新世纪英语八年级第一学期U2L1知识点.doc

Unit Two Lesson One Visiting a British Family1. Western culture and customs 西方文化与风俗2. open the present in front of the visitor 当客人的面打开礼物3. giving a present to the host 給助人礼物4. try on the scarf 试戴围巾5. thank the visitor for the present 谢谢客人的礼物6. say how she likes it 说她有多么喜欢它7. shake hands with a foreign visitor 和外国客人握手8. put up a Chinese painting 挂一副中国画9. communicate with a local friend 可一个当地的朋友交流10. communicate with sb = keep in touch with sb 与某人交流11. be located in/at/on/to 位于，坐落于12. a traditional Chinese painting 一幅传统的中国画13. shake shook shaken 摇14. Its polite/impolite for sb. to do sth. 对某人而言做某事是礼貌的/无礼的15. be pleased with sth.=be satisfied with sth. 对满意16. be pleased to do sth. 对做满意17. give sb. a lecture 给某人做讲座 have a lecture 听讲座18. English-speaking countries/people 母语是英语的国家/母语是英语的人19. Its necessary/unnecessary for sb. to do sth. 对某人而言做某事是必须的/不必的20. receive a letter from sb= receive ones letter= hear from sb. 收到某人的信21. be busy doing sth.= be busy with sth. 忙着做某事22. in response to = in answer to 作为的答复23. be responsible for 对有责任24. be on ones study trip 在某人游学时25. your first visit to my family 你第一次到拜访我家26. show sb around sp 带领某人参观某地27. a bouquet of flowers 一束花28. a bottle of wine 一瓶酒29. a group of friends 一群朋友30. something Chinese like paper cutting, tea or silk scarves 有中国特色的东西比如剪纸、茶和丝质围巾31. arrive on time 准时到32. ought to have a good reason for being late 应该有迟到的充分理由33. decorare their flat 装修他们的公寓34. give sb sth as a present 给某人某物作为礼物35. potluck party 百乐餐36. communicate with sb. by letter 写信交流37. Id like you to meet sb./ Let me introduce you to sb./May I introduce you to sb.?38. Heres a present for you. 这是给你的礼物1. since引导的原因状语从句：（1）since prep. conj. 既然；由于（= now that = as），它引导的从句叫做原因状语从句。如： Eg. Since you know the importance of English, youd better learn it well. He will have a rest since he is tired.(2) 常见的句式有： Since you, youd better Since you, you should / ought to Since you, you will Since you, why not Since you, I advise you to(3) since和because的区别： Because引导直接原因；since引导间接原因，并常和提建议的主句连用。(4) 当since解释为“自从以来”时，它引导的是时间状语从句，时态为： 主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。2. 形式主语的句型：(1) 句型结构：Its + a. + (for sb.) + to do sth. 。其中，(for sb.) to do sth.是真正的主语， 而It只是一个形式上的主语。形式主语只能由It充当。 Eg. Its necessary for you to know something about Western culture and customs. Its polite to take a present for the host or hostess. Its best to arrive about ten or fifteen minutes after the stated time.(2) 形式主语句子的作用：将本来主语很长的句子进行调整，避免头重脚轻的感觉。 正常顺序的句子：To drink milk every day is necessary. To work out the problem is very difficult. 改成形式主语后的句子：Its necessary to drink milk every day. Its very difficult to work out the problem.(3) 形式主语的句型和另外一个句型的区别： 形式主语句型：Its + a. + for sb. + to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是怎么样的。 非形式主语句型：Its + a. + of sb. + to do sth. 某人做了某事真是太怎么样了。 判断用for还是用of的方法：将句中的sb.和a.拿出来组成sb. + be+ a. 的句子，如果句子的意思是符合原句意思的，那么就用of, 如果句意不符合原句意思，那么就用for