2019版高考英语复习Module5Cloning讲义外研版.docx

Module 5 Cloning 一积词汇见多识广 课内单词回扣(一)阅读词汇写其义1controversial adj.有争议的 2.compulsory adj. 强制的，强迫的3fundamental adj. 基本的，重要的 4.flexible adj. 易适应的5optional adj. 可选择的 6.suspect n. 嫌疑人7incredible adj. 难以置信的 8.imaginary adj. 假想的；虚构的(二)表达词汇写其形1chase v 追逐，追赶，追踪 2.murder v 谋杀3refuse v. 拒绝 4.contrast v. 对照5rush v. 冲，猛冲 6.cure v. 治愈7spit v. 吐出(唾液) 8.emotion n. 感情；情绪(三)拓展词汇灵活用*1.breathe v呼吸breath n呼吸*2.beneficial adj.有益的，有用的benefit n好处，益处v.得益于*3.terrify v使惊恐，使受惊吓terrified adj.恐惧的terrifying adj. 令人恐惧的terror n恐惧，恐怖terrorist n恐怖分子*4.resist v抵抗，忍耐；抵制resistant adj.有抵抗力的，抵抗的resistance n抵抗*5.analyse v分析analysis n分析6absorb v吸收absorbing adj.吸引人的；引人入胜的7violence n暴力violent adj.猛烈的，暴力的*8.accompany v陪伴，陪同company n陪伴companion n同伴，伴侣用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空1The traffic accident that happened yesterday terrified Mary. It was really a terrifying experience to her, and now she is still terrified at the thought of getting on a bus.(terrify)2Everyone knows the benefit of learning English and if you work hard, it will be beneficial to your future career. It is reported that many graduates have benefited from having a good command of English.(benefit)3The dog is a good companion and it keeps the little girl company all the time, and even accompanies her to school.(accompany)4The resistance (resist) to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk.(2017北京高考)5He took a deep breath to breathe the fresh air.(breathe)6Analyse the maths problem carefully and your careful analysis will help you find the solution to it.(analyse)话题单词积累1biotechnology/bai()teknldI/n. 生物科技2transplant/trnsplant/n.& vt. 移植3robot/rubt/ n. 机器人4hardware/hdwe/ n. 硬件5software/sf(t)we/ n. 软件6system/sIstm/ n. 系统；体系7data/deIt/ n. 数据，资料8database /deItbeIs/n. 数据库9Internet/intnet/ n. 互联网10network/netwk/ n. 网络11website/websait/ n. 网址12cyberspace/saIbspeIs/ n. 网络空间13connect/knekt/ vt. 连接，把联系起来14convenient /knvinint/ adj. 便利的，方便的15download/daunlud/ n& vt. 下载16calculate/klkjuleIt/ vt. 计算，核算，推测17digital/dIdIt()l/ adj. 数字的18powerful/pauful/ adj. 强大的19wonder/wnd/ n. 奇迹20universe/junIvs/ n. 宇宙21secret/sikrIt/ n. 秘密22explore/Ikspl/ v. 探索23empower/Impau/ vt. 授权；使能够24reveal/rIvil/ v. 揭示25complex/kmpleks/ adj. 复杂的二积短语顿挫抑扬 课内短语回扣(一)根据汉语写出下列短语*1.burn_out (火)燃尽，烧完自灭，烧毁 2.contrast_with 与形成对照3treat_.as_. 把当成对待 *4.(be)_identical_to 和一样，与一致5throw_oneself_on_. 扑倒在上*6.by_mistake 错误地*7.as_far_as_we_know 据我们所知*8.break_down 分解，发生故障*9.rely_on 依靠，依赖 10.get_out_of_control 摆脱控制11a_sequence_of 一系列的12as_follows 如下13knock_out 摧毁，击倒14bring_.back_to_life 使复活(二)用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子1The speech you gave this year was_identical_to the one you gave at the conference last year.2I need to call my friend David in whose coat I walked off by_mistake yesterday.3A health care project can provide treatment at half the cost or less, relying_on the needs of the patient.4It was already one in the morning, and my candle was nearly burnt_out,_when I saw the dull yellow eyes of the creature open.5As_far_as_we_know,_traveling in space has been made possible with the development of science and technology.6He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the airconditioning system broke_down.