同位语从句-(共42张PPT).ppt

AppositiveClause Grammar Theideathatyouwouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting TheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedaysisjustwrong Thefactthatoceanshipscangotheresurprisesmanypeople 1 概念 在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句 2 功能 同位语从句对名词进一步解释 说明名词的具体内容 同位语从句 3 抽象名词 常跟的抽象名词有 4 连词 常用的连词有 fact idea opinion thought order doubt news hope truth belief suggestion advice view promise request proposal提议 建议 demand question等抽象名词 that whetherwho what whichwhen where why how 想一想 1 that whether 只起连接作用 不作成分 Thereisnodoubtthatthepriceofcarswillgodown Ihavesomedoubtwhetherhereallyknowsme Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople 2 连接代词who which what连接副词where when how why 引导词在从句中作成分 Thequestionwhoshouldgoabroadrequiresconsideration IhavenoideawhichoneIshouldchoose Ihavenoideawhereshecomesback Herefusedtoanswerthequestionhowhegotallhismoney 注意 1 为了保持句子平衡 同位语从句有时候被别的词把它和名词隔开 ThestorygoesthatWilliamkilledthetyrantwithanarrow Wordcamethatourteamhadwonthegame Suddenlythethoughtcametohimthathecouldgoblind 2 若被同位语说明的名词是表示建议 如advice suggestion proposal 要求 如demand request requirement 命令 如order 时 同位语从句中的谓语用 should 动词原型 Hemadethesuggestionthatwe should startatonce Soonwereceivedtheorderthatwe should stopfightingatonce 大家注意啦 同位语从句与定语从句区别 Hetoldmethenewsthathewouldcomehomefromabroadsoon Hetoldmethenewsthatheheardontheradiothedaybefore 定语从句 同位语从句 辨析 定语从句是从句对其先行词或前面整个句子的修饰或限制 属于形容词性从句的范畴 而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释 属于名词性从句的范畴 Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的 同位语从句 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息 that不可代替 一般不省略 Thenewsthathadspreadallovertheworldmadethemanfamous 那个已经传遍全世界的消息使得那个人出名了 定语从句 news在从句中作hadspread的主语 that很多时候可以用which who whom等来代替 作宾语时可省略 如下 Hetoldmethenews that heheardontheradiothedaybefore 辨析 TheyexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain Thehope that sheexpressedisthattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain Let shaveatryatonce同从 定从 同位语从句 theywouldcometovisitChina对hope进行具体的说明 定语从句 hope充当express的宾语 Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday 同位语从句 是对order的具体解释 that虽不作成分 但不能省略 Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups 定语从句 是名词order的修饰语 that在从句中作received的宾语 可以省略 引导词that引导定语从句时 在从句中一般作主语或宾语 指物时还可以用which代替 并且作宾语时常常省略 that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用 不充当任何成分 并且不能省略 也不能用which来代替 如 一起小结that 有些词如可以引导同位语从句 但不能引导定语从句 如 Thatquestionwhetherweneedithasnotbeenconsidered 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑 whether how what Theorderwhenweshouldreturnhasn treachus 我们什么时候应该返回的命令还没到 ThedaywhenNewChinawasfoundedwillneverbeforgotten 新中国成立的那天永远不会被忘记 同位语从句 定语从句 同是副词引导的同从 定从 同位语从句的简易判断法 名词 同位语从句 be Thenewsthatwewonthematchistrue 可改为 Thenewsisthatwewonthematch Thenewsthatyouhaveheardistrue 若改为 Thenewsisthatyouhaveheard 若能构成一个完整的 符合逻辑的新句子 就是同位语从句 II 判断下列哪些含有同位语从句 哪些含有定语从句 Thenewsthatwehadsuccessfullysentupanothercommunicationsatellitespreadthroughouttheworld That sthebestpieceofnewsI veheard 同 定 Isthereanyhopethathewillbehomeat7 I venohopethatmyparentshavebeenexpectingtome 同 定 Thepossibilitythatyoureferredtodoesn texistatall ThereisastrongpossibilitythatwemaybeinFranceforthenextweek 同 定 I 在空格处填上适当的词 使下列定语从句和同位语从句完整 Thenewswasveryexciting ourclasshadwonthefootballmatch Thisisthemountainvillage Istayedlastyear 3 Thepersonto youspokeisafamousactor where 练习坊 that whom 4 Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion allmatterconsistsofatoms 5 ThehopesheexpressedisthattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain that that 6 Thisisouronlyrequest this should besettledassoonaspossible 7 Allagreedtohissuggestion abridgeacrosstheriver should bebuilt that that 例6和7中使用了虚拟语气 其中should可以省略 出现名词suggestion advice order request require proposal等时 例题6和7有什么特点 bebuilt should besettled should 1 Thefact sheworkshardiswellknowntousall A thatB whatC whyD which2 Thefact hewassuccessfulproveshisability A thatB whatC whichD why A A 练一练 3 Thenews hewaskidnappedsurprisedusgreatly A whatB thatC whyD when4 Hissuggestion themeetingbedelayedwasturneddown A whichB thatC D it B B 5 Ihavenoidea hewillstart A whenB thatC whatD 6 I vecomefromthegovernmentwithamessage themeetingwon tbeheldtomorrow A ifB thatC whetherD which B A 7 Thethought hemightfailintheexamworriedhim A whenB whichC whatD that8 Theorder theprisonerbesetfreearrivedtoolate A whichB whetherC thatD what D C 9 Thenursesaretryingtheirbesttoreducethepatient sfear hewoulddieofthedisease A thatB asC ofwhichD which A 10 Heoftenaskedmethequestion theworkwasworthdoing A whetherB whereC thatD when11 Theotherday mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed A asB whichC whatD that A B 11 Alongwiththeletterwashispromise hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas A whichB thatC whatD whether B 13 Luckily we dbroughtaroadmapwithout wewouldhavelostourway A itB thatC thisD which14 Doyouhaveanyidea isactuallygoingonintheclassroom A thatB whatC asD which D B 15 Oneofthemenheldtheview thebooksaidwasright A thatB whatthatC thatwhatD whether that引导同位语从句 补充说明view what引导主语从句并在同位语从句中作主语 C 16 Astorygoes ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt A whenB whereC whatD that D 17 Alongwiththeletterwashispromise hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas A whichB thatC whatD whether B 18 Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars roadconditionsneed A that tobeimprovedB which tobeimprovedC where improvingD when improving A 19 Thereisafeelinginme we llneverknowwhataUFOis notnever A thatB whichC ofwhichD what A 20 Ihavenoidea wecanspendourholiday A whereB whichC thatD what A 21 Thenews hetoldusyesterdayisnottrue butthenews ourteamhaswonthematchistrue A thatB that C that whichD that who A 22 Thequestionoccurredtome thebookwasworthreading A whatB whether