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DSTWELLTESTINGTECHNOLOGYINTRODUCTION QiYanqiangOct 18th 2006 Content PartoneWhatisDST ParttwoPurposeofTestsPartthreeDifferentkindsofDSTtoolsPartfourMFETestingTechnology PartOne WhatisDST WhatisDST DSTmeans DrillStemTest simplysaythatadrillstemtestisatemporarycompletionmethodswherebythedesiredsectionoftheopenholeisisolated andrelievedofthemudcolumnpressurethroughthedrillpipe drillstem TypicalDSTdownholetoolsinclude MFE APR PCTandInflatabletesttool PartTwo PurposeofTests PurposeofTests Throughtests Wecan lDeterminethenatureofformationfluidslObtainrepresentativefluidsampleslInvestigatewellproductivitylEvaluatereservoirpressure permeability thicknessproduct skinfactorlIdentifyreservoirbarriersandlimits PurposeofTests continue Flowrates oil water andgas Pressureandtemperatures bottomhole wellhead separatorSamples oil water gas atmosphericandPVT PartThree DifferentKindsofDSTTools DifferentDSTTools 1 Since1970s therearemainlyfoursortsofDSTdownholetoolsintheworldlikeMFE APR PCTandInflatabletesttool NowwidelyusedtypicalDSTtoolsincluded MFE APR PCT howevertheInflatabletesttoolisseldomused 1 APR AnnulusPressureResponsiveToolManufacturedbyHalliburtonEnergyCompany USA FeaturesandBenefits DifferentDSTTools 2 FUL FLOtestingtool thatpermitspassageofwirelineorslicklinetoolsthroughitsfull openingboreforspecialoperationsEasyOperation Onlyapplyandreleasetheannuluspressuretoopenandclosethetoolinsteadoftoolstringreciprocating morereliableandsafer Suitableforacidizingorfracturingoperationduetodrastictemperaturechangeshavelittleeffectonthetool DifferentDSTTools 3 SuitablefortestinginthehighdeviatedwellsSuitableforusinginHTHPorhighflowrateoil gaswellsSuitableforusinginhighcontentofH2SorCO2wellsOnlyusedinthecasedwellsfrom5 to13 3 8 casing APRprimarydownholetools DifferentDSTTools 4 RD RuptureDisc SafetyCirculatingValveLPR NTesterValveRDSamplerRTTSsafetyjointFUL FLOHydraulicCirculatingValveRTTSPacker DifferentDSTTools 5 GaugeCarrierOMNIValve option SlipJoint option BIGJOHNHydraulicJarSpecifications Size O D 3 7 8 and5 I D 45mmand57mm DifferentDSTTools 6 2 InflatableTestToolThiskindoftoolismainlymanufacturedbyBakerHughesCompany USA FeaturesandBenefits Greaterexpansionandmuchlongersealinglengthwhencomparedtoconventionalcompressiontypepacker DifferentDSTTools 7 Conformstoirregularandout of roundholesSealsinwash out keyseatsandsoftformationsOnetripformoretestingzones MainlyusedinopenholewellsHigheroperationcostPrimarydownholetools DifferentDSTTools 8 ReverseCirculatingSubHydraulicShut inValveSamplerHydraulicJarSafetyJointInflationPumpScreenSub DifferentDSTTools 9 InflatableTopPackerPortCombinationSub PortSubPerforatedSpacingOutside InsideRecorderCarrierInflatableBottomPackerDragSpring AnchorShoeBypassPipe InflatableSinglePackerOpenholeTestingString Features UsedinopenholeMorecomplicatedoperationHigheroperationriskHighercost Features UsedinopenholeMorecomplicatedoperationHighestoperationriskHighercost InflatableStraddleOpenholeTestingString DifferentDSTTools 10 3 PCT PressureControlledTesterManufacturedbySchlumberger France ItsfeaturesandbenefitsarealmostsameasAPRtools Thistoolonlyprovideforinternal ownuse MFETestingTechnology PartFour 一 PrimaryDownholeTools MainMFEtools 1 MFEHydrostaticBiasP TPackerReversingCirculationValveSafetyJoint TRHydraulicJarOpenholeBypassOpenholePackerPerforatedAnchor MainMFEtools 2 MFEDownholeTools 1 MFE Multi flowEvaluator 多流测试器 TheMFEtoolisthemaindownholeflowcontrolvalve ItistheheartoftheMFEtestingtools Itisoperatedbypipereciprocationandrequiresweighttoopenthevalvesection Itincludesthreesections Indexsystem 换位机构 Hydraulicdelaysystem 液压延时机构 ValveandSamplersystem 测试阀及取样机构 PrincipleSchematic IndexSys HydraulicDelaySys SamplerSys continue IndexSystemSketch continue Theindexslotiscutonthesplinedmandrel andanindexpinonthesplinedsleevefitsintheslot