剑桥少儿英语教师上岗培训讲座.ppt

1 剑桥少儿英语教师上岗培训讲座 ATrainingSessionforPre serviceTeachersofCYLE 26 11 2005 浙江大学教育学院褚献华 2 EnjoyableandEffective 3 Outline提纲 Childrenaslanguagelearners儿童学习语言的特点Approaches Principles教学途径和原则Effectiveteachingstrategies有效的教学策略PrioritiesforCYLE剑桥少儿英语的教学重点 4 学习目标LearningObjectives Afterthislecture youareexpectedto听了今天的讲座 希望您能StatethecharacteristicsofchildrenlearningEnglish说出少儿学习外语的特点小学生的特点 学习过程 学习的条件ExplainthekeyprinciplesandstrategiesforteachingyounglearnersEnglish解释少儿英语教学的重要原则和策略以学生为中心 交际为导向 活动为基础 5 Pleaseaskyourself WhydochildrenlearnEnglish 少儿英语教学的主要目的是什么 Whataretheircharacteristics 少儿学习外语有哪些特点 Whatapproachismoreeffective 什么样的教学途径对少儿更有效 6 WhyteachChildrenEnglish Todeveloplearners capabilityofusingEnglish 培养学生综合的语言运用能力 情感态度affectiveattitude 语言技能languageskills 语言知识languageknowledge 学习策略learningstrategies 文化意识culturalawareness 7 少儿英语教学的目的 了解英语国家文化形成世界意识 初步形成英语学习策略 良好的语音基础初步的口头交际能力 学习和掌握英语语言基础知识 建立英语学习的兴趣和信心形成积极的态度 8 少儿作为外语学习者younglearnersofEnglish Younglearners strengthsandweaknesses少儿学习外语的优势和弱点Languagelearningapproachesforyounglearners少儿语言学习的途径ExternalconditionsforeffectiveYLE少儿英语学习的外部条件 9 学习能力是与生俱来的Theabilitytolearnisinnate 学习是在一定的社会文化情境中 通过参与活动 与他人交流而实现的意义建构过程 Learningisaprocessofmeaningconstructioninasocio culturalcontextbythelearnersinvolvementintheactivitiesandcommunication每个学生都是积极的探究者和知识建构者 学生原有的知识经验是新知识的生长基点 学生需求 兴趣和自主性是有效学习的内部基础 与他人的互动和正确的引导对意义建构非常重要 10 Childrenaslanguagelearners儿童作为语言学习者 11 Children aremoreenthusiasticandlivelyareboldtohaveagoatanactivityhavelesspsycho stressonlearninghavemoretimetolearn热情积极活泼勇于参与活动心理压力较少学习时间较多 12 Buttheyarelesscognitivelydevelopedcan tretaintheirattentionlongloseinterestmorequicklyhavelesslearningexperience认知水平较低注意保持较短容易丧失兴趣学习经验较少 13 少儿如何有效地学英语 HowYLlearnEnglish 通过类似母语习得的自然途径inanaturalway通过在信任接受的氛围中互动byinteractingwitheachotherinanatmosphereoftrustandacceptance通过参与多种有趣的活动byparticipatinginavarietyofinterestingactivities通过模仿和重复 唱歌和诵读等byimitatingandrepeating singingandchanting 14 自然的方式Thenaturalway Exposuretolanguage感受语言 Comprehension理解意思 Imitation模仿 Activeuse活用语言 Languageinput语言输入 Languageoutput语言输出 15 Notice注意 Want想学 Engage参与 Link联系 Succeed成功 少儿学习语言的过程theprocessofYLlanguagelearning 16 Clearobjectives的兴趣 正确的示范Correctdemonstration 可理解的输入Understandableinput 轻松的氛围Stress freeatmosphere 有意义的互动Meaningfulinteraction 积极的强化Positivereinforcement 充分的参与Adequateinvolvement 少儿学习英语的外部条件ExternalConditionsforChildrenLearningEnglish 17 ExternalConditionsforCYLE Understandableinput可理解的输入Correctdemonstration正确的示范Meaningfulinteraction有意义的互动Adequateinvolvement充分的参与Stress freeatmosphere轻松的氛围Positivereinforcement积极的强化 18 儿童以一种类似自然的语言习得方式学习外语他们具备学习外语的优势和但也有劣势他们的英语技能不是老师 教给 的 而是他们在参与学习活动过程中 学会 的 他们学习外语需要有利的外部条件 重要理念Keyideas 19 常见的问题Commonproblems 教师没有提供足够机会引起学生的注意教学目标与学生的需要不一致学生不愿努力尝试词句太难 不知如何做 没趣味活动机会不够 难以记忆和运用经历过多的失败 失去信心不能有效地建立联系 不能活用操练太狭窄 内容难于内化 或缺乏挑战性如何改进 20 ImplicationsforTeachers对教师的启示 21 Theteachershould beawarethatlanguageacquisitionisanaturalprocess认识语言习得是个自然的过程Speechfirst口语领先Stepbystep循序渐进 22 2 adoptmethodscompatiblewiththechildren sdevelopmentalstage教学法方法适应儿童发展阶段Active hands on动手活动Multi dimensionallearning 23 3 Makethelearningrelevanttochildren sinterestsandperspective学习结合儿童的兴趣和认识Concretevocabulary具体的词汇Here and nowcontent身边的内容Startwherechildrenare 24 4 Theteachershouldprovideunderstandablelanguageandnecessarysupport5 Theteachershouldprovidemanyopportunitiesforlanguageinteraction 25 6 Theteachershouldsupportpupils motivationandself