超级玛丽--Java课程设计

面向对象程序设计课程设计报告题 目： 超级玛丽软件的设计与实现 院 （系）： 信息科学与工程学院 专业班级： 计算机科学与技术1201班 学生姓名： 程伟 学 号： 20121183011 指导教师： 吴奕 20 14 年 12 月 29 日至20 15 年 1 月 9 日华中科技大学武昌分校制 面向对象程序设计 课程设计任务书一、设计（调查报告/论文）题目超级玛丽软件的设计与实现二、设计（调查报告/论文）主要内容内容：开发超级玛丽能够在场景中完成各种动作，并且有场景的切换功能。设计一个Mario类、一个场景类、以及敌人类、障碍物类。实现有一定的挑战的休闲单机小游戏。 基本功能与要求：设计一个超级玛丽游戏实现以下功能：1、 点击“空格”可以使游戏人物进行跳跃。2、 点击方向键左右可以使游戏人物前进或者后退。3、 设计障碍物，增加游戏的难度。4、 设计敌人类，增加游戏难度。5、 设计跳跃踩死敌人或者跳跃越过障碍物，保证可以正常前进。6、 保证通过所有障碍后可以通关。三、原始资料1.面向对象程序设计课程设计指导书2. 耿祥义JAVA大学实用教程北京：清华大学出版社，2009四、要求的设计（调查/论文）成果1.课程设计报告2.课程设计软件五、进程安排布置任务，查找资料、需求分析1天总体设计1天详细设计1.5天编制源程序实现3.5天测试与修改1天撰写课设报告2天六、主要参考资料1 张广彬. Java课程设计案例精编（第二版）.北京：清华大学出版社, 2011. 2 耿祥义. Java课程设计（第二版）.北京：清华大学出版社, 2008.3 耿祥义JAVA大学实用教程北京：清华大学出版社，20094 邹林达陈国君 Java2程序设计基础北京：清华大学出版社，20105 邹林达Java2程序设计基础实验指导北京：清华大学，2010指导教师（签名）： 20 年 月 日目录1需求与总体设计51.1需求分析51.2程序功能图51.3程序类图62详细设计72.1 MyFrame实现72.1.1窗体对象的序列图72.1.2 Myframe详细类图82.2 Mario实现82.2.1 Mario对象的序列图82.2.2 Mario类图92.3 Enemy类的实现102.4 Obstruction类的实现112.5 BackGround类实现113编码实现123.1 MyFrame类的详细代码123.2 BackGround类的详细代码133.3 Mario类的详细代码163.4 Enemy类的详细代码243.5 Obstruction类的详细代码314系统测试334.1 游戏开始界面的测试334.2 游戏运行的测试334.3 排除错误的处理36总 结37 1需求与总体设计1.1需求分析提供一个友好的用户交互界面，简单明了容易操作。并且游戏有一定的难度和娱乐性。开发一个Mario类。一个场景类，以及敌人类，障碍物类。让超级玛丽能够在场景中完成各种动作。并且有场景的切换等等功能。游戏中设计了一些很有意思的陷阱，玩家一步小心掉入陷阱，超级玛丽就会死亡。这样会给人意想不到的惊奇，达到娱乐大众，增加游戏难度的效果。游戏的设计匠心独具，并且都经过了各种测试，除了为玩家增加一些意想不到的游戏陷阱以外，还必须保证玩家能够通关。1.2程序功能图如图1所示：图11.3程序类图系统的整体类图的框架如图2所示。首先是窗体类。他需要调用到Mario和BackGround类中的方法。以便动态的显示Mario类和BackGround。而BackGround里面又包含了Enemy和Obstruction。Enemy，Obstruction和Mario类又调用静态类StaticValue的方法，用以显示真实的图片。而StaticValue则是一个静态类，将存储在硬盘的图片资源加载进入内存以便其他模块调用。图22详细设计2.1 MyFrame实现2.1.1窗体对象的序列图窗体对象继承了JFrame类并且实现了Runnable接口。作为窗体对象，它首先显示窗体，绘制背景。然后启动线程。在run方法里面动态得绘制窗体中需要显示的Mario的图片，障碍物的图片，敌人的图片。该窗体的run方法是一个死循环，每次执行一个 循环调用sleep方法睡眠50毫秒。序列图如图3所示。图32.1.2 Myframe详细类图private Mario mario;/Mario对象private boolean isStart = false;/标识游戏是否已经开始this.paintAllEnemys(g2);/绘制所有的敌人this.paintAllObstruction(g2);/绘制所有障碍物2.2 Mario实现2.2.1 Mario对象的序列图因为需要有一个专门的线程来实时监测Mario的移动状况，和障碍物和敌人的碰撞情况。所以让Mario类继承了Runnable接口。Mario先启动线程。该线程的run方法也是一个死循环。首先根据Mario的状态changeMarioImage方法修改Mario的显示图片。再根据Mario的determinexy方法决定Mario的移动。然后通过deterMarioWithObstruction方法检测Mario和障碍物之间的碰撞，在根据marioTouchEnemys方法检测Mario和敌人之间的碰撞。然后调用sleep()方法让线程休息5毫秒。如此结束一个循环。序列图如图4所示。图42.2.2 Mario类图类图中：private int x;/Mario的x坐标private int y;/Mario的y坐标private int life;/Mario的生命BackGround bg = null;/Mario所在的背景private int uptime;/Mario的上升时间String status;/Mario的移动状态int score;/Mario的分数Thread t;/Mario的线程int xmove;/Mario的x移动距离int ymove;/Mario的y移动距离private boolean isClear = false;/标识用户是否通关。isClear为true时代表用户通关了2.3 Enemy类的实现private int x;/敌人的x坐标private int y;/敌人的y坐标private int startX;/敌人的初始x坐标private int startY;/敌人的初始y坐标private boolean startIsLeftOrUp;/敌人初始的移动方向private int startImageType;/初始的显示图片private int type;/敌人的类型1代表蘑菇，2代表食人花，3代表乌龟private BufferedImage bufferedImage;private BackGround bg;/障碍物所在的背景private int imageType;/移动的极限范围详细类图如下：2.4 Obstruction类的实现private int x;/障碍物的x坐标private int y;/障碍物的y坐标private BufferedImage showImage = null;/障碍物的显示图片private int type;/障碍物的类型private int startType;/障碍物的初始类型private BackGround bg;/标识该障碍物在哪一个场景中详细类图如下：2.5 BackGround类实现private int sort;/背景的序列号private boolean flag;/标识是否是最后一张图片，flag为true时代表到了最后一张图片private boolean isOver = false;/标识游戏是否已经结束private boolean isDown = false;/标志是否降旗结束详细类图如下：3编码实现源代码import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.awt.Graphics;import java.awt.Toolkit;import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;import java.awt.event.KeyListener;import java.util.Iterator;import javax.swing.JFrame;import javax.swing.JOptionPane;import java.io.File;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;public class MyFrame extends JFrame implements KeyListener,Runnablepublic static void main(String args)new MyFrame();private List allBg = new ArrayList();/当前背景private BackGround