专业学位硕士研究生英语教程Unit-9词汇及课后答案

Unit NineParentingWord Bank(academy-Police Academy) academic: adj. of a school, especially of higher learning; of scholarly (scholarship奖学金，助学金) performance学校的，学院的，学术的affirm: v. to assert; confirm断言，证实，承认(aggress-aggressor =invader) aggression (aggressive): n. the act of initiating (hostile-) hostilities or invasion侵犯，侵略，挑衅(anthropology-) anthropologist: n. the scholar who studies the origin, the behavior, and the physical, social, and cultural development of human beings人类学家complement: v. to make sth. Complete补充，补足complementary: adj. completing; supplying mutual needs补充的，补足的consequence: n. effect; the result to its cause结果，因果关系的deprive (sb. of sth.): v. to take sth. away from拿走，抢夺directive: adj. straightforward; serving to direct (-director导演)直接的，指导的(obey-obedient-obediencedisobey-disobedient) disobedience: n. refusal or failure to obey不服从，不顺从，违抗distinct: different; clear不同的，明显的(diverse-) diversity: n. (vary-) variety or multiformity 变化，多样性enforce(-reinforce): to compel obedience to强制服从或遵守(exploit-) exploitation: n. the act of employing to the greatest possible advantage开发，开采，剥削(expose to-) exposure: n. the act of exposing; influence暴露， 受影响facilitate (=help-facility设备设施): v. to make easy or easier使容易，使便利groom: v. to care for the appearance of; to make neat （tidy）and trim(vt./adj.)使整洁，打扮hygiene: n. (=sanity) the promotion and preservation of health 卫生interaction: n. the act or process of interacting相互作用(intimate-) intimacy: n. the condition of being close in relation亲密(muscle肌肉-masculine男性的-) masculinity: n. the quality and characteristic of a male男子气，阳刚气modify: v. to change; to alter变更， 修改monster: n. an imaginary or legendary creature怪物nurture: v. to nourish, to feed; to educate, to train给营养，喂养，培养(object-objectivesubjective) objectivity: n. the state of being objective 客观，客观性(orient东方的) oriented: adj. directed导向性的predatory: adj. living by preying on other organisms掠夺的，肉食的(relate A to B-relation-) relational: adj. of kinship亲属关系的roughhouse: v. to engage in rowdy behavior or play打闹，殴斗sheer: adj. complete; absolute; pure 绝对的，完全的，纯粹的sternly: adv. harshly; severely严厉地，严格地(sym-=same; pathy=feeling) sympathy (sympathize with sb.): n. sharing the feelings of another同情，同情心tickle: v. to touch (the body) lightly so as to cause laughter (笑声) or twitching movements; to tease or excite pleasurably使觉得痒，逗乐(timid=shy-) timidity (timidate=frighten): n. lack of confidence; fear 胆怯，羞怯verbally: adv. orally; literally口头上地，言辞地wrestle: v. to contend by grappling and, attempting to throw摔跤 Phrases and Expressionscope with: =deal with; to handle处理；应对due to: owing to由于have access (通道) to: to have the right to approach, or to make use of接近权；享用权in terms (术语, 学期) of: in relation to; with reference to根据；按照；就而言settle (-settlement) down: to begin living a stable and orderly life; to become less nervous or restless安顿下来；平静 Reading ComprehensionI. Choose the best for each of the following.1. How can fathers and mothers provide good things to children that same-sex caregivers cannot? ( D )A. By being adults in their childrens lives. B. By depriving of the benefits found in mothers and fathersC. By differing parenting styles among people.D. By cooperating and complementing between mothers and fathers. 2. According to Eleanor Maccoby, _A_. A. fathers and mothers teach children differently in dealing with lifeB. fathers will not provide warm, nurturing care for an infantC. mothers teach children the difference between men and womenD. fathers have a distinct style of communication and interaction with children3. Children who roughhouse with their fathers ( A )A. learn that biting, kicking and other forms of physical violence are not acceptableB. learn self-controlC. are more physical and action orientedD. need moms softness 4. Which of the following can be categorized as push limits? ( D ) A. Expanding experiences and confidence. B. Yelling slow down, not so high, not so hard. C. Causing disagreement between mom and dad. D. Encouraging kids to climb higher, to ride faster.5. Girls with involved married fathers ( A ) A. are more likely to have healthier relationships with males B. build emotional security, and safety from other men and women C. learn what masculinity is D. cope with life differently II. Complete the following (sum up求和- summarize总结, 归纳) summary (小结) of the text by filling in the blanks with words. The initial letter of each word has been given to you. Children (1) benefit from a mother and fathers differing (2) parenting styles. Mothers and fathers bring to their children (3) different values. They are different in their parenting styles, in the way they (4) play with children, and in their (5) communication with children. Fathers (6) provide a look at the world of men; mothers, the world of women. And by (7) cooperating together and complementing each other in their differences they provide good things that same-sex caregivers cannot. Children who have daily (8) access to the different and complementary ways of mothers and fathers will have (9) confidence, independence, and security. They are more likely to have a (10) healthy respect for both women and men as they grow into adulthood.VocabularyI. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence. 1. She was _A_ a normal childhood by the war.A. deprived of B. taken away C. given up D. got out 2. Roses in a silver bowl _B_ the handsome (beautiful) cherry table.A. comparison B. complementC. competition D. compensation 3. Charles Darwin saw in the _C_ of species (物种) the principles of (evolve-) evolution that operated to generate (=produce) the species: variation, competition and selection.A. (divide-) divisionB. (diverse-) diversionC. diversity D. (vary-) variation 4. We (meet-) met on two _B_ occasions. One was an academic conference; the other a party.A. clear B. distinct (different)C. likely(possible) D. notable (obvious)5. The Internet, which covers the whole world, is increasing the _A_ of the people on the planet.A. interaction B. contractC. interplay D. interchange 6. Most vegetables we buy in winter are _C_ in the greenhouse.A. natured (born to be) B. cultivated (-culture文化)C. nurtured (养育) D. nourished (提供营养) 7. The students protested in front of American consulate (领事馆). They had no motives (动机) but those of _B_ patriotism (爱国主义).A. absolute(绝对的) B. sheer (only纯粹的)C. pure D. complete 8. The children _A_ while (they are) building forts (要塞) with toy bricks (砖).A. roughhouse (fight) B. handleC. (pretense-)pretendD. behave9. The building is _D_ south and north.A. allocated (assign分配) B. guided (导游) C. operated (操纵) D. oriented (取坐向)10. His (fail-) failure in business is largely due to _A_.A. timidity(胆怯)B. quality(质量)C. characteristics(特性特征)D. behavior (行为)II. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.settle downfacilitatemodifysubtleconsequenceverbally sympathy cope withacademic instincthave/has access tosternly aggression systematicallynurture 1. Chinese national troops are on the alert against any possible aggression. 2. This government has systematically taken actions to renew its economy. 3. Most people have sympathy for the old lady for her (lose-lost-lost-) loss of the only son in the accident 4. He is a (journal=magazine-) journalist (新闻工作者-journalism新闻学) whose subtle views on the hard issues of our time are rooted in a tough mind (heart) and a demanding ethical (moral) sensibility (responsibility). 5. I was (amuse逗人乐-) amazed (surprised) at her ability to cope with the difficult situation.6. He is one of the few scientists in this military base who have access to the restricted area. 7. By the age of two most children have begun to communicate verbally (=orally). 8. Modern devices such as micro-wave oven facilitate domestic work, and free (vt. set sb. free) people to have more (entertain-) entertainments (娱乐). 9. This university is composed of five academic schools (department系).10. The industrial revolution modified (alter) the whole structure of English-speaking society. TranslationPut the following paragraph into English.在只有母亲或只有父亲的家庭里长大的孩子将会极大地缺乏自信、独立及安全感。这羊的孩子极易出现性别识别错误、性虐待，女孩还易受到其他男人的性侵犯。他们长大成人后，很难对男人或女人有健康认识和尊重。 参考译文: Children growing up in mother-only or father-only homes will suffer deeply in terms of lack of confidence, independence, and security. Such boys and girls will be at greater risk for gender confusion, abuse and exploitation from other men. They are less likely to have a healthy respect for both women and men as they grow into adulthood. Exercise Fill in the gaps in the following sentences by using appropriate relative pronouns or adverbs. 1. The passengers and the suitcases that were still waiting had to be transferred (moved) to another plane. 2. The language through which this opposition (反对党) gained strength and organization was the key one of freedom and unity, not of oppression. 3. This fighter who loses his cool the first time he is hit will end up flat on his back on the canvas. 4. Science fiction emerges (appears) in this time when these two opposing groups have met and exchanged ideas. 5. The reason why they now charge more is that prices have kept rising. 6. Conservation is the very value that needs to be added to the old values. 7. We must know such symbols as are used to represent chemical elements. 8. The researcher encourages us to reach a state where work is an ex