Themandrelcanonlymoveupanddown thebearing supportedsleevecanonlyrotate Thefourmainpositionsonthemandrelare A runninginthehole orpickedupreadytoopen B openposition weightset C toolclosed stringpickedupandintension D intermediateclosed withweightontool continue Thehydraulicdelaysectionisbuiltsothatthemandrel attachedtoupperpartofstring canonlymovedownslowly relativetothehousing attachedtothelowerpartofthestringandthusthepacker Abrassvalveformsaverytightsealinsideahydraulicoilchamber andoilcanonlybypassaroundtheoutsideofthevalveslowly WORKINGPROCEDURE Aftersettingthepacker weightisthenappliedtothetools theMFEtoolstartsacontrolledmeteringinthehydraulicoilchamber ittakesapproximately1to5minuteswith20 000lb appliedbeforethetoolwillopen continue ThelastONEinchoftravel totaltravel10inches inthehydraulicoilchamberhasanincreasedinsidediameter andthereforeoiltransferisrapidinthislastsection Thiscausesthestringtodrop or freefall muchfasterthanbefore Anapparentsurfaceindicationisobservedthatthetoolhascycledintotheopenposition ThatistheMFEvalveisopened continue Toclosethetool thestringispickedup thenloweritincompressionagain thisdownwardmovementistimedelayed butnofreefalloccurs Also thereisnotimedelayinthehydraulicdelaysystemwhenpickingup Oiltransferfromthetoptothelowerchamberisrapid continue Toreopenthetool justneedpickupthestringandplaceintensiontoresettheweight Thisactionrealignsthesplinesontheinnersleeveandmandrel andthetoolmetersdowntofreefallandopenagain Astheoperatingstepsabove manytimesofopenandshut incanbeachieved continue continue continue Question What sthefunctionofthehydraulicdelaysection continue Answers 1 Toassurethepackercompletelysetbeforeopeningthetool 2 Easytoobserveanobvioussurface open indication sudden freefall 3 WhileRuninholeandencounterslightresistance theMFEtoolwillnotopenatthemoment SampleMandrel BiasArea HydrostaticPorts BiasMandrel AtmosphericChamber MFE Bias DiagramforHydrostaticBias ItconnectsdirectlyunderneaththeMFEtool BiasArea 0 5in2 1 0in2 2 0in2ToolSizes 3 3 4 and5 2 HydrostaticBias 液压锁紧接头 Thebiashastwokindsoffunctions Thedifferentialpressureactsonafixedareaofthemandrelinsidethetoolandcreatestwoopposingforces OneoftheopposingforcespushesuptoactontheMFEmandrel thisforcemustbeovercometoopentheMFEtool butwillhelppushuptocloseit Theopposingforcepushesdownonthebodyofthebiasandthusontothepacker Sokeepthepackerseat continue Onlysuitableforcasedholetests DifferentsizesofP Tpacker 5 5 1 2 7 9 5 8 13 3 8 etc 3 P TPacker PT或卡瓦封隔器 Function tosealbetweenannulusandformation thatistoisolatetheperforatedintervalfromkillingfluidandsupportstringweightThreemainsections BypassPackerelementsDragblockandslipassembly continue Thedragblockassemblyhasspring loadedfrictionpadsthatcontactthecasingwallwhilerunningintheholeandanannularfluidbypassunderneaththeelements AJ slotiscutonthemandrel theJ pinisfixedonthedragblockhousingandfitsintotheJ slot Whilesettingthepacker thedragblockcontactsthecasingwall Relativetothecasing thedragblockandJ pinarestationary itisthemandrelthatmoves continue Settingprocedure Pickstringup thismovestheJ pintothebottomoftheJ slot Turnstringonequarterofaturntotherightatthetool thismovesthepintothebottomofthesettingsideoftheJ slotReduceweightonthestring astheJ pinisnowonthesettingsideoftheJ slotandthemandrelcannowmovefurtherdownrelativetothedragblocks continue Releasethepacker Attheendofthetest justbypickingupthestring thebypassispulledopen pressureisequalized andonlymechanicalforcesmustbeovercometopullthepackerloose AmechanismisavailabletoautomaticallyplacetheJ pinbackintothesafetyposition continue Twodifferentsizesoftools 3 3 4 5 Duetoitsspecialthreads coarse itisfastertoopenthanotherthreads e g drillpipethreadsetc 4 SafetyJoint Function Tobeusedonlyifajarcannotpullstucktoolsloose Bymanipulatingthetoolstring usuallybyacombinationofreciprocationandrotation