话题短语积累1technological innovation 科技创新2new frontier 新领域33D technology 3D技术4digital technology 数字技术5artificial intelligence 人工智能6new and high technology industry高新技术产业7testtube baby 试管婴儿8GMF Genetically Modified Food 转基因食品9space technology 太空技术10intelligent terminal 智能终端11tablet personal computer 平板电脑12portable computer 便携式电脑13virtual net 虚拟网14text message 手机短信15surf the Internet 上网冲浪16have access to/be accessible to 能使用17ITinformation technology 信息技术18search engine 搜索引擎19distract ones attention 分散某人的注意力20have a negative effect 有负面影响21electronic books 电子读物三积句式写作扮靓 课内句式仿写1while引导的时间状语从句的省略句式例句 While studying at university, he discovers the secret of how to create life.仿写 当查找一些信息时，我们可以通过触摸屏来操作。While_searching_for_some_information,_we can operate by touching the screen.2“It is/was被强调部分that/who .”强调句型例句 It was on a cold November night that I saw my creation for the first time.仿写 拥有真诚和信任我们才能创建一个和谐的气氛。It_was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.3wish后面的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气例句 I wish I had not created this creature, I wish I was on the other side of the world, I wish I could disappear!仿写 小男孩希望他现在是一个超人，能飞往月球。The little boy wishes he were_a_superman now and could_fly to the moon.话题佳句背诵1With the rapid development of science and technology, a variety of hightech products have spilled over into each field in living.随着科学技术的迅速发展，各种各样的高科技产品渗透到生活中的各个领域。2In the last decades, it is advances in medical technology that have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.在过去的几十年间，是医疗技术的进步使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。3When a new product comes into being, it must be tested out before it is put into use.当有新产品问世时，在投入使用之前，一定要进行检验。四背语段语感流畅 Throughout the history of science, whether it is the past or the present, foreign or domestic, without exception, the power of science is powerful：The power of science is all around us. We see, hear, touch, taste and experience the wonder of science every day. From the electricity that lights and heats our homes, to smartphones that connect us to family and friends, to robots that carry out complex surgery, and space technology that reveals the secrets of the universe science empowers us to shape every aspect of our world. Thanks to the power of science we can improve our health, explore new worlds, and make our world a better place. 纵观科学史，无论是过去还是现在，国外还是国内，无不说明科学的力量是强大的：科学的力量就在我们周围。我们每天都看到、听到、触摸、品味和体验科学的奇迹。从给我们的房屋带来光明和温暖的电力，到使我们与家人和朋友保持联系的智能手机，到进行复杂外科手术的机器人，再到揭示宇宙秘密的太空技术科学赋予我们塑造世界每一个方面的能力。由于科学的力量，我们可以改善我们的健康，探索新的世界，使我们的世界更美好。 第一板块 重点词汇突破 师生共研词汇1beneficial adj.有益的；有用的教材原句 Do you think cloning may be beneficial/helpful to humans?你认为克隆对人类有益吗？ (1)be beneficial to 对有利/益处(2)benefit v. 有利于，对有益 n. 益处，好处 benefit from/by 从中获益；得益于 for the benefit of sb. for ones benefit 为了某人的利益 be of benefit to 对有益处From my point of view, our library should buy some popular science books and literary books because they are of great benefit to us.(2014浙江高考书面表达)From my point of view, our library should buy some popular science books and literary books because they are_very_beneficial_to us.在我个人看来，图书馆应该购买一批受欢迎的科普类图书和文学类图书，因为它们对我们很有益。Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but for Thomas Edison.(2015江苏高考单选)要不是托马斯爱迪生，我们现在从中受益的很多东西就不会存在。China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for_the_benefit_of all its citizens.为了全体公民的利益，中国一直在推进公立医疗机构的改革。2cure v治愈；治疗；改正；解决n.治愈；治疗；治疗方法教材原句 We could use cloning to cure illnesses.我们可以利用克隆技术来治病。cure sb. of 治好某人的病；改掉某人的坏习惯beyond cure 无可救药a cure for (疾病的)治疗方法；(问题的)解决方法To our joy, the doctor has cured him of his illness.令我们高兴的是，医生已经治好他的病。