外研中考情态动词讲解与练习(含答案.docx

此文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除中学情态动词讲解01.不能单独做谓语，必须与动词共同充当句子的谓语，无数的变化02情态动词的种类情态动词词义否定形式词义can能够，会cant不能，不会could能够，会couldnt不能，不会may可以must必须mustnt不允许，不能shall将，要should应该shouldnt不应该need需要neednt不必would将会，愿wouldnt不会，不愿03.情态动词的种类用法1.can和could的用法(1)can/could表示“能力;许可;可能性”等。could为can的过去式。如：Can I use your book?我可以用你的书吗?(2)can用在疑问句中，表示征求意见、请求许可，could用在疑问句中，比can 更委婉、客气，是一种礼貌的说法，并不表示过去时态，答语用can，而不能用could。Eg: -Could you tell me the way to the park?你能告诉我去公园的路吗?-Sorry. I cant. Im new here。不好意思，我不知道。我是新来的。（3）表推测Eg：Your mother cant be serious. You could be right，but I dont think you are.注意can和could只能用于现在时和过去时两种时态。另外，cant可表示否定推测。2.may和might的用法may/might意为“可以”，表示同意、许可或请求对方许可，也可表示祝愿。might 是may 的过去式，有两种用法：一种表示过去式;一种表示虚拟语气，使语气更加委婉、客气，或表示可能性更小。以may开头的一般疑问句，其否定回答用mustnt。Eg: May I use your book? 我可以用你用的书吗?He might be alive.他可能还活着。【注意】can和may都可以用来表示请求或允许，但may比can更正式，更客气。3.must和should(1)must意为“必须，应当”，含有一种命令的语气，比较生硬，不容商量。否定形式mustnt, 表示“不得”，“一定不要”。如：Eg:You mustnt drive after drinking。你绝不能酒后驾车。must与have to的区别：must表示说话人的主观意愿;have to 表示客观需要。回答由must引导的疑问句:肯定回答：Yes, must.如：-Must I go home now?-Yes, you must.否定回答：No，neednt./No，dont/doesnt have to.Eg：-Must I go home now?-No, youneednt.。must表推测，意为“想必;一定”，只用于肯定句中;表“推测”时，情态动词与动词原形，(常为be动词)连用，如：The man must be your teacher。那个人一定是你的老师。(2)should意为“应当，应该”，表示建议或劝告，语气比较委婉，客气。否定形式为shouldnt。Eg:You should get up early.You shouldnt eat too much sugar.4.will和would1）用于疑问句，表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问，用would比will更委婉，更客气。如：Will you please open the window？ Would you like some coffee?2）would表示建议“你愿意吗”-Would you like to go shopping with me?-Yes, Id love to. /Id love to. But Im busy now.注意区别Id like+n.我想要(接名词)如：Id like some water.Id like to+v.我想要做(接动词原形)如：Id like to go with Tom.5、shall用于第一人称 (I, we), 可以表示“将”和表示建议 “好吗?”eg：Where shall we have dinner?-Shall we go fishing?- All right. OK. Good idea.6.need1.在肯定句中，need为一般动词，具有人称及时态变化 不定式或名词作宾语He needs to come early.某物做主语The car needs to be cleaned=The car needs cleaning.2.否定句中，need与not连用，need为主动词 He need not go.=He doesnt need to go.3.疑问句中可做助动词也可以做动词 Does he need to go？=Need he go？4.didnt need to +动词原形 need not have + 过去分词情态动词专练I单项选择1._I try on that sweater?_It is just for showA Could; Yes, you can B Can: Sorry, you couldnt C Could: Sorry, you cant D Can; Yes, you could2.Must I dress up as the Monkey King?No, you_. You can choose whatever you likeA. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt3. _you come to my party on Sunday?Sorry, Im not available. I _study for the math testA Can: must B Must: can C Need; may D May; canrange n. 种类；范围4. Must I do the dishes now?-No, you_.A. mustnt B. neednt C may not D cant5.Whose is that red coat?It _be Johns. His is yellowA. must B. mustnt C. cant D can6. Must we finish the work today?_. We will have something else to do tomorrowA.B. n. 雌性的动（植）物；女人Yes. we can B No, we cant C Yes, we must D No, we neednt7. You _ tell anybody about this-its a secret. classical adj. 古典的；古典文艺的A can B must C. mustnt8. -Mum, _I visit the Science Museum tomorrow?tram n. （有轨）电车Im afraid you cant. It is closed on MondaysUnit 1A must B may C should9. Many people play with mobile phones all day instead ofseek vt. & vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；探索；reading books.Thats too bad. Everyone _ be a book loverrapids n. 急流Reading is more enjoyableA may B should C wouldmoustache n. 小胡子10.Who will give us the speech on public manners?Mr.Brown _, but Im not sureNetherlands n. 荷兰（西欧国家）A can B need C. must D might.用合适的情态动词填空1. As students, we_ obey the school rules2. Put on warm clothes. You _ feel cold later oncontradictory adj. 引起矛盾的；3.I think children _ really learn to respect their elders4. Children _ play near the street. Its dangerous.5.-Must I return the book tomorrow morning?N0. you _. You _ keep it for three days6.-Could I try on the jeans?Yes , you _7.You_ worry about him; he is not a child8. The black wallet _ be Jims, Toms or Johns. They all like the color9.The man you saw just now _ be Mr.Wang. He has gone to Beijing.10.It _ be Lucys book She likes this kind of books11. The coat _ be Tinas. Its too big for her.专项综合全练(三)情态动词专练1.C句意:- 我能试穿一下那件毛衣吗?抱歉,你不可以。它仅仅是用来展览的。根据“它仅仅是用来展的”可知,答语是不同意试穿,先排除A、D两项; could表示委婉客气地请求,答语常用can或cant故选C2.D对“ Must I .?”句型的否定回答用“No, you neednt/dont have to.”。故选D。3.A考查情态动词辨析。句意:-你周日可以来参加我的聚会吗?对不起,我没空,我必须为数学考试而学习。故选A。4. B mustnt禁止; neednt没必要;may not不可以;cant不可能。对“Must I .?”句型的否定回答用“No, you neednt”。故选B。5.C考查情态动词辨析。句意:那件红外套是谁的?它不可能是约翰的,他的是黄色的。 Mustnt表示禁止;can能,会;must意为“一定,肯定”,表示肯定的推测,只能用于肯定句中;cant意为“不可能”,表示否定的推测。由答语的后半句可知,那件红外套不可能是约翰的,故选C。6.C根据答语后一句“明天我们将有别的事情要做”可知,今天必须做完。7.C考查情态动词辨析。句意:关于这个,你不准告诉任何人它是个秘密。因为是秘密,所以不准告诉任何人。can能够;must必须; mustnt不准。故选C。8.B考查情态动词辨析。句意:妈妈,明天我可以参观科学博物馆吗?恐怕你不能,星期一它歇业。用情态动词may引导一般疑问句,表示征求对方的许可。故选B。9.B句意:许多人整天玩手