2019_2020学年高中英语Module2NoDrugsSectionⅡGrammar教案外研版必修2.docx

Section Grammar语法一不定式作目的状语一、基本用法不定式作为非谓语动词的一种形式，在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语、补语、定语和状语。不定式作状语表示目的时常用的结构为to do, only to do, in order to/so as to do。二、位置不定式作状语表示目的，可以置于句首或句末，置于句首时通常用逗号与其他部分隔开。You must do everything you can to help them.你必须尽最大努力帮助他们。To search for the lost plane, the local government sent out hundreds of people.为了寻找那架失踪的飞机，当地政府派出了好几百人。三、其他形式有时为了加强语气，可在不定式前加in order和so as，即构成in order to和so as to，但so as to不能放在句首。She studied very hard in order to/so as to pass the exam.为了通过考试，她非常努力地学习。In order to catch the first bus to work, he gets up early every day.为赶早班车去上班，他每天起得很早。四、否定式不定式的否定结构应在不定式符号to前加否定词not，构成not to do, in order not to do或so as not to do结构。I studied in my spare time in order not to/so as not to fall behind others.为了不落在别人后面，我业余时间都在学习。特别提醒不定式表示目的时，它的逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语；若不是，就用for结构表示逻辑主语。He spoke slowly for us to follow him.他说得很慢为的是让我们跟上他。考情分析非谓语动词是高中英语教学的重点和难点，也是历届高考的重点语法项目。在近五年高考中，非谓语动词的考查每年都有所涉及，为高频出现题型，其中非谓语动词中涉及的语态和时态问题应重点掌握，并能识别谓语动词和非谓语动词，掌握非谓语动词作宾语、定语、状语、补语时的区别以及非谓语动词各种构成形式、所表示的时间和逻辑关系，现在分词和不定式作结果状语时的区别应引起足够重视。批语非谓语动词中的现在分词和过去分词都不能作目的状语。即时训练1单句填空1To_catch (catch) the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.2To_be (be) an effective learner, you must have good study strategies.3To_do (do) the experiment, you need three things.4To_learn (learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.语法二结果状语从句基本用法结果状语从句用来补充说明主句中谓语的动作发生的结果，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。结果状语从句一般放在句末，通常由so, so that, so. that., such. that.引导。本模块主要学习由so. that.和such. that.引导的结果状语从句。1soadj./adv.that.和soadj.a/an可数名词单数that.结构They played so happily that they forgot the time.他们玩得如此愉快以至于忘了时间。He is so good a boy that we all like him.他是如此好的一个男孩以至于我们都喜欢他。特别提醒当名词前有表示“多、少”概念的many, much, few, little时，其前用so修饰(若little意为“小”，则用such修饰)。I have so little money that I have to find another job.我的钱如此少以至于我不得不再找份工作。There were so many interesting books that I didnt know which to choose.有那么多有趣的书，我不知道该选哪本了。2.sucha/anadj.可数名词单数that.和suchadj.可数名词复数/不可数名词that.结构This is such an interesting book that I like to read it.这是一本如此有趣的书以至于我很喜欢读它。Its such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park.天气如此之好，以至于我们都想去公园。特别提醒1so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时，相当于in order that，且从句中常有may, might, can, could, would等情态动词。He got up early so that he could get to school on time.他起得很早，以便能准时到校。2倒装结构：为强调so. that.结构中的形容词或副词，可以把so放在句首，主句用部分倒装结构。So excited was he that he couldnt fall asleep the whole night.他兴奋得整夜无法入眠。So loudly did he speak that everyone heard him clearly.他说话声音很大，每个人都听得清楚。考情分析状语从句包括时间、地点、条件、让步、原因、目的和结果状语从句。高考中状语从句的考查主要集中在对连词的含义及其用法的掌握上，并能区别一些连词。同时注重考查状语从句的时态和省略。考查不同的连词在不同的语境中所表示的不同意义也是重点。当然，结果状语从句是考点之一，该考点的难点是正确判断so. that. 和such. that. 结构的区别以及so和such的选择。高考佳句Natalies school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn. Natalie的学校损毁如此严重，她只能暂时上布鲁克林的学校。即时训练2单句填空1People in ancient times set down a series of important events so that we now have what is called history.2Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me.3They had so much difficulty in keeping in touch with each other that they decided to move to the same city.4So hot was it that all went swimming.5There was so little water left that only children were given some.用so或such完成句子1It is such fine weather that we all went for an outing.2They were such addictive drugs that drug users couldnt stop using them.3He is such a little boy that he cant dress himself.4The man was so poor that he couldnt afford the big house.5There were so many beautiful things that we didnt know which one to choose.6They are such good villagers that we get on well with them.7He is such a nice boy that people all like him.8He is so nice a boy that we all like him.9We made so few mistakes that we were praised by our teacher.10He was late for school again so that he was scolded by the teacher.