大学英语b统考辅导讲座（2012年9月统考）106p

大学英语B,统考辅导,（2012年9月）统考,最新机考考试题型,第一部分：交际用语（15分，5题）第二部分：阅读理解（30分，10题，2篇短文）一篇 判断题（新题型），一篇选择题第三部分：词汇与结构（10分，5题）,最新机考考试题型,第四部分：完型填空（10分， 5题）（新题型：选词填空式的完型填空）第五部分：英译汉（20分， 4题）第六部分：写作（15分）,复习资料（一）,大学英语B统考在线模拟测试1.登录用户名为学号，密码为身份证号最后六位 2.完成后电脑会自动给你打分（作文成绩不打分）3.本系统是题库，每次进入的题目都不一样，大家可以反复进入该系统进行模拟练习,大学英语B&C复习资料汇编 ,内容提要：一、大学英语B统考大纲及试卷结构和题型二、各题型专项训练 1. 阅读专项训练 （提供阅读文章译文，同时可以作为英译汉练习） 2. 交际英语对话专项训练,复习资料（二）,大学英语B&C复习资料汇编 ,3. 词汇与结构题专项训练 4. 英译汉专项训练 6.大学英语B机考作文题及范文 三、新题型模拟试卷系列（一）大学英语B机考模拟试卷（15套）四、统考语法概要与例句题解 五、统考必备英语词汇,光盘,大学英语B&C复习资料汇编 ,大学英语B&C复习资料汇编 ,各个题型复习应试方法：,进入网络学院网站“大学英语统考园地”观看大学英语统考应试的视频（共七讲）,复习资料（三）,新增最新复习资料（本阶段复习重点）,2012年9月大学英语B统考最后冲刺10套模拟试卷2012年9月大学英语B统考各题型强化