南汇2012cbs week 1.doc

What doesnt kill you makes you stronger.Distinct Distinguish Discriminate Fluctuate Boom本义具体-抽象ChangeAlter modify Susceptible Suspect Receive ReceptionIble = able Digestible Readable You cant connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something - your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever - because believing that the dots will connect down the road will give you the confidence to follow your heart, even when it leads you off the well-worn path, and that will make all the difference.- 节选自乔布斯2005年斯坦福毕业典礼致辞大纲对词汇的要求词汇5000-5500 （相当于六级到考研要求的词汇量）除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等;掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词，形容词与介词，形容词与名词等;掌握词汇生产的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等” 有一部分 A part ofA proportion of.约束Restrain oneself 阻止(never) Hinder DisappearDissolve Solution concentrate从真题看词汇考察的几个层次1. 词形相关This clearly shows that crops and weeds have quite a number of _ in common.A traitsBtracesC tracksD trails（A）Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around $110 billion, _ the $160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress.A in proportion toB in reply toC in relation to（D）D in contrast toTurn to turn down Turn up turn over2. 词义接近（包含中文释义接近和英文释义接近两大类；选项中还可能存在正确答案的反义词）Change alternate vary The local people were joyfully surprised to find the price of vegetables no longer _ according to the weather.A altered 改变,改动B converted 使转变；使转化Convert .o.C fluctuated 波动，起伏（C）Sb is fluctuating between a and b _ fluctuates.Price temper temperature D modified 更改；改变A altered 改变,改动B converted 使转变；使转化Convert .o.C fluctuated 波动，起伏D modified 更改；改变Change exchange Change 轻微改变 alter modify Mode改革 reform 修补 mend修订 revise修缮 renovate_ fluctuates.Price temperament temperatureIn the face of the disaster, the world has united to aid millions of _ people trying to piece their lives back together.A fragile 易碎的；虚弱的；纤巧的B primitive 原始的；粗糙的Cvulnerable 脆弱的；易受伤害的；易受影响的D susceptible 易受影响的；过敏的Steel is not as _ as cast iron; it does not break as easily.Aelastic 有弹力的；易顺应新思想的 Bbrittle 易碎的 C adaptable 适应性强的 Dflexible 有弹性的；灵活的；易适应的3. 搭配题 （分成语法搭配，语义搭配和固定用法搭配三类）Smart pain Wise vocation 使命感Nerd bliss They used to quarrel a lot, but now they are completely _with each other.A reconciled Re+ council Survive revive Renew refresh Renew the contract We are reconciled. C associatedAssociate v. N.Concentrate Be associated with = be related to.Associate with = interact with Reconcile Council Bnegotiated Negotiate with sb over sth D accommodated有多少词汇，就要记住多少语法搭配_ toBe the way to.Be the path to.We have access to.React to Reply to React to相似 比较Be comparable to.Be analogous to.WithAgree with Be in harmony with Conform with Conflict with 点 （热词、难词） 13 weeks完型 1 week阅读 2 week作文 1 week 寒假作业(海量）点-面1. 刷完热词以外所有六级词2. 六级考研阅读200篇2月以后 冲刺题型技巧Please _ yourself from smoking and spitting in public places, since the law forbids them.A restrain约束Hold back B hinder 阻碍Hamper impede C restrict.to. 限制 limitconfineD prohibit 禁止 banRestrict oneself to doing -Re+Vt.-Strain restrain Survive revive -Re + n./adj= vt./Council Reconcile -Renew Refresh -RestrainRe + strain Survive Revive Renew refresh Restrain oneself from Restrain ones emotions Restrict.to.Confine.to.范围限定到禁止 prohibit.from.阻碍Hinder the process/growth of. D prohibit语言点1. 系统化梳理2. 上升到语料积累的高度Several international events in the early 1990s seem likely to _, or at least weaken, the trends that emerged in the 1980s.A revolt反抗B revolve 围绕C reverse 逆转 D revive 使。重现The returns in the short _ may be small, but over a number of years the investment will be well repaid.A at intervalB rangeC span （D） D termCome to terms with We are reconciled with 4. 