2015届高考英语二轮专题精品复习资料系列专题五 短文改错.doc

专题五 短文改错高考英语短文改错涉及词汇、语法、句型结构等方面的知识和逻辑推断和综合辨析，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。短文改错以记叙文为主，题材和语言符合中学生实际；句子结构由以简单句为主逐渐过渡到以复合句和并列句为主。学生在平时写作中常出现的错误是短文改错考查的重点。五年高考课标卷短文改错考点分布统计表考点题量年份动词名词连词形容词副词代词冠词介词2010课标221101122011课标311011122012课标310113012013课标212021112014课标11033011一、短文改错解题步骤1从语篇入手，理解文章大意短文改错不是单句改错，每一句的语意表达、结构选择是受上下文制约的。如谓语动词时态的选择，代词的指代功能等都要依照上下文的线索进行判断。因此，考生应立足于上下文，正确理解作者意图，把握短文的题材，从整体上把握全文。2在理解大意的基础上，审查句子结构通读全文，了解文章大意、写作方式之后，应把主要注意力放在句子层次上，判断句子的表达是否符合行文逻辑，是否符合语法规范。从历年高考题来看，短文改错绝大多数题目还是句子层次的问题，侧重语言的准确性，所以，对句子结构正确与否的审查是关键的一步。3从语法结构入手，进行语法改错在正误判断的基础上，根据语法规则改正句子中的错误之处。改错时应注意改错设计规律，如：有一项正确，九项错误；每一行只有一个错误；改动之处只能有一个词，或删掉或增词，或修改。4通读全文错误改完之后要通读全文，以检查改错过程中是否有因上下文制约疏忽导致的误改。二、短文改错解题技巧1正确理解做题要求，搞清楚改什么(改动一个单词，不是两个，也不是改标点符号)，怎么改(删除、补漏、纠错)。答卷一定要规范，各种符号不能缺少，形式和位置要正确。2短文改错以句为单位设置错误。3并非每句都有错，但若做题结果为多句无错，则说明可能有未被发现的错误，需进一步查找。4拼写错误考点已被取消，不要把注意力用在寻找拼错的单词上，但应注意名词的单复数形式是否有问题。5短文改错有别于单句改错，要重视文章的整体内容和前后照应。既要从单句入手检查语言错误，又要从全文着眼发现行文逻辑方面的问题。注意句与句之间的关系、前后文之间的联系和统一，这样才能将在单个句子中不易发现的错误，如连词运用不当、人称混乱、前后矛盾等问题全部找出来，进行全面改正。6答题时，不仅要注意语法和用词方面的错误，还要注意篇章结构方面的错误。在不少情况下，判断是否有错误不能只看某个词语本身，甚至不能只看某个句子本身，而要弄清文章的含义及内在的逻辑关系等，再根据上下文去判断。7要在弄清整篇内容的基础上，逐句寻查错误。可着重注意以下几个方面：(1)看句子结构是否完整；(2)看文中的习惯用法、固定搭配是否正确；(3)看上下文的逻辑是否合理；(4)看主谓是否一致，时态是否正确，冠词、代词、连词、关系代词和关系副词、名词的数和格、介词、形容词、副词使用是否得当。8短文改错题集多项语法规则和多种语言技能于一身，在约100个词的短文中任何一处都可能出现错误。因此，解题时要力求判断准确，不要在本来正确的地方随意改动。(2014高考新课标全国卷) Nearly five years before，and with the help by our father，my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.Since thenfor all these yearwe had been allowing tomatoes to selfseed where they please.As result，the plants are growing somewhere.The fruits are small in size，but juicy and taste.There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year，but we have never had any disease or insect attack problem.We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost! 答案1第一句：beforeago此处讲述的是过去发生的事情，和一般过去时连用的应是ago，before常和完成时连用。2第一句：byof with the help of.在的帮助下，为固定短语。3第二句：yearyears句中year是可数名词，前面的these应修饰复数形式的名词。4第二句：hadhave时间状语since then通常和现在完成时连用，而不是过去完成时。5第三句：在result前加aas a result结果，为固定短语。6第三句：somewhereeverywhere根据句意可知此处表示“圣女果到处生长”，所以用everywhere。7第四句：tastetasty本句中small，juicy和tasty是并列的表语，所以要用形容词。8第五句：muchmany根据前面的be动词are和后面的them可知应是代替可数名词复数的many。9第六句：删掉but或butyet引导让步状语从句的although不能和连词but连用，但是可以和副词yet连用。所以可以删掉but，也可以把but改为yet。10第七句：wonderfullywonderful修饰名词时应用形容词。A(2014太原二模)Dear Mr.Johnson，Ive learned from a newspaper that some clerks were wanted in your company.I am eager to be one of them.So I am writing the letter.My name is Wang Ping.I was born Shanxi Province and Im in good healthy.Ive just graduated from the Physics Department of Shanxi University.Ive done well in all subject and Im especially good at computer studies and English.I can read science books in English and doing some writing in English as well.Besides，I know a few French.And in my spare time，I like to play the basketball very much.It is said that you company is very famous and is well managed.Ill be very glad whether I can work with you.Im looking forward to hear from you soon.Yours sincerely，Wang Ping答案：Dear Mr.Johnson，Ive learned from a newspaper that some clerks wanted in your company.I am eager to be one of them.So I am writing the letter.My name is Wang Ping.I was born Shanxi Province and Im in good .Ive just graduated from the Physics Department of Shanxi University.Ive done well in all and Im especially good at computer studies and English.I can read science books in English and some writing in English as well.Besides，I know a French.And in my spare time，I like to play basketball very much.It is said that company is very famous and is well managed.Ill be very glad I can work with you.Im looking forward to from you soon.Yours sincerely，Wang PingB(2014云南第二次复习统一检测)Yesterday afternoon，I fell illness all of a sudden.I was about to get up from the sofa while I felt dizzy as if everything were spinning around.Then my head ached a lot of.That is a kind of feeling you have when you get drunk.I go to the hospital nearby，where I was given a medical examination.To my relief，there was something seriously wrong with me.The doctor said the symptom was probably caused by too many pressure and tiredness.Now I think it necessarily to forget my work for little while.I need to taking some exercise every day and find ways to relax me.That really matters.