nowBg = null;private Mario mario;/Mario对象private boolean isStart = false;/标识游戏是否已经开始public void setNowBg(BackGround nowBg) this.nowBg = nowBg;private Thread t;/* */public MyFrame()this.setSize(900,600);this.setTitle(马里奥游戏);this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);int width = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().width;int height = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().height;this.setLocation(width - 900) / 2,(height - 600) / 2);this.addKeyListener(this);StaticValue.init();this.setVisible(true);/绘制出所有的背景for(int i = 1; i = 4; i+)this.allBg.add(new BackGround(i, i = 4 ? true : false);this.nowBg = this.allBg.get(0);this.mario = new Mario(0, 480);this.mario.setBg(nowBg);this.setResizable(false);t = new Thread(this);t.start();Overridepublic void paint(Graphics g)BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(900, 600, BufferedImage.TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR);if(isStart)Graphics g2 = image.getGraphics();g2.drawImage(this.nowBg.getBgImage(), 0, 0, this);/绘制背景g2.drawString(生命： + this.mario.getLife(), 800, 60);/显示生命数g2.drawString(分数： + this.mario.getScore(), 60, 60);/显示生命数this.paintAllEnemys(g2);/绘制所有的敌人this.paintAllObstruction(g2);/绘制所有障碍物elseGraphics g2 = image.getGraphics();g2.drawImage(StaticValue.startImage, 0, 0, this);/绘制游戏开始的图片g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, this);/* */Overridepublic void keyPressed(KeyEvent e)/int k = e.getKeyCode();/获得键盘的ASCII码/System.out.println(k);if(this.isStart)if(e.getKeyCode() = 39)this.mario.rightMove();if(e.getKeyCode() = 37)this.mario.leftMove();if(e.getKeyCode() = 32)this.mario.jump();/按下空格键，Mario的生命加10if(70 = e.getKeyCode()this.mario.setLife(this.mario.getLife() + 10);elseif(e.getKeyCode() = 32)this.isStart = true;this.nowBg.enemysStartMove();/* */Overridepublic void keyReleased(KeyEvent e)if(e.getKeyCode() = 39)this.mario.rightStop();if(e.getKeyCode() = 37)this.mario.leftStop();/* */Overridepublic void keyTyped(KeyEvent e)/ TODO Auto-generated method stubOverridepublic void run()while(true)this.repaint();if(840 = this.mario.getX()oNewBackGround();/进入下一张图片if(this.mario.isClear()JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, 恭喜您通关了，敬请期待新的关卡);System.exit(0);if(this.mario.isDead()this.gameOver();/游戏结束this.sleep();/进入下一张图片private void intoNewBackGround()this.nowBg = this.allBg.get(this.nowBg.getSort();this.mario.setBg(this.nowBg);this.mario.setX(0);this.mario.setY(480);this.mario.setUptime(0);this.nowBg.enemysStartMove();/绘制所有的敌人private void paintAllEnemys(Graphics g2)Iterator iterEnemy = this.nowBg.getAllEnemy().iterator();while(iterEnemy.hasNext()Enemy e = iterEnemy.next();g2.drawImage(e.getBufferedImage(), e.getX(), e.getY(), this);/绘制所有障碍物private void paintAllObstruction(Graphics g2)Iterator iter = this.nowBg.getAllObstruction().iterator();while(iter.hasNext()Obstruction ob = iter.next();g2.drawImage(ob.getShowImage(), ob.getX(), ob.getY(), this);g2.drawImage(mario.getShowImage(), mario.getX(), mario.getY(), this);private void sleep()tryThread.sleep(20);catch (InterruptedException e)e.printStackTrace();/游戏结束private void gameOver()JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, 马里奥死亡);this.mario.setDead(false);System.exit(0);class BackGroundprivate BufferedImage bgImage = null;private int sort;/背景的序列号private boolean flag;/标识是否是最后一张图片，flag为true时代表到了最后一张图片private List allEnemy = new ArrayList();/所有敌人的集合/所有障碍物的集合private List allObstruction = new ArrayList();/所有被移除的敌人的集合private List removeEnemy = new ArrayList();/所有被移除的障碍物的集合private List removeObstruction = new ArrayList();private boolean isOver = false;/标识游戏是否已经结束private boolean isDown = false;/标志是否降旗结束public boolean isDown() return isDown;public void setDown(boolean isDown) this.isDown = isDown;public boolean isOver() return isOver;public void setOver(boolean isOver) this.isOver = isOver;public boolean isFlag() return flag;public void setFlag(boolean flag) this.flag = flag;public int getSort() return sort;public void setSort(int sort) this.sort = sort;public BufferedImage getBgImage()return bgImage;public List getAllObstruction()return allObstruction;public List getRemoveObstruction() return removeObstruction;public List getAllEnemy() return allEnemy;public List getRemoveEnemy() return removeEnemy;/* * * param sort背景的序列号 * param flag标识是否是最后一张背景 */public BackGround(int sort, boolean flag)this.sort = sort;this.flag = flag;if(flag)bgImage = StaticValue.endImage;elsebgImage = StaticValue.bgImage;switch(sort)case 1:this.creat1Map();break;case 2:this.creat2Map();break;case 3:this.creat3Map();break;case 4:this.creat4Map();break;public void reset()this.allEnemy.addAll(removeEnemy);for(int i = 0; i this.allEnemy.size(); +i)this.allEnemy.get(i).reSet();this.removeEnemy.clear();this.allObstruction.addAll(removeObstruction);for(int i = 0; i this.allObstruction.size(); +i)this.allObstruction.get(i).reset();this.removeObstruction.clear();public void enemysStartMove()for(int i =0; i this.allEnemy.size(); +i)this.allEnemy.get(i).starMove();/创建第一张图private void creat1Map()for(int i = 0; i 15; i+)/创建出所有地面this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(i * 60,540,9, this);/创建出所有砖块，10代表问好，0代表木块this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(120,300,10, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(60,300,10, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(0,300,10, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(300,360,0, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(360,360,10, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(420,360,0, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(480,360,10, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(540,360,0, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(420,180,10, this);/创建水管this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(660,540,6, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(720,540,7, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(660,480,4, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(720,480,5, this);/创建出所有的敌人，1代表三角菇，2代表食人花this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(600, 480, true, 1, this);this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(540, 300, true, 1, this);this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(480, 300, true, 1, this);this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(420, 300, true, 1, this);this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(360, 300, true, 1, this);this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(690, 540, true, 2, 540, 420, this);/创建第二张图private void creat2Map()for(int i = 0; i 15; i+)if(i != 10)this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(i * 60,540,9, this);/创建水管this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(60,540,6, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(120,540,7, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(60,480,6, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(120,480,7, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(60,420,4, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(120,420,5, this);/创建水管this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(240,540,6, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(300,540,7, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(240,480,6, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(300,480,7, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(240,420,6, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(300,420,7, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(240,360,4, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(300,360,5, this);/创建水管this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(720,540,6, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(780,540,7, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(720,480,6, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(780,480,7, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(720,420,6, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(780,420,7, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(720,360,4, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(780,360,5, this);/创建砖块for(int