名词性从句用法归纳.doc

名词性从句用法归纳 Mar 3, 2011 名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。它们的作用相当于名词，因此为名词性从句。一. 主语从句 引导词：连词 that, whether; 连接代词 who / whoever，what / whatever， which ；连接副词 when, where, how, why。 1. That1) That computers have changed our life is clear to everyone.= Its clear to everyone that computers have changed our life.2) That children must go to school is accepted by us all.= Its accepted by us all that children must go to school.3) That you are from Tangshan can be judged from your accent.= It can be judged from your accent that you are from Tangshan.结论：that 无含义, 不做成分。 2. what1） What I cant understand is why he is often absent from school.2） What parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. (07 陕西 )3） What matters most in learning English is enough practice. (07 全国）结论：what “所的”，在从句中做成分。3. whatever 1) Whatever was said here must be kept a secret.2) Whatever David says sounds right to Helen.3) Whatever I may do is supported by my parents. 4. whoever1) Whoever works hard is respected by others.2) Whoever breaks school rules will be punished.3) Whoever does so will regret later. 结论：whoever = anyone who5. 其他引导词：whether, who, which, when, where, how, why1) Whether the headmaster will support us is a problem.2) Who will be the next mayor is not our concern.3) Which class will be number one remains to be seen.4) When the wedding will be held is clear to everyone now.5) Where you were born is not important.6) How you dress reflects your personality.7) Why she dresses so beautifully is an open secret.6. 形式主语 主语从句放在句首，句子显得笨重时，一般将其后移，前面用it 做形式主语。常见句式：Its well-known thatIts clear / obvious / certain thatIts a fact / our hope thatIts said / hoped / believed / reported / thought thatIt happen / appear / seem that二. 宾语从句引导词:连词 that, whether, if连接代词 what /whatever; whoever / whomever; who; which连接副词 how, where, when, why 一) 重点词的用法1. what 1) Do what is right.2) A modern city has been built in what used to be a wasteland.3) After what seemed a long time, I opened my eyes and found myself in bed.进一步体会：1) The sun is just part of what we call the universe.2) The ancient Indians used to live in what is now part of the United States.3) Choosing the right dictionary depends on what you want to use it for. (07 江苏）4) You can only be sure of what you have at present; you cannot be sure of something you might get in the future. (07 安徽 )2. whoever, whomever 1) Give it to _ likes it. （whoever）2) I hate _ tells lies. (whoever)3) Leaders dislike _ doesnt obey them. (whoever)4) Sarah hopes to make friends with _ shares her interests.(whoever)5) Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales, please? (山东07）(whoever)6) Give it to _ you like. (whomever)结论：whoever = anyone who；whoever 在从句中作主语，whomever 在从句中作宾语。3. whatever She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do whatever it takes to save her life.The poor young man is ready to accept whatever help he can get.二) 特殊疑问句作宾语从句1. 放陈述句后 I know where the new Tangshan No. 1 High School lies. Some students dont understand why they are asked to wear school uniforms.2. 放一般疑问句后。主句常用谓语动词：ask, tell, know, remember May I ask where we have met before? Can you tell me what your name is? Do you know who I am? Do you still remember what we talked about?3. 主句是 do you think / suppose ? ( 你认为? )1) Who do you think is the tallest in our class? 2) How do you think he has won the womans heart ?3) How long do you think Steve will teach us?结论：特殊疑问句作宾语从句时, 主谓词序正常。三. 表语从句引导词：连词 that, whether, as if连接代词 who, what, which连接副词 when, where, how, why1. what He is no longer what he used to be. This is what we want.2. where1)Your bag is where you left it.2) This is where Li Dazhao was born.四. 同位语从句同位语从句放在某些名词后，说明名词的内容。常见名词 news, fact, hope, idea, truth 等。常用引导词：that, whether1) We expressed our hope that we could visit the country again.2) They are discussing the problem whether the work is worth doing. 注意：平时主要考查 that.分清定从和同位从:1) We heard the news _ our team had won the game. ( A；同位语从句 )2) The news _ he told us was exciting. ( C ; 定语从句) A. that B. which C. A & B结论：引导词that在定从中做成分，在同位从中不做成分。 五. whether 和 if 的用法1. 宾语从句中可互换， 但在discuss 后用whether. I dont know whether / if hell come. They are discussing whether they will buy another house.2. 主从，表从，同位从只用whether.1) Whether well be given a new uniform depends on the headmaster.2) The problem is whether our school has enough money.3) The