答案：Yesterday afternoon，I fell all of a sudden.I was about to get up from the sofa I felt dizzy as if everything were spinning around.Then my head ached a lot .That is a kind of feeling you have when you get drunk.I to the hospital nearby，where I was given a medical examination.To my relief，there was seriously wrong with me.The doctor said the symptom was probably caused by too pressure and tiredness.Now I think it to forget my work for ) little while.I need to some exercise every day and find ways to relax / .That really matters.C(2014东北三省四市第二次联合考试)Travelled abroad，you should follow the customs of the country where you are visiting.When you invited，it is good manners to refuse or accept an invitation，either by writing or by telephoning.If you go to the party，it is polite to reach on time.It is good manners to shake hand with your host.You can take a present if you like，possibly a bottle of wine，a box of chocolates and some flowers.However，it was not bad manners to take nothing.It is not polite to stay too late before the other guests have gone.Also，it is suggested to write or telephone a day or two late to thank your host.答案： abroad，you should follow the customs of the country / you are visiting.When you ) invited，it is good manners to refuse or accept invitation，either by writing or by telephoning.If you go to the party，it is polite to on time.It is good manners to shake with your host.You can take a present if you like，possibly a bottle of wine，a box of chocolates some flowers.However，it not bad manners to take nothing.It is not polite to stay too late the other guests have gone.Also，it is suggested to write or telephone a day or two to thank your host.D(2014郑州第三次质量预测)The person who has taught me most about the life is my grandmother.She was more than just a grandmother to me.When she died a few years before，I felt I lost a really good friend.She always looked very nice on her age.She did everything she could make me feel at home.She was imaginative and would spend hours telling me stories she has made up.I am sure it was because of her which I became a story writer.Apart from kept a young boy enterained，she taught me a large number of important thing on how to behave.I was rather impatient when I was a child and she taught me that good things happened if I could wait for it.She was a positive person but she also taught me how to look for the good in everything.答案：The person who has taught me most about life is my grandmother.She was more than just a grandmother to me.When she died a few years ，I felt I lost a really good friend.She always looked very nice her age.She did everything she could make me feel at home.She was imaginative and would spend hours telling me stories she / made up.I am sure it was because of her I became a story writer.Apart from a young boy enterained，she taught me a large number of important on how to behave.I was rather impatient when I was a child and she taught me that good things happened if I could wait for .She was a positive person she also taught me how to look for the good in everything.专题强化训练短文改错(一)A(2014河北保定高三期末调研考试)Dear Mike，Thank you for your email.Id like tell you something about the English Club of our school.I am a member of the English Club，which is set up by the Student Union three years before.A lot of teachers and students who are interest in English will gather at the multimedia classroom in every Saturday afternoon.There we usually see English movie，learn to sing English songs but debate on hot topics.Through these activities，we can broaden us horizons and learn about west culture.Whatt more，we have great fun be together.The English Club is of great help to me in many ways.Li Hua答案：Dear Mike，Thank you for your email.Id like I am a member of the English Club，which set up by the Student Union three years .A lot of teachers and students who are in English will gather at the multimedia classroom every Saturday afternoon.There we usually see English ，learn to sing English songs debate on hot topics.Through these activities，we can broaden horizons and learn about culture.Whatt more，we have great fun together.The English Club is of great help to me in many ways.Li HuaB(2014黑龙江大庆三次调研)Today，my foreign teacher Tim and I went to the Peoples Park together.We take a taxi and it wasnt long before we arrived at the park.At seeing the green trees and beautiful flower，Tim couldnt wait to take pictures.It was at that moment when we found his camera was missing.He was very worried but searched all over his backpack.Sadly，he just couldnt find it.Suddenly it struck to me that he might have left it in the taxi.So I immediately got touch with the taxi company.About half an hour later，the driver returned the camera.Both of us were gratefully to the driver，and Tim，in particular，insisted on have a photo taken with him.Tim and I enjoyed themselves during the rest of the day.