVnow I swim atthistimeyesterday She see thesunriseatthetopofthemountainthistimetomorrow iswatching wasswimming willbeseeing Translate翻译 他们一会儿就开会 Theywillbehavingameeting 我一会儿就洗衣服 Iwillbewashingclothes 7 ThePresentPerfectTense现在完成时 教学重 难点 现在完成时 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just already before yet never ever等状语连用 现在完成时结构 助动词have has V过去分词注 has用于第三人称单数 have用于其他所有人称 否定句 have has not V过去分词Eg Hehasneverheardofthatbefore Ihaveworkedherefor20years Shehasalreadyfinishedthework Myaunthaven tlivedinChinafor3years 2 现在完成时表示过去已经开始 持续到现在 也许还会持续下去的动作或状态 可以和表示延续的时间状语连用 如for since等引导的时间状语 注意 句中谓语动词要用延续性动词 一段时间的表达方法有两种 for 一段时间forayearfortwoweeksforthreeyears 过去的某一时刻 since9o clocksincelastweek一般过去时态的时间状语从句sinceyoucamesinceyougothome 注意 for和since所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间 Since 注意点 1 一些表示短暂性动作的动词如come go leave arrive buy begin start become等不能与表示一段时间的状语连用 这些动作需用表示状态的词连用 Ihavehadthiscoatforoneyear 试比较 1 Ihaveboughtthiscoatforoneyear 转化成延续性动词归纳 1 直接转化成延续性动词buycatch get acoldborrowcome go become have haveacold keep be 2 转换成be 名词jointhearmyjointhePartygotoschool beasoldier beaPartymember beastudent 3转换成be 形容词或副词diefinishbeginleavefallsleepcloseopen bedead beover beon beaway beasleep beclosed beopen 4 转换成be 介词短语gotoschooljointhearmy beinschool beinthearmy 2 Myunclehascomebackfor2days Myunclehasbeenbackfor2days 3 Thetrainhasleftforanhour Thetrainhasbeenawayforanhour 4 Thetwinbrothershavejoinedthearmyfor2years Thetwinbrothershavebeeninthearmyfor2years 注意点 2 havebeento与havegoneto的区别 3 havebeen to 和havegone to 的区别 have hasbeen to 表示 曾经到过某地 说话时此人不在那里 已经回来 侧重指经历 have hasgone to 表示某人 已经去某地了 说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里 试比较 HehasbeentoBeijing 他曾去过北京 人已回来 可能在这儿 HehasgonetoBeijing 他已经去北京了 人已走 不在这儿 一般过去时与现在完成时之比较 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情 强调动作 和现在不发生关系 而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 强调的是现在的情况 分析比较 Isawthisfilmyesterday 只说明动作发生在过去 Ihaveseenthisfilm 强调对现在的影响 电影的内容已经知道了 ShehasreturnedfromParis 她已从巴黎回来了 Shereturnedyesterday 她是昨天回来的 HehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears 在团内的状态可延续 HejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago 三年前入团 joined为短暂行为 注意 句子中如有一般过去时的时间副词 如yesterday lastweek in1960 时 不能使用现在完成时 要用过去时 例如 错 Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight 对 Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight Exercises 1 Ihavewatchedthegame When you it A have watchedB do watchC did watchD will watch 2 Mr Green inChinasincefiveyearsago A livedB haslivedC livesD isgoingtolive 3 Hisgrandma fortwoyears A diedB hasdiedC wasdeadD hasbeendead B B D 4 WhereisHanMeinow She toShanghai Shewillbebackintwodays A hasgoneB hasbeenC goesD hadgone 5 you totheUnitedStated No never butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsagoA Have beenB Have goneC Did goD Do go 6 Howlonghaveyou thefootballteamoftheschool A playedB beenatC joinedDbeenon A A D 7 Wherehaveyou thesedays Ihave toKunmingwithmyfriends Abeen goneBbeen beenCgone beenDgone gone 8 Howlonghaveyou thisbook A boughtB borrowedC hadD lent 9 Excuseme youseenthefilmyet Yes I itlastnight Ahave seeBhave haveseenChave seenDhave saw B C D 2 现在完成时 Mydaughter go out I hear fromherthesedays 改为现在完成时的否定句 They leave fortwoyears Theoldman die for4months We see yourecently 否定句 hasbeengone haven theard h