Chinese scientists are absorbed in further research to find a cure for cancer.中国科学家致力于进一步研究以找到治愈癌症的方法。辨析比较 cure, treat cure指“治愈，治好”疾病，消除痛苦，除掉恶习、弊端、嗜好等，侧重结果。常用于cure sb. of sth.结构中treat通常强调过程，指对病人进行诊断和治疗，但不含治好的意思。一般用于treat sb. for sth.结构中选用以上单词填空The doctors spent a month treating her, and at last she was cured.3resist v抵抗，抵制；使不受的伤害；忍住经典例句 They are determined to resist pressure to change the law.他们决心顶住要求改革法律的压力。(1)resist doing sth. 反对做某事cant resist (doing) sth. 忍不住(做)某事(2)resistant adj. 有抵抗力的，抵抗的be resistant to 对有抵抗力(3)resistance n. 抗拒，反对，阻力She couldnt resist laughing (laugh) when her teacher told a funny joke in class.当她的老师在班上讲滑稽笑话时，她忍不住大笑。Some government officials werent resistant_to the temptation of money, and were punished by law in the end.一些政府官员抵制不住金钱的诱惑，最后受到了法律的制裁。名师指津 resist表示“忍住”时，常与表示否定意义的cant/can hardly/be not able to 连用；resist 后接v.ing形式作宾语，不接不定式。4absorb v吸收；吸引(某人)注意力；使专心；理解，掌握经典例句 Our good learning habits will make us study more easily and efficiently and absorb knowledge completely.我们良好的学习习惯会使我们更容易、更高效地学习，而且完全掌握知识。(1)absorb/attract/draw ones attention 吸引某人的注意力absorb .into . 把吸收进(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的，专心致志的(be) absorbed in . 全神贯注于(3)absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的，引人入胜的A good book could absorb_our_attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings.一本好书能如此完全吸引我们的注意力，以至于我们暂时忘掉了周围的环境。Alcohol may take a few minutes to be_absorbed_into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.几分钟的时间酒精就会被吸收到血流中并开始对大脑起作用。熟词生义 写出加黑单词在语境中的含义Its a lot of information to absorb all at once.理解，掌握联想发散 be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用过去分词，形式为“absorbed in .”。类似的结构还有：be lost in 专心致志于be caught/trapped in 被困在be buried in 埋头于be involved in 专注于be devoted to 专心于be occupied in 忙于词汇过关练.单句语法填空1If they refuse to_make (make) heartfelt apologies, we will have to bring an action against them.2All of a sudden, the thief walking behind a young and pretty lady seized her purse, rushing (rush) into the crowd.3I dont like any humour in this serious speech because I cant think of any circumstance where this would be beneficial (benefit) or useful.4Scientists are still wondering how it is that the Egyptians built the pyramids so long ago.5She is overweight, but she still cant resist eating (eat) more delicious food.6Accompanied (accompany) by the leader, they visited the hospital. 7(2017全国卷语法填空)But at the moment, school comes first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling.8Emily felt very sad that she was suspected of providing false statements in court.9Take a deep breath (breathe) and hold it in your chest. It can effectively control your anxiety.10We should avoid the mistakes that arise from a basic misunderstanding.单句改错1As we all know, reading a lot is benefit to improving our English.benefitbeneficial或benefit前加of2The number of road accidents and the deaths arise from those accidents has increased over the past year.arisearising3He had been so absorbing in watching the car passing by that he didnt notice his friends coming.absorbingabsorbed4Punishment can never be an effective cure of severe social problems.offor5We all suspected him stealing the money, but he insisted that he was innocent.him后加of.单句写作(一句多译)1我希望这个假期会对你有好处。I hope this holiday will_be_beneficial_to_you. (be beneficial to)I hope this holiday will_be_of_benefit_to_you. (be of benefit to)I hope you will_benefit_from this holiday. (benefit from)I hope this holiday will_benefit_you. (benefit vt.)2和他们待在一起时，彼得忍不住捉弄他们。