2013 评注性副词.doc

他很聪明没去参加比赛他明显说谎了很不幸运的是没人看到他就我而言这是对的评注性状语，也叫观念附加语，它不是修饰谓语动词，而是对整个句子进行说明和解释，表明说话人的看法和态度。评注性状语不与它所评注的句子在结构上紧密结合，通常位于句首（间或位于句中或句尾），常用逗号与句子隔开。评注性状语一般有下列几种形式：评注性副词 可以代替分句，措辞很精炼逻辑连接性副词和评注性副词 逻辑连接副词和评注性副词的位置 这两类副词通常位于句首，有时也位于句中或句尾。 A)逻辑连接副词。例如： However, not everybody agreed. The composition is all right; there is room for improvement, however. B)评注性副词 表示推断。 例如： Rightly, he refused her offer. He wisely took his friends advice. 这类副词既修饰全句，也修饰主语，常用的有：artfully, cleverly, correctly, justly, incorrectly, reasonably, sensibly, unreasonably, shrewdly, unwisely, prudently, rightly, wisely 等。 C)评注性副词表示怀疑或不怀疑、真实或非真实。 例如： Obviously, he tried to tell the truth. He is undoubtedly the greatest musician of the country. She can possibly do it all by herself. Actually, he is an ideal teacher. 这类副词常用的有：likely, possibly, maybe, conceivably, reputedly, doubtless, seemingly, arguably, allegedly, supposedly, obviously, undoubtedly, plainly, clearly, manifestly, definitely, certainly, undeniably, decidedly, admittedly, actually, nominally, formally, officially, outwardly, superficially,ostensibly, fundamentally, essentially, basically, naturally 等。 D)评注性副词表示情感或方式。 例如： Confidentially, he is not qualified for the job. Unfortunately, it rained hard the whole day. Luckily, nobody saw her at the moment. 这类副词常用的有：briefly, seriously, honestly, frankly, flatly, candidly, truthfully, privately, bluntly, broadly, roughly, simply, confidentially, unfortunately, funnily, remarkably, curiously, amazingly, inevitably, unexpectedly, incredibly, regrettably, annoyingly, happily, sadly, luckily, tragically, understandably, preferably, amusingly, thankfully, conveniently, significantly, fortunately 等。 E)评注性副词表示方面。 例如： Personally, I dont like the book. Generally speaking, it is worth reading. 这类副词常用的有：personally, generally, literally, figuratively, technically, theoretically, financially, generally speaking, strictly speaking, broadly speaking 等。 4. 逻辑连接副词还有：otherwise, consequently, namely, accordingly, correspondingly, conversely, equally, furthermore, hence, meanwhile, moreover, nonetheless, overall, 等。Note: 1.有些评注性副词，既可以修饰句子，也可以修饰某一个具体的词，应加以区别。 例如： Clearly she didnt understand what you mean.（修饰整个句子） We could see the distant hills clearly.（修饰谓语动词） She naturally replied at once.（修饰整个句子）She replied naturally.（修饰谓语动词） 2.有些评注性副词位置不同，则含义不同。 比较： Actually, he did not know it.事