外研版必修2Module4学案必修2Module4 Grammar

高一必修二第4模块语法学案学习目标：掌握动词不定式和动名词的用法。学习重点：动词不定式和动名词在题中的应用。学法指导：记忆，练习。学习难点:会运用动词不定式和动名词探究过程：动词不定式和动名词句法功能比较一览表 功能主语表语宾语定语状语不定式动名词1. 动名词与不定式作主语(1)表示一般抽象概念均可。Reading/ To read good books enriches our mind.(2). 表具体的特定情况或有待于完成的动作，常用不定式。Swimming is good for health, but to swim in such a polluted river is harmful to health.（3）在it作形式主语的句中，若表语是necessary, important等形容词时，后面只用不定式，若表语是no use, no good, a waste of time 时，常用动名词。 It is necessary_( spend) enough time on English if you want to learn it well. It is no use at all _(argue) with him about it.（4）在there is no后只加动名词面。不知道他来不来There is no knowing whether he will come here or not.2.动名词与不定式作表语(1)通常可以互用。His habit is having/to have a walk after supper.(2). 指具体的、特定情况下或未发生的动作，常用不定式。Your work today is to carry these things upstairs.(3). 主语的形式要和表语保持一致。To see is to believe.Seeing is believing.3.后面只跟 ing 形式作宾语的动词：admit, allow, avoid, delay, dislike, miss, finish, advise, mind, consider, practise, suggest, keep, excuse, enjoy, permit, escapeHe tried to avoid _(answer) my question.Would you mind _(close) the door?She suggested _(go) to the cinema.4.后面常跟ing形式作宾语的动词词组：give up, put off, carry on, keep on, feel like, get used to, insist on, look forward to, succeed in, think of, dream of, cant help, be worthDavid has given up _(smoke).Do you feel like _(go) out tonight?Im looking forward to _(meet) her.The picture isnt worth _(look) at.5.只能跟不定式作宾语的动词 promise, demand, ask, aim, pretend, wish, hope, expect, manage, can afford, offer, agree, learn, prepare, claim, dare, decide, determine, refuse等。 He failed_( pass) the driving test. He offered _( take) the child home. I cant afford _( buy) a car.6.有些词后跟不定式或动名词意义不同:remember, forget; try; mean; stop, go on; regret; want, need, requireregret doing sth 对已经发生的事感到遗憾。regret to do 对将要说的事感到遗憾。I regret telling/ having told her what I thought.译：_I regret to tell you that you failed in the exam译：_wainnt dog/ want to be done 需要被做The classroom really wants/needs/ requires cleaning. 译：_My car needs repairing/to be repaired.译：_课堂检测：用斜题字单词完成下列句子draw, practise, spend, step, listen, send, have, control, move, work, help 1He is so interested in English that he will never get tired of _ speaking it with his classmates. 2. The astronaut hopes _ out of his space- ship and walk in space. 3. At the end of the term, all the students look forward to _ some holiday. 4. Would you please turn down the radio? I cant stand _ to such noise all the time.draw, practise, spend, step, listen, send, have, control, move, work, help 5China has succeeded in _ up many satellites into space.6. The boy attempted _ the boat all by himself, but failed.7. The man went on _ until late