thesafetyjoint whichisbasicallytwounscrewedandtheupperpartofthestringremovedfromthewell continue hollowinside Asthebarhitsthebreak offplugs theyaresheared allowingannulus outsidetubingorDP totubing insidetubingorDP communication Break offreversingcirculationvalve 5 ReverseCirculatingValve Atendofthetest sufficientpressure insidetubing isappliedatthesurface withrigpumpsorcementunit toopenthetool andcommunicationisestablished Nominalburstpressureis1000psi continue Pump outreversingcirculationvalve Functions AttheendoftheDST thecontents oil waterandotherfluids insidethedrillstringarereversedouttometerformationfluidsproductionbeforepullingoutofthehole Tokillthewell AvoidfireontherigfloorandprotecttheenvironmentduringPOOH continue Types Differences Break offreversingcirculationvalve operatedbydroppingabarfromthesurfacetoshearsomehollowpinsPump outreversingcirculationvalve operatedbyinternalpumppressuretoopentherupturediscs continue Features TRmeanstime regulated toensurethejarissuitableforalltypesofwellsandrigs ithasanadjustablenutonthetopend Adjustthenuttochangethedistancethebrassvalvemovesintotheloweroilchamber Thefartherdownitgoesthelongerthehittingtimewillbe 6 TRHydraulicJar Functions Ifthestringbecomesstuck anoverpullisputonthestring andthemandrelmovesup Oiltransferfromtheuppertothelowerchamberisveryslowuntilthevalveleavesthesmallerinsidediameterofthelowerchamber Whenthisoccursthemandrelmovesupquicklyinside andashockisproducedupwardonthestucktools Thejarcanbeusedtoprovideanupstreamshocktohelppullthetoolsloose continue 7 OpenholePacker Features Onlysuitableforopenholetest Theopenholepackerprovidesasealbetweentheannulusandtheformation Sizes 3 3 4 4 3 4 6 5 8 8 5 8 continue Settingprocedure Alargerubberelementaroundamandrel therubberelement supperendisfreetomoveupanddownoverthemandrel Asthebottomoftheholeistagged themandrelstopsmoving stringweightabovethepackerpushestheelementdown expandingandmoldingitagainsttheopenholewall continue Highlights MetalcupTosupporttheelementwhilethepackersetting usuallyrequires15piecesofmetalcups thediameteroftheupper5pcsis6 35mmsmallerthantheholesizeandthediameterofthelower10pcsis12 7mmsmallerthantheholesize Element sselectionThediameteroftheELEMENTis20 25 4mmsmallerthanopenholesize oiltransferringonlyfrombottomtotop 8 SafetySeal Function WhenpickingupthestringtoopenandclosetheMFEtool thestringisputintension thereisatendencytopullthepackerlooseorphysicallypullitoutofthehole Topreventthis thesafetysealisruntokeepthepackerset Sizes 5 6 滑阀 continue Workingprocedure Whilesettingtheopenholepacker theouterhousingofthesafetysealpushesdownonthepackertoexpandtheelement Oiltransferringrapidlyfromtheloweroilchambertothetopoilchamberthroughthetwotransferports spoolvalveandcheckvalve withouttime delay continue OncetheMFEtoolopensandpressureinsidethestringdrops whilehydrostaticpressureintheannulusislagerthantheformationpressureinsidestring1 034Mpa thespoolvalveshiftsintothelockedpositionandrestrictsoiltransfertothelowerchamber WhentheMFEtooliscycledupintotension thepackerandthesafetysealarealsointension butthepackercannotbepulledfreebecausetheoilispreventedfrommovingtothelowerchamber Asthedifferencepressureatthetwosidesofthespoolvalvedisappears thespoolvalvereturnsitsoriginalpositionandthetransferportopensagain 9 OpenholeBypass Features Minimizesurgeandswabeffectswhiletrippingthestring Equalizepressureoverthepackerattheendofthetestandbeeasytoreleasethepacker continue Functions IthastwobypasssectionsandisscreweddirectlyunderneaththeMFEtool Themainbypassisusedforrunninginandpullingout theauxiliarybypassisopenonlywhilerunningin Thereisadelayincomingup similartoajar Thus whenthestringispulleduptocycletheMFEtool thebypassremainsclosed continue Question Whyaretheretwobypasssectionsandwhatisthemainfunctionofauxiliarybypass SomePicturesforMFEtools 二 MFE