esteemwhilediminishingtheiranxiety 26 7 Theteachershouldvaluetheroleoftheclassroomenvironmentinsupportinglearning 27 Behavioralapproach行为主义途径 Focus thereinforcementofbehaviorthroughrepetitionandrewardsTeachercontrolslearners behaviorandlearningprocessTeacherhasaclearlessonplanEnglishpatternsarerepeatedthroughdrillsandchoralrepetitionSuccessisreinforcedbypraiseandrewards 28 Inputapproach语言输入途径 Focus theinputoflanguagefromtheteacher tapes readingmaterialLearnersareexposedtoEnglishunderstandableorjustbeyondtheirpresentlevelLearnersarenotexpectedtoproducelanguageuntiltheyfeelreadyTeacherintroducenewwordsandpatternsthroughphysicaldemonstrationLearnersareencouragedtobephysicallyactive 29 Humanisticapproach人本主义途径 Focus theimportanceoftheinnerthoughtsandfeelingsofeachlearnerDevelopmentofinter personalskillsisencouragedFocusisonthelearningprocessEachchildisallowedtomakechoiceandpaceLearnersareemotionallyimmersedinthelessonMotivationcomesfrominside notexternalrewardChildrenareensuredtofeelleastanxietyTeacherisa facilitator andencouragechildrenlearnnaturally 30 Constructivistapproach建构主义途径 Focus childasanindividualtryingtomakesensetotheworldEachchildisanactiveexplorerAchildtendstomoveindirectionsthathavepersonalmeaningAchildhasthepotentialtoreachbeyondthepresentlevel butneedstointeractwithadultsandpeershavingmoreknowledgeAchildlearnslanguageintheattempttocommunicate 31 ThreeImportantPrinciples Child Centeredperspective以儿童为中心的教育理念Speech Orientedapproach以口语为导向教学途径Activity Basedinteraction以活动为基础的互动模式 32 Child Centered Younglearners characteristics needsandinterest少儿的特点 需要和兴趣Learner centeredinstructionin以学习者为中心的教学体现在designingalesson 备课 teachingalesson 上课 assigninghomework 作业 assessinglearning 评价 33 Speech Oriented TeachinginEnglish用英语教学Understandableinput可理解输入Scaffolding提供 脚手架 支持Authenticlanguage真实的语言Meaningfulcommunication有意义交流Realia supportedinteraction教具辅助的互动Speech basedskilldevelopment口语为基础的技能发展 34 Activity Based Activatinglearning激发学生积极性Stimulatinginterest刺激兴趣MultipleIntelligencestrategies多元智能策略Engagingalllearners促进全体参与Grouplearning小组集体活动Peertutorial同伴互助Integratingskills整合技能Recurrentpractice循环实践Multi skilledcommunication多技能的交流 35 LanguageLearningActivities ListeningListenandrepeat听听读读Listenandguess听听猜猜Listenandact match find draw etc 听听做做SpeakingDrawandaskquestions画图提问Whisperasentence轻声传话Pairsfinding寻找对子Speakingchain连环说话Storytelling讲故事Guessinggames猜谜游戏Interview survey采访调查 36 ReadingPhonics认读方法Readandcolour阅读图色Readandmatch阅读配对Readanddraw阅读画图Wordgames单词游戏WritingSpellingbee拼词比赛Enricheddictation多种听写Describingthepicture描述图片Journalwriting记日记 37 PrioritiesforCYLE PositiveattitudetowardlearningEnglish学习英语的积极态度Correctpronunciationandintonation正确的语音语调BasicskillsofEnglish最基础的英语听说读写技能Topics structures wordsaslistedinthesyllabuses大纲中所列话题 结构和词汇 38 Afewmorewords WeshouldhaveastrongbeliefthatEverychildwillbecomeasuccessfulL2learner每个孩子都会是个成功的第二语言学习者Everychildneedsourhandtohold每个孩子都需要我们的扶持 39 Makesuretotelleverychild You Me Specialandyourself Progress learning practice reflection 40 TimeforQuestions 41 Thankyouforyourattention Goodluckinyourteaching 从此网站下载 42 Thenaturalway Exposuretolanguage感受语言 Comprehension理解意思 Imitation模仿 Activeuse活用语言 Languageinput语言输入 Languageoutput语言输出 43 感知运动阶段 前运算阶段 具体运算阶段 逻辑运算阶段 44 MultipleIntelligences多元智能 Linguisticintelligence wordsmart 语言文字智能 Logical mathematicalintelligence logic mathsmart 逻辑 数学智能 Spatialintelligence picturesmart 视觉空间智能 Bodily Kinestheticintelligence