用所给动词的适当形式填空1Im proud to_learn (learn) that Shenzhou IX was sent up into space successfully.2He hurried to the supermarket, only to_find (find) the milk had been sold out.3I ran so as not_to_be (be) late for the important meeting.4To_know (know) more information about the product, you can call me at any time.5The reporter hurried to the restaurant, only to_be_told (tell) the star had left.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。One year, our son Jay, 1._ was six years old, asked for a new sound system. “Please bring me a new stereo (立体声音响) so I dont have to listen to my dads old music，” he told the shops Santa. His mother and I knew 2._ to do next.3_ Christmas Eve, we asked Jay to sleep in our bed at the back of the house, where the sound of Santa wouldnt wake 4._. I spent the whole night putting together that stereo in the spare bedroom.At one point, I took a break to move Jay from our bed to his he was afraid that Santa might think he wasnt home and would forget 5._ (leave) presents. He moved a bit while I carried him 6._ never opened his eyes. At last, I 7._ (finish) the stereo and put it by the tree. Robin and I fell 8._ (sleep) early that Christmas morning, filled with 9._ (satisfy). At 7 am, Jay woke us up and led us to the Christmas tree in the hall. He fell in love with 10._ sound system.1答案与解析：who设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Jay，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词who。2答案与解析：what此处表示“听到我儿子对商店里的圣诞老人索要礼物后，他妈妈和我就知道接下来该做什么了”。what引导宾语从句。3答案与解析：On在具体时间前需用介词on。on Christmas Eve意为“在圣诞前夜”。4答案与解析：him此处指代Jay作宾语，him符合语境。5答案与解析：to leaveforget to do sth.意为“忘记去做某事”；forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事”。此处指他担心圣诞老人会忘记给他送礼物，所以用不定式形式。6答案与解析：but根据句意可知此处表示转折语气，故用并列连词but。7答案与解析：finished根据语境可知此处是在讲述发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。8答案与解析：asleep此处fall为系动词，故设空处需用形容词作表语。fall asleep意为“入睡”。9答案与解析：satisfactionwith为介词，后需用名词形式作宾语。satisfaction为名词，意为“满足；满意”。10答案与解析：the此处特指上文提到的音响设备，故用定冠词the。 课时作业(五)Module 2Section Grammar.单词拼写1I buy a new lock as an additional insurance against burglary (盗窃)2Dont take him for a friend. He is nothing but a criminal (罪犯)3Its illegal (违法) to read peoples private letters without permission.4After a course of treatment (治疗) she became herself again.5Todays weather forecast says that it is likely (可能) to be fine tomorrow.6Small children dont like books that are intended for adults (成年人)7There are many others besides me who disagree (不同意) with what you say.8I think smoking should be totally banned (禁止) in the office.9The medicine was so horrible (难吃) that I could hardly get it down.10If a war breaks out, many other countries will be affected (影响).完成句子1The teacher came in, followed_by_his_students (后面跟着他的学生们)2The teacher came in, following_his_students (跟在他的学生们的后面)3Ive brought this dictionary for_you_to_use (让你用)4In_order_to_see_better (为了看得更清楚些), we stood up.5The teacher spoke slowly so_that_the_students_could_understand_her (为了学生能够明白她)6He worked very hard in_order_not_to_(so_as_not_to)_make_his_parents_angry (为了不让他的父母生气)7This is such_an_interesting_film_(so_interesting_a_film) (如此有趣的一部电影) that all the children like it.