答案：Today，my foreign teacher Tim and I went to the Peoples Park together.We a taxi and it wasnt long before we arrived at the park. seeing the green trees and beautiful ，Tim couldnt wait to take pictures.It was at that moment we found his camera was missing.He was very worried searched all over his backpack.Sadly，he just couldnt find it.Suddenly it to me that he might have left it in the taxi.So I immediately got touch with the taxi company.About half an hour later，the driver returned the camera.Both of us were to the driver，and Tim，in particular，insisted on a photo taken with him.Tim and I enjoyed during the rest of the day.C(2014陕西一联)Dear Tim，I am Li Hua.This is my last year of high school，and Ill graduate this summer.Im eighteen year old.There is three people in my family and Im the only one child，who is very common in Chinese families.My father work in a factory and my mother is a teacher.We lived a happy life together.Im cheerful boy.Besides my courses，I have much hobbies，like playing football，basketball and swimming.In the past，I collected in a lot of stamps，which are very preciously now because we seldom post a letter nowadays.I wonder if you can tell me something about myself，your family and daily school.Best wishes，Li Hua答案：Dear Tim，I am Li Hua.This is my last year of high school，and Ill graduate this summer.Im eighteen old.There three people in my family and Im the only one child， is very common in Chinese families.My father in a factory and my mother is a teacher.We a happy life together.Im cheerful boy.Besides my courses，I have hobbies，like playing football，basketball and swimming.In the past，I collected a lot of stamps，which are very now because we seldom post a letter nowadays.I wonder if you can tell me something about ，your family and daily school.Best wishes，Li HuaD(2014河南南阳三次联考)Last summer I went to Xian with my parents.We had visited many places of interest as the temperature was over 38.Finally we climbed Mount Hua.It is very high and steep.We had to be careful in case we might fall off the cliff.It took us six hour to get to the summit.How beautiful scenery it was！You could see many mountains and rivers in distance.In the night we stayed in a cave hotel.I couldnt go to asleep because the wind was blowing heavily.I am afraid the mountain would break down.The next morning we got up early in order to see the sun rise from the east.The sun was very big and red.How exciting we were!答案：Last summer I went to Xian with my parents.We visited many places of interest the temperature was over 38.Finally we climbed Mount Hua.It is very high and steep.We had to be careful in case we might fall off the cliff.It took us six to get to the summit. beautiful scenery it was！ could see many mountains and rivers in distance.In the night we stayed in a cave hotel.I couldnt go to because the wind was blowing heavily.I afraid the mountain would break down.The next morning we got up early in order to see the sun rise the east.The sun was very big and red.How we were!E(2014河北唐山一模)When I was a child，I spent more than ten years learn the violin.Therefore，I couldnt understand“real music”After I graduated at high school，a friend of mine suggested that we started to learn the guitar because we all thought it was cool.I will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in the guitar store.There I saw a guitar player playing the guitar，which I really enjoyed.He became my the first guitar teacher.It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful model.Now the guitar is the most importantly part of my life and I practice it every day.答案：When I was a child，I spent more than ten years the violin.