上下文语义一致题 （选项多表现为词义各不相同，只有一个单词最符合上下文语义）In the late 19th century, Jules Verne, the master of science fiction, foresaw many of the technological wonders that are _ today.Atransient 转瞬即逝的B commonplace 平凡的；普通的C implicit 含蓄的；固有的D elementary 基本的；基础的5. 综合题 （能熟练运用词形，词义，搭配和语义一致性的知识点的考生可以较快找出答案）When it comes to.Genetic factors Family upbringing Schooling Language, culture and personality may be considered _ of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact. A indistinctly distinct ： 显著不同；清晰B separatelyC irrelevantly 语义为先Relate to/ be relevant to.D independently Depend on 靠Rest on Be dependent on.Be independent of.独立于 脱离于Get rid ofBe deprived of丧失从完型填空观察对词汇的综合考察Music produces profound and lasting changes in the11 brain. Schools should add music classes, not cut them. Nearly 20 years ago, a small study advanced the 1 that listening to Mozarts Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major could boost mental functioning. It was not long 2 trademarked “Mozart effect” products began to appeal to anxious parents aiming to put toddlers (刚学步的孩子) 3 the fast track to prestigious universities like Harvard and Yale. Georgias governor even 4 giving every newborn there a classical CD or cassette.1.A)notice B)note C)notion D)notification2.A)that B)until C)since D)Before3.A)up B)by C)on D)at4.A)propelled B) proposed = put forwardSuggest advise C) submitted D)subjected阅读的本质是一种比对关系1. 题目本身是原文认为有关联处的同义(快速阅读就是重现）2. 错误选项是对原文的错误摘抄（表面是在照抄，其实抄的过程中有变化）抄了+ 杜撰拼凑张冠李戴因果逆转3. 难度高的正确选项包含原文当中对应部分的一个或多个同义项4. 实在做不出来的时候，猜测的大体原则是：明显在照抄的可能是错的，而无法看出有表面抄录关系的可能是正确答案。阅读理解的考察和单词认知有什么关系？For most of the 20th century, Asia asked itself what it could learn from the modern, innovating West. Now the question must be reversed. What can the Wests overly indebted and sluggish (经济滞长的) nations learn from a flourishing Asia?Just a few decades ago, Asias two giants were stagnating(停滞不前) under faulty economic ideologies. However, once China began embracing /rejecting free-market reforms in the 1980s, followed by India in the 1990s, both countries achieved rapid growth. Crucially, as they opened up their markets, they balanced market economy with sensible government direction. As the Indian economist Amartya Sen has wisely said, “The invisible hand of the market has often relied heavily on the visible hand of government.”请重点思考一下从原文对应到选项的词汇有何变化？而这对判断选项的正误有什么影响？What has contributed to the rapid economic growth in China and India?A) Copying western-style economic behavior.B) Heavy reliance on the hand of government.C) Timely reform of government at all levels.D) Free market plus government intervention.从作文评分标准看词汇的重要性优秀包含所有内容要点使用丰富的语法结构和词汇语言自然流畅，语法错误极少有效地采用了多种衔接手法，文字连贯，层次分明；及格虽漏掉一些内容，但包含多数要点应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的需求有一些语法和词汇的错误，但不影响理解采取了简单的衔接手法，内容较连贯，层次较清晰练习：用尽可能多的方法来改写以下这句话：Everyone agrees that.There is no denying in saying that.It is no doubt that.It is widely accepted that.It is acknowledged that.Consensus is that.如何准备单词“从外到内”的深度理解a.按照词形接近进行归类记忆前缀 dismiss dissolve dispatch 后缀 accumulate terminate assimilate 固定词干 pose expose dispose propose impose词形接近 indignity indignation b. 按照词义接近归类记忆 (包括同反义和表达相关一类事物）worsen aggravate deteriorate evaluate assess appraise anger fury contempt scorn despise outrage explicit implicit obscure plain definite ambiguous c. 掌握一定程度的记住单词多义的办法；能理解多义和本义的关系（从具体义转到抽象义）而不是死记单词的多义不是按照词频高低绝对顺序记，而是找到具体-抽象 本义-延伸模糊理解，不是强行死记。如果在例句中能理解大意，即算是过关Brace: n. 托架；支架；背带；畸齿矫正钢丝架Vt. 支撑；加固；使防备Education should enable student to brace their will.He braced his muscles and lifted the weight.During financial recession, the public have to brace themselves for rising rate of unemployment. extinguish evaporate dilute condense He extinguished his opponents with solid evidence.Dreams will quickly evaporate unless we hasten to put them into actions.They plan to dilute the criterial for admission to the university.Due to the time limit, you might have to condense the manuscript to half its original length. Quiz:gap的本义指“缺口，裂缝”；以下例句中的gap是什么含义？