备战2020版高考英语每日一篇DAY05纽约收取交通拥挤费以解决所面临的问题（含解析）.docx

自主预习课前预 习区DAY 05 New Yorks Congestion-Pricing System Will Serve as Road Test for Other Cities 自主学习文本 自我思考问题 自行查阅资料 I. 写出下列词汇的汉语释义 （1）第一组形容词1个（adj.）：1. congested 拥挤的，挤满的（2）第二组动词6个（v.）：1. restore 恢复；修复，整修2. raise 提升，举起；增加，提高3. weigh认真考虑，权衡，斟酌4. oppose 反对（计划、政策等）5. approve 赞成，同意 6. target把作为攻击目标，把作为批评的对象；把对准（3）第三组名词9个（n.）：1. congestion（交通）拥塞，塞车 2. charge 收费，充电3. vehicle 交通工具，车辆4. expectation 预料，预期；期待 5. gridlock市区交通大堵塞 6. precedent 前例，先例7. conversation 交谈，谈话 8. legislator立法者9. decade 十年II. 词汇拓展积累1. congested adj. 拥挤的，挤满的 congestion n. （交通）拥塞，塞车 2. expectation n. 预料，预期；期待 expect v. 预料，预期，预计3. precedent n. 前例，先例 unprecedented adj. 前所未有的4. legislator n. 立法者 legislation n. 法规，法律 legislative adj. 立法的，制定法律的III. 重点短语英译汉1. Congestion-Pricing System拥堵收费系统 2. be set to do sth 准备做某事3. put in place 落实到位 4. a booming economy 繁荣的经济5. seal the deal 达成协议 6. pay a fee 支付费用7. a business district 商业区 8. mass transit system 大运量客运系统9. have nothing but除了别无所有10. pedestrian safety 行人安全11. raise funds 筹措资金 IV. 翻译下列句子 1. New York City is set to become the first big city in the country to put in place a charge on vehicles entering its most congested streets, and it took a booming economy, grinding traffic and a subway crisis to seal the deal.翻译：纽约市将成为美国第一个对进入其最拥挤街道的车辆实施收费的大城市，而促成这一决定的因素有三个：繁荣的经济、令人糟心的交通和危机重重的地铁系统。2. Drivers will pay a fee to enter a zone in Manhattans business district with the expectation it will reduce gridlock while raising billions of dollars needed to restore the citys struggling mass transit system.翻译：驾驶者要想进入曼哈顿商业区需要支付一笔费用，旨在缓解交通堵塞的同时，筹资数十亿美元用于修缮纽约令人糟心的公共运输系统。3. New York Citys experience will be an important precedent for the conversations happening in other U.S. cities. San Francisco and Los Angeles are weighing options for a similar system.翻译：纽约市的经验对于那些正在遭遇同样问题的其他城市来说是一个先例。旧金山和洛杉矶正在权衡准备建立类似的制度。4. New York is more than a decade behind major cities such as London and Stockholm, which have used so-called congestion pricing to reduce traffic while raising funds for public transit, bike lanes, pedestrian safety and roads.翻译：同伦敦和斯德哥尔摩等大城市相比，纽约已经落后了十多年。这些城市早已收了所谓的拥堵费，旨在缓解交通拥堵状况，同时筹集资金用于公共交通系统建设、自行车道建设、行人交通安全保障及道路修缮。你的感悟：05纽约收取交通拥挤费以解决所面临的问题课程导读“交通拥堵”总是出行者心头的永恒之痛，伦敦就在用交通拥挤附加费（London congestion charge）来解决交通污染问题。它已经实施16年了，是英国伦敦市政府针对汽车进入市内的额外收费，以针对繁忙时间的交通堵塞问题，并为伦敦市的交通基建提供资金。伦敦也成为欧洲首次对汽车进入市中心课税的城市。而最近，曾“荣获”全球第二大“堵城”的纽约也决定收取“拥堵费”，也就是向进入城市中心区的车辆收取拥堵税。该计划一方面希望缓解纽约的交通拥堵问题，同时也是为拥有百年历史的纽约地铁筹集修缮资金。但很多人对其作用也提出质疑，还有人认为这个方案只会加剧有刚性需求的人们的经济负担。虽然目前已有不少城市在“拥堵费”上取得成功，但其不确定性使得纽约这个新试点依然得接受时间的考验。本文节选自 The Wall Street Journal 文本难度：话题难度：New Yorks Congestion-Pricing System Will Serve as Road Test for Other CitiesNew York City is set to become the first big city in the country to put in place a charge on vehicles entering its most congested streets, and it took a booming economy, grinding traffic and a subway crisis to seal the deal.Drivers will pay a fee to enter a zone in Manhattans business district with the expectation it will reduce gridlock while raising billions of dollars needed to restore the citys struggling mass transit system.New York Citys experience will be an important precedent for the conversations happening in other U.S. cities. San Francisco and Los Angeles are weighing options for a similar system.Some legislators opposed the fee. Sen.（参议院缩写） Andrew Lanza questioned why legislators were asked to approve a charge without knowing how much people would pay. “This is a targeted tax on people who have nothing but the gall（怨恨） to travel within their own city,” he said.New York is more than a decade behind