When staying with them, Peter couldnt_help_playing_a_joke_on_them.(cant help doing ) When staying with them, Peter couldnt_be_resistant_to_playing_a_joke_on_them.(be resistant to doing) When staying with them, Peter couldnt_resist_playing_a_joke_on_them.(resist doing)3由于专注于作画，约翰没有注意到我进入他的书房。As he was_absorbed_in_painting,_John didnt notice me enter his study. (be absorbed in)Absorbed_in_painting,_John didnt notice me enter his study. (分词作状语)第二板块 短语、句式突破 1get/run out of control摆脱控制；失去控制经典例句 The street party went on, getting louder and louder and more out of control.街头聚会还在继续，声音越来越大而且更加失控。get control of 控制，掌握out of control 失去控制(状态)lose control of 失去对的控制in control of 控制着under/in the control of 受的管理/控制bring/get/keep .under control 控制住beyond control 无法控制Too high house prices can be brought under control, provided that the authorities introduce a series of regulatory policies.如果政府采取一系列调控措施的话，高房价是可以得到控制的。The children are completely out_of_control since their father left.这些孩子自他们的父亲离开后就无法无天了。2break down分解；拆除；失败；(机器等)出故障；(身体、精神等)垮掉，崩溃教材原句 When life ends, DNA breaks down and does not repair itself.当生命结束后，DNA分解并且不能自我修复。一词多义 写出下列句中break down的含义Talks with business leaders broke down last night.失败The car broke down halfway to the camp.出故障Youll break down if you always stay up late.垮掉His father failed to break down the door.拆除Plastic bags are difficult to break down.分解break into 强行闯入；突然开始(笑、唱等)break out (战争、火灾等)突然爆发，突然发生break up 分手，解散；放假break away from 脱离；挣脱We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had_broken_into the office during the night.我们在早晨到达工作地点时发现有人在(前一天)晚上闯进了办公室。3I wish_I_had_not_created this creature, I wish_I_was on the other side of the world, I wish_I_could_disappear!但愿我没有制造出那个家伙，但愿我身处世界的另一边，但愿我可以消失无踪！“wish宾语从句”意为“但愿；希望；就好了”，往往表达与事实相反或不太可能实现的愿望，因而从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气。wish后跟宾语从句时，从句一般使用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语形式如下：(1)did/were(表示与现在事实相反的愿望)(2)had done/been(表示与过去事实相反的愿望)(3)would/could/might动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的愿望)I wish (that) I had (have) wings and could fly to your home.我希望我有双翅膀而且能够飞到你家去。I wish (that) you had_gone (go) to the concert with us last night.我真希望昨天晚上你跟我们一起去听音乐会。I wish (that) I would_have (have) a better chance to learn in the future. 我真希望在将来我能有更好的学习机会。短语、句式过关练.选词填空knock down， get out of control， rely on， break down， by mistake， contrast . with， burn out， throw oneself on， bring . back to life， as far as I know 1As_far_as_I_know,_I was the only candidate who had ever said as much. 2The children got_out_of_control after their teacher left.3He was so tired that on arriving at home he threw_himself_on the bed and fell asleep.4After a few months repair, the old city was brought_back_to_life again. 5Lacking enough air, the fire was soon burnt_out.6Its interesting to contrast the American legal system with the Chinese one. 7I apologized to him because I took his umbrella by_mistake.8Relying_on their own efforts, they overcame all the difficulties and finished the task ahead of time. 9We were downloading music when our computer broke_down suddenly.10Gina nearly was_knocked_down as a car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry.break短语填空1With no cash for food, he broke_into an old womans house, hoping to steal some money.2Oldfashioned phones matter when wireless networks break_down in disasters.3On catching sight of his mother, the little boy broke_away_from his grandmother and threw himself into his mothers arms.4When does the school break_up for the winter holidays?5Their happiness didnt last long, for the war_broke_out soon after they got married.