bodysmart 身体运动智能 Musicalintelligence musicsmart 音乐旋律智能 Interpersonalintelligence peoplesmart 人际关系智能 Intrapersonalintelligence selfsmart 自我认识智能 Naturalistintelligence naturesmart 自然观察者智能 45 TheEightIntelligences 46 Scaffolding提供 脚手架 Gettingchildreninterestedinthetask激发儿童们对任务的兴趣Simplifyingthetask breakingitdownintosmallersteps简化任务 化整为零Keepingchildrenontask remindingthemofgoals保持儿童们参与 提示学习目标Pointingoutwhatisimportant指出重点Preventing managingfrustration预防 化解挫折 47 Choosewhattosay Situations YoumeetafriendYouwanttoaskyourteachersomethingYouseeyourteacherYourfriendlookssadSomeonegivesyouanicecreamYoulikethefilmverymuchYouhavetogohomeIt syourfriend sbirthdayYouwanttoplaytenniswithyourfriendYoucan thearsomethingYourmumwantstotakeyoushopping 48 QuestionsforStarters A 1 What syourname What syourfriend sname 2 Howdoyouspellyourname 3 Howoldareyou Howoldisthemonkey 4 What sthis Whatarethese 5 Whichisyourruler 6 What sinyourschoolbag 7 Whatcolourisyourbag 8 Whatcolourdoyoulike Doyoulikepurple 9 Who sthatboy 10 Haveyougotabike 49 11 Hasthecatgotanyfish Whathasitgot 12 Howmanychildrenarethereinthepicture 13 What syourfavouritefruit 14 Whatdoyouwant Doyouwantaburgeroranicecream 15 Whosebagisthis IsitPeter s 16 WhereisyourEnglishbook 17 Whathaveyougotforbreakfast What sforlunch 18 Howdoyougotoschool Doyougotoschoolbybus 19 Whatdocatsliketoeat 20 Whatdoyoudoeveryday 50 QuestionsforStarters B 1 Howareyou 2 Whatanimalsdoyoulike Doyoulikedogs 3 Whereisthecat Isitunderthechair 4 What sSuedoingnow 5 Whataretheboysdoinginthegarden 6 What sBobplyingwith 7 Whodoyouoftenplaywith 8 CanIhavesomejuice 9 Wheredoyouhavemeals 10 What sinyourbedroom 51 11 Whatdoyoudoatschool 12 WhatdoesSallydoeveryday 13 What syourphonenumber 14 WhatdoesLilylikedoing 15 Canyoujumplikeakangaroo 16 What syourhobby Doyoulikefishing 17 Howmanyapplesdoyouwant 18 WheredoesTomoftenplaybadminton 19 WhichisMary thegirlingreenorinred 20 Wheredoyoulive Wheredoesafishlive 52 QuestionsforMovers A 1 Whatdayistoday 2 What stheweatherliketoday 3 Whereareyougoing 4 Whosetoycaristhis Isityours 5 Doyouoftenplayfootball 6 WhatdoesPeterdoeveryday 7 Areyouhungry Whatdoyouwanttohave 8 Whichisbigger thesunorthemoon 9 Whydoestheearthlookbiggerthanthesun 10 Who sthetallestinyourclass 53 11 Howmanydaysarethereinaweek 12 WhatdoyouusuallydoonSunday 13 WhatdidyoudolastSunday 14 Wherewereyourfriendsyesterday 15 Whatdidyourfriendswanttodo Movers B 16 Whatareyougoingtodo 17 Who syourbestfriend 18 Whichfloordoyouliveon 19 ShallIwashmysocks 20 Wouldyoulikesomeapples 54 21 Whatdoyoulikedoingbest 22 HowdidJackgotohisgrandfather shouse 23 Howmuchistheicecream 24 Howoftendoyougotothecinema 25 CanIhelpyou MayIcomein 26 What swrongwithyou What sthematterwithyou 27 Whatdoyoudoifyouhaveacold 28 Whatmustyoudobeforeyougetonatrain 29 WhatdoesKevin sfatherdo 30 Wheredoeshework Whatdoeshehavetodoonweekdays 55 31 Whatdidyouseewhenyoucameintotheroom 32 Howmuchwaterdoyouneed 33 Whatkindoffoodwouldyouliketoeat 34 Whendoesthetrainleave 35 WherecanItakethebus 36 Howoftendoesyourmothergoshopping 37 Whatdoyoupaintthehousewith 38 Howdidhegoupstairs 39 Whatisyourfriendlike 40 Whyisthegirlhappy 56 QuestionsforFlyers 1 Whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday 2 What syourfavouriteseason Whathappensinsummer 3 WhendidBobgetupyesterday 4 HowlongdidittakeBobbytocleantheroom 5 Whyweren tyouatschoolyesterday 6 Whatwillyoudoifitsnowstomorrow 7 WhatlanguagedopeoplespeakinJap