，I couldnt understand“real music”After I graduated high school，a friend of mine suggested that we to learn the guitar because we thought it was cool.I will never forget the day on we went to buy guitars in the guitar store.There I saw a guitar player playing guitar，which I really enjoyed.He became my the first guitar teacher.It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful .Now the guitar is the most part of my life and I practice it every day.F(2014浙江金华十校4月模拟)Dear schoolmates，In order to get high school students to attaching importance to the environment and improve our sense to protect the environment，and China Daily is planning to hold an interesting knowledge contest.A contest starts on October 14th and end on 31st.Remember，you can take the contest in China Daily newspaper，that is very popular among high school student.The answer sheet must cut from the newspaper and sent to China Daily after the deadline.Please pay more attention to the related informations of the contest and take an active part in them on time.Students Union答案：Dear schoolmates，In order to get high school students to importance to the environment and improve our sense to protect the environment， China Daily is planning to hold an knowledge contest. contest starts on October 14th and on 31st.Remember，you can take the contest in China Daily newspaper， is very popular among high school .The answer sheet must cut from the news paper and sent to China Daily the deadline.Please pay more attention to the related information of the contest and take an active part in on time.Students UnionG(2014河北邯郸高三调研考试)Our mothers accompanied us to school in the first day.Soon a teacher came and led us to a classroom.There we were put into four separate class.Some children begin to cry as the parents were not allowing into the classrooms.I did not cry because I have been to kindergarten before.Actual my mother went home soon after for she knew I would be all right.It was enjoyable time for me as I got to know my new classmates.The teacher was very busy for writing down our information so they had plenty of time to ourselves.In the meantime some children continued to sob although their parents looked in anxiously through the windows.答案：Our mothers accompanied us to school the first day.Soon a teacher came and led us to a classroom.There we were put into four separate .Some children to cry as the parents were not into the classrooms.I did not cry because I been to kindergarten before. my mother went home soon after for she knew I would be all right.It was enjoyable time for me as I got to know my new classmates.The teacher was very busy writing down our information so had plenty of time to ourselves.In the meantime some children continued to sob their parents looked in anxiously through the windows.短文改错(二)AYesterday，Li Mei goes to a store to return a shirt without carrying the receipt (收据)When she got there，she refused.The salesman said that he wouldnt take it back if she showed him the receipt.Thinking it was no way out，Li Mei put the shirt back in her bag and left.Suddenly two shop guard stopped her and began to search for her.They found the shirt in the bag and looked at it careful.Many eyes were staring at her，what made Li Mei very embarrassing.Luckily，a salesman came up in time and she was allowed to go.答案：Yesterday，Li Mei to a store to return a shirt without carrying the receipt (收据)When she got there，she refused.The salesman said that he wouldnt take it back she showed him the receipt.Thinking was no way out，Li Mei put the shirt back in her bag and left.Suddenly two shop stopped her and began to search her.They found the shirt in the bag and looked at it .Many eyes were staring at her，made Li Mei very .Luckily， salesman came up in time and she was allowed to go.B(2014河北唐山高三期末考试)Dear Brad，I am high school girl.Last month my whole family moved and I had to switch schools.I love this new school，where has a large playground and a library with lots of book.Also it has well equipping classrooms and several modern labs.Therefore，I really miss my former school and my old friends very much.I have known some newly classmates in this school，but I dont connect with him.Two girls in my new class might be like me，but I am not sure.I once think about moving back to my old school.On that case，I will miss my family.What should I do?Amy答案：Dear Brad，I am high school girl.Last month my whole family moved and I had to switch schools.I love this new scho