It seems that the trade gap between the two countries is widening.These scientists filled the gap left by their predecessors.There was an awkward gap in the conversation.d. 掌握一定程度的单词语义搭配，而不是用中文意思来界定词汇的关系The idea arose because of the _ behavior of the women in the plant. According to accounts of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed .It did not matter what was done in the experiment; so long as something was changed, productivity rose. A controversial B perplexing C mischievous D ambiguous这些词汇的常见搭配是Controversial issue perplexing phenomenon ambiguous explanation e. 掌握词汇时要注意积累一定的应用词汇；最好记住一些好的表达法(但)这并没有(根本地)改变这一事实 It doesnt fundamentally alter the fact that 别无选择只能去做 Have no alternative but to do 满足大众对便捷交通的欲望 Satisfy the public appetite for convenient transit大家（普遍、急切地）盼望的是 it is (widely/keenly) anticipated that.如何处理词义多，搭配（语法、语义）复杂的单词？如何去理解单词而不是死记？Render vt.使得；使成为 render=make 2. 给予，提供 3.付给；缴纳4. 提出；发出；呈报；汇报 5. 交出；舍弃 6. 说出，道出 7. 正是做出判决；下达8. 以艺术形式表达 9. 翻译 10. 履行；做。动作I rejected his advice in terms which rendered it impossible for him to address me again.If we can at any time render you a similar service, we shall be glad to do so.The jury rendered a verdict of guilty.The artist favors sculpture rendered in bronze. Exclude/Exclusive exclude:1. 不让。进入；把。排斥在外；不包括2. 赶出；逐出；开除3. 不容许。的存在；对。不予考虑1 to purposefully not include something a special diet that excludes dairy products Some of the data was specifically excluded from the report.2 to not allow someone to take part in something or not allow them to enter a place, especially in a way that seems wrong or unfair The press had been deliberately excluded from the event.3 to decide that something is not a possibility Social workers have excluded abuse as a reason for the childs disappearance. exclusive:1.排斥的；除外的2.排除其他一切的；唯一的；专一的3.独有的，独享的4.独家的5.高级的，时髦的1 available or belonging to particular people, and not sharedTune in to our exclusive report next.This price is exclusive to our regular customers.2 exclusive places, organizations, clothes are so expensive that not many people can afford to use or buy them This is an exclusive suburb of New York. 3 deliberately not allowing someone to do something or be part of a group Aaa a racially exclusive hiring policy 4 mutually exclusive if two things are mutually exclusive, you cannot have or do both of them Ar 5 exclusive of something not including 6 concerned with only one thing Our exclusive concern will be to fight corruption.练习：以下是朗文四版对implicit的解释；在记忆过程中大家应该注意什么？Implicit1 suggested or understood without being stated directly 含蓄的，未言明的Implicit criticism/threat/assumption Her words contained an implicit threat. 她话里带着威胁。His statement is being seen as implicit criticism of the work of research laboratories. 他的言论被认为是对研究实验室工作的含蓄批评。2 formal forming a central part of something, but without being openly stated【正式】 隐含其中的；不明言的： +in Confidentiality is implicit in your relationship with a counselor.在你与顾问的关系中，为你保守秘密是不言而喻的。3 complete and containing no doubts 完全的，毫无疑问的Implicit faith/trust/beliefThey had implicit faith in his powers.他们绝对相信他的能力。结合以上字典词条，请思考以下问题：1. 字典以什么样的原则甄选列出的词义？2. 使用双解字典有什么好处？3. 权威字典除了罗列词义，还之处了词条的那些重要特征？4. 阅读完词条后，应该重点记忆什么？特别提示：各级试题往往会借鉴字典的例句六级真题Weve just installed a fan to _ cooking smells from the kitchen.A)ejectB) excludeC) expelD) exile牛津高阶第七版原例句He tried to expel air from the lungs.如何预习课程Level AEuropes earlier industrial growth was _ by the availability of key resources, abundant and cheap labor, coal, iron ore, etc.A)constrained阻止；限制B)detained拘留，扣押；耽搁C) remainedD) sustained 使持续；遭受，经受；维持。的生命；使强壮，保持信心；支撑，承受重量；证明，证实Level B能适当摘抄短例句来帮助理解词