2018届高考英语总复习真题研练59牛津译林版.docx

真题研练59 Task 1：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。(2015安徽，D)There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide.Each individual (个体的) ant hardly weighs anything，but put together they weigh roughly the same as all of mankind.They also live nearly everywhere，except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles.For animals their size，ants have been astonishingly successful，largely due to their wonderful social behavior.In colonies (群体) that range in size from a few hundred to tens of millions，they organize their lives with a clear division of labor.Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization.Where we use sound and sight to communicate，ants depend primarily on pheromones (外激素)，chemicals sent out by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of their colony.When an ant finds food，it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is.When an individual ant comes under attack or is dying，it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.In fact，when it comes to the art of war，ants have no equal.They are completely fearless and will readily take_on a creature much larger than themselves，attacking in large groups and overcoming their target.Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner，these little creatures have survived on Earth for more than 140 million years，far longer than dinosaurs.Because they think as one，they have a collective (集体的) intelligence greater than you would expect from its individual parts.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲的是蚂蚁。单个的蚂蚁显得微不足道，但成群结队的蚂蚁却蕴含着巨大的力量。蚂蚁的数量之众，加起来可以与人类的重量相媲美。蚂蚁分布极为广泛，除了寒冷的山顶和两极地区，几乎到处都有它们的踪影。1We can learn from the passage that ants are_.Anot willing to share foodBnot found around the polesCmore successful than all other animalsDtoo many to achieve any level of organization答案B细节理解题。由第一段中的“They also live nearly everywhere，except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles.”可知选B。2Ants can use pheromones for_.AescapeBcommunicationCwarning enemiesDarranging labor答案B细节理解题。由第二段中的“Where we use sound and sight to communicate，ants depend primarily on pheromones(外激素).”可知，蚂蚁主要依靠外激素来交流，选B。3What does the underlined expression “take on” in Paragraph 3 mean?AAccept.BEmploy.CPlay with.DFight against.答案D词义猜测题。根据下文的 attack和defeat可知选D。4Which of the following contributes most to the survival of ants? ATheir behavior.BTheir size.CTheir number.DTheir weight.答案A细节理解题。由第一段最后一句及最后一段第一句可知选A。Task 2：词汇积累1astonishingly adv.令人吃惊地；令人惊讶地 2send out 发出；放出 3completely adv.完全地；彻底地 4fearless adj.无畏的；大胆的 5roughly adv.粗略地6division n划分；分界线；分开7under attack 遭受攻击8conflict n冲突9primarily adv.主要地；起初地10sacrifice v牺牲Task 3：语法填空In fact，when it comes _1_ the art of war，ants have no equal.They are _2_ (complete) fearless and will readily take on a creature much _3_ (large) than themselves，_4_ (attack) in large groups and overcoming their target.Such is their _5_ (devote) to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives _6_ (help) defeat an enemy.答案1.pletely3.larger4.attacking 5devotion6.to helpTask 4：单句改错1There are an extreme large number of ants worldwide.2Even more amazing is they achieve this level of organization.3When an individual ant comes under attack or is dead，it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.4In fact，when it comes to art of war，ants have no equal.答案1.extremeextremely2.在is后加上how 3deaddying4.在to后加上theTask 5：攻克长难句(分析句子结构，尝试翻译成汉语)When an ant finds food，it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to whe