i = 0; i 6; +i)this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(360 + i * 60,360,3, this);/创建敌人this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(90, 480, true, 2, 480, 360, this);/食人花this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(270, 420, true, 2, 420, 300, this);/食人花this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(750, 420, true, 2, 420, 300, this);/食人花/创建第三张图private void creat3Map()for(int i = 0; i 15; i+)/创建出所有地面this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(i * 60,540,9, this);/创建砖块this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(60, 360, 0, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(120, 360, 0, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(180, 360, 0, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(360, 360, 10, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(360, 180, 3, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(420, 180, 3, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(540, 360, 10, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(540, 180, 10, this);this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(720, 360, 10, this);/创建敌人this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(840, 480, true, 3, 4, this);this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(540, 480, true, 3, this);this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(840, 480, true, 1, this);this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(780, 480, true, 1, this);this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(720, 480, true, 1, this);this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(660, 360, true, 1, this);this.allEnemy.add(new Enemy(600, 360, true, 1, this);private void creat4Map()for(int i = 0; i 15; i+)/创建出所有地面this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(i * 60,540,9, this);/绘制旗子this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(550, 190, 11, this);/绘制旗子下面的砖块this.allObstruction.add(new Obstruction(520,480,2, this); class Enemy implements Runnable private int x;/敌人的x坐标private int y;/敌人的y坐标private int startX;/敌人的初始x坐标private int startY;/敌人的初始y坐标private boolean startIsLeftOrUp;/敌人初始的移动方向private int startImageType;/初始的显示图片private int type;/敌人的类型1代表蘑菇，2代表食人花，3代表乌龟private BufferedImage bufferedImage;private BackGround bg;/障碍物所在的背景/敌人的显示图片，不同的type代表不同的敌人显示图片，通过显示图片的切换，达到动态的效果private int imageType;/移动的极限范围private int upMax;private int downMax;private boolean isLeftOrUP;Thread t = new Thread(this);/普通敌人的构造方法，加入显示图片参数public Enemy(int x, int y, boolean isLeft, int type, int imageType, BackGround bg)this.x = x;this.y = y;this.startX = x;this.startY = y;this.isLeftOrUP = isLeft;this.startIsLeftOrUp = isLeft;this.type = type;this.bg = bg;this.imageType = imageType;this.startImageType = imageType;switch(type)case 1:/蘑菇/取蘑菇的图片this.bufferedImage = StaticValue.allTriangleImage.get(0);break;case 3:/乌龟this.bufferedImage = StaticValue.allTurtleImage.get(0);break;t.start();/启动线程t.suspend();/抑制线程启动/普通敌人的构造方法public Enemy(int x, int y, boolean isLeft, int type, BackGround bg)this.x = x;this.y = y;this.startX = x;this.startY = y;this.isLeftOrUP = isLeft;this.startIsLeftOrUp = isLeft;this.type = type;this.bg = bg;switch(type)case 1:/蘑菇/取蘑菇的图片this.bufferedImage = StaticValue.allTriangleImage.get(0);break;case 3:/乌龟this.bufferedImage = StaticValue.allTurtleImage.get(0);break;t.start();/启动线程t.suspend();/抑制线程启动/食