用control短语完成句子/句型转换1To our surprise, the man, who was looked down upon by others in the past, is now in_control_of the whole project. 2The fire was out_of_control at the beginning, but at last it was brought under_control. 3He tried to brake the car, but it was beyond_control.4If you dont change your mind, the situation will be beyond control.If you dont change your mind, the situation will be out_of_control.If you dont change your mind, you will lose_control_of the situation.5He was in the control of evil men and forced to do bad things.Evil men were in_control_of him and forced him to do bad things.用“wish宾语从句”补全句子1我多么希望自己是一只飞鸟！How_I_wish_I_were a flying bird!2但愿你明天和我一块去旅游。I_wish_you_would_go_travelling with me tomorrow.3他真希望当时她来看他时他在家啊！He_wished_he_had_been at home when she came to see him. 提能一 用课文词汇写高分作文cloning， cure， beneficial， arise， terrify， refuse， rely on， bring . back to life， get out of control， by mistake， knock out， be identical to， as far as we know 1补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)最近，我们班关于克隆进行了热烈的讨论。Recently, our class has had a heated discussion about cloning._一些人认为克隆对人类是有益的。人们可以依靠这项技术治愈一些疾病。Some think cloning is beneficial to human beings. People can rely_on this technology to cure some diseases.克隆可以使已经灭绝的物种复活，使得这个世界更多姿多彩。Cloning can help bring extinct species back_to_life and make the world more colorful.其他人反对克隆。如果克隆失去控制，很多问题就会出现。例如，科学家有可能错误地制造出毁灭我们的世界的怪物。Others are against it. If cloning got_out_of_control,_many problems would arise. For example, scientists may create monsters by_mistake and they may knock_out our world. 如果许多人或动物都彼此一模一样，这个世界是令人害怕的。If many people or animals were_identical_to_each other, the world would be terrifying.据我们所知，克隆技术还不是很完美。我们应该拒绝广泛使用它。As_far_as_we_know,_cloning is not perfect. We should refuse to use it widely.2升级平淡句(1)用现在分词短语作状语改写句Cloning_can_help_bring_extinct_species_back_to_life,_making_the_world_more_colorful.(2)用定语从句改写句后半部分For example, . our world.For_example,_scientists_may_create_monsters_by_mistake,_which_may_knock_out_our_world.(3)把句中if从句变成倒装句Were_many_people_or_animals_identical_to_each_other,_the_world_would_be_terrifying.3衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇： however, whats more, for one thing, for another, so)Recently,_our_class_has_had_a_heated_discussion_about_cloning._Some think cloning is beneficial to human beings. For one thing, people can rely on this technology to cure some diseases. For another, cloning can help bring extinct species back to life, making the world more colorful.However, others are against it. If cloning got out of control, many problems would arise. For example, scientists may create monsters by mistake, which may knock out our world. Whats more, if many people or animals were identical to each other, the world would be terrifying.As far as we know, cloning is not perfect, so we should refuse to use it widely.提能二 用课文句型解构高考长难句 本单元突破点破折号引出同位语的复杂句经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句In 1973, biochemists Cohen and Boyer discovered a procedure to use enzymes chemicals formed in the body to unzip the DNA, to cut out a sequ