阅读理解Competition in the Olympics should be between athletes who use their own strength or speed. If some athletes dont follow the rules, it ruins the fun for everyone connected with the game. It also gives an extremely unfair advantage to athletes using drugs. So I think athletes should be tested for drugs.Jim from AtlantaDrug use among top athletes has long been a problem. Without drug tests, the Olympics would be about who uses the most drugs，not who trains the hardest and has the most athletic skills. Also drugs do harm to peoples health and sometimes even kill people.David from Houston Why should athletes be allowed to compete when its not really they who are actually competing? Its the drugs that do all the work. Athletes_who_use_drugs_are_like_runners_with_roller_skates. Its cheating and irresponsible, which must be strictly forbidden. Its unfair to other competitors who dont use drugs.Bruce from Chicago Most sports athletes are held to a standard of being drugfree. Olympians should not be held any differently. They take part in highly competitive sports and win medals for their country. Testing the athletes for drugs must be done in every country and every sport. No drug test would be unfair to athletes who dont use drugs.Sam from Los Angeles Although popular opinion is against athletes using drugs, I believe drugs do help make the Olympic sports more wonderful. I enjoy seeing human beings achieving things that couldnt be done with normal conditioning. I enjoy seeing stronger, faster and longer performances by making good use of drugs, I dont see the necessity of drug tests.Jack from New York【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了几种关于奥运会选手是否应该接受兴奋剂检测的观点。1What does David think of drug use in the Olympics?AIts more common in top athletes than others.BIts a difficult problem to deal with.CIt helps improve athletes skills.DIts bad for athletes health. 答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Also drugs do harm to peoples health and sometimes even kill people”可知，David认为使用兴奋剂对健康有害，故选D。2What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggests?AUsing drugs is the same as cheating.BDrugs help athletes reach greater speed.CRunners should not be allowed to use drugs.DAthletes using drugs do not show their real ability.答案与解析：A句意猜测题。画线句子的字面意思为：使用兴奋剂的运动员就好比穿着旱冰鞋跑步的运动员。再根据该句后面的“Its cheating and irresponsible, which must be strictly forbidden”可知，画线句子的真正含义为：使用兴奋剂和作弊没什么两样，故选A。3What do Jims and Sams opinions have in common?ABoth mention the popularity of the Olympics.BBoth mention the fairness of the Olympics.CBoth mention the rules of the Olympics.DBoth mention the fun of the Olympics.答案与解析：B细节理解题。对比第一段中Jim的观点“It also gives an extremely unfair advantage to athletes using drugs”和第四段中Sam的观点“No drug test would be unfair to athletes who dont use drugs”可知，他们两人都提到了奥运会比赛的公平性问题，故选B。4The text is mainly written to _.A. call peoples attention to sports and drugsBwarn people of the bad influences of drug useCexplain why drugs should be forbidden in the OlympicsDdiscuss whether Olympic athletes should be tested for drugs答案与解析：D意图推断题。文中的五个人讨论了奥运会比赛期间运动员是否应该接受兴奋剂检测的问题，故D项符合题意。.完形填空When learning most things for the first time, it is important to be _1_ and understand that becoming good at something takes time. This is _2_ for sports, school subjects, and of course languages. When were small, we dont think about the _3_ of learning something new; we just go right ahead and do it, sometimes with funny results. One _4_ is when I was learning to paint. I was very small so the paint got everywhere. But _5_ getting angry, everybody would be patient with me, _6_ me and showing me the correct way to hold the paintbrush, and after some time I was able to paint _7_.This is an important _8_ to learn when we learn another language. Many people _9_ need one language, because their friends and family can speak the same language. As a _10_， when these people try to learn a new language, it is usually more difficult. This can be for a number of _11_. First, the best way to improve in anything is to have the chance to _12_. In the case of a language, this means having the chance to _13_ with speakers of the language they want to learn. If this chance is not there, it can _14_ the pace (速度) at which the language can be learned. Second, it is easier for the learner to lose interest because they have less chance to see their _15_. Without this ability to see how much improvement has taken place, it is _16_ for the learner to keep believing that development is happening.It is _17_ to learn something slowly, and then move at a pace which is _18_ for the individual (个别的) learner, than to rush into learning too fast. It is a _19_ I try to follow in my own teaching, and I hope my students benefit (得益) from a teaching method which _20_ them to learn at their own pace.【语篇解读】本文是议论文。作者通过自己小时候学画画的经历说明学习新东西不能急于求成，要有耐心。1A.patient BcarefulCexcited Dhonest答案与解析：A由本句中的“understand that becoming good at something takes time”可知，此处表示要有“耐心(patient)”。2A.funny BsimpleCtrue Ddifferent答案与解析：C由上文中的“learning most things for the first time”以及下文中的“This is an important.to learn when we learn another language”可知，学习运动、学校的科目以及语言的时候，也是如此(要有耐心)，故填true。3A.advantages BdifficultiesCpurpose Dpleasure答案与解析：B由“we just go right ahead and do it”可知，我们不会考虑学习新东西会遇到什么“困难(difficulties)”。4A.suggestion BquestionCidea Dexample答案与解析：D作者以自己小时候学画画的经历为例，说明学习新东西不能急于求成，要有耐心，故填example。5A.because of Bexcept forCinstead of Dalong with答案：C6A.promising BorderingCanswering Dencouraging答案与解析：D由本句中的“everybody would be patient with me”以及“showing me the correct way to hold the paintbrush”可知，大家“不会(instead of)”生气，他们对“我”很有耐心，“鼓励(encouraging)”“我”，教“我”如何正确握画笔。7A.naturally BproperlyCsuddenly Dprobably答案与解析：B由上文中的“I was very small so the paint got everywhere”以及“everybody would be patient with me. showing me the correct way to hold the paintbrush”可知，过了一段时间，“我”能够用正确的方法画画了。properly符合语境。8A.skill BfactClesson Dtask答案与解析：C作者以自己小时候学画画的经历为例，说明学习新东西不能急于求成，要有耐心。此处表示，当我们学习语言时，也要这样做，lesson符合语境。learn a lesson“吸取经验教训”。9A.still BonlyCeven Dalready答案与解析：B由“because their friends and family can speak the same language”可知，大多数人“只(only)”需要会讲一种语言。10A.result BwholeCpart Dmatter答案与解析：A“Many people.family can speak the same language”与“when these people try to learn a new language, it is usually more difficult”之间是因果关系，故填result。as a result“结果；因此”。11A.doubts BproblemsCinstructions Dreasons答案与解析：D下文具体描述为什么这些人在学习一门新的语言时，通常会更难，故填reasons。12A.change BaskCpractice Dchoose答案：C13A.agree BstudyCwork Dcommunicate答案：D14A.build up Bslow downCkeep Dreach答案与解析：B由作者小时候学画画的经历可知，不管学习什么，想要提高，最好的方法就是不断地“练习(practice)”，如果是学习语言的话，就要有机会和讲那种语言的人“交流(communicate)”。如果没有交流的机会，那语言习得的速度就会变得“缓慢(slow down)”。15A.ability BfutureCprogress Dinfluence答案：C16A.easy BimportantCpossible Dhard答案与解析：D由下文中的“Without this ability to see how much improvement has taken place”可知，学习者容易失去兴趣，因为他们没有机会看到自己的“进步(progress)”，也“难(hard)”以相信自己在进步。17A.better BstrangerCmore comfortable Dmore harmful答案与解析：A由本文主题和上下文语境可知，先慢慢学习新东西，然后以适合自己的速度学比急于求成要“好(better)”。18A.useful BrightCspecial Dnecessary答案与解析：B由上文中的“becoming good at something takes time”以及下文中的“learn at their own pace”可知，此处表示学习新东西时，不要急于求成，慢慢来，以“适合(right)”自己的速度进行。19A.decision BhobbyCjob Drule答案与解析：D设空处指代“learn something. and then move at a pace. for the individual. learning too fast”这一原则，rule符合语境。20A.allows BrequiresCinvites Dteaches答案与解析：A由第一段的描述以及“It is. I try to follow in my own teaching”可知，“我”希望自己的学生在这种能够“让(allows)”他们以自己的进度学习的教学方法中受益。.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Researchers at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine found that smokers were more than twice as likely to stop smoking 1._ (successful) if they received supportive texts from 2._ (they) friends and relatives.The study looked at nearly 6,000 participants who wanted to stop smoking. They were divided 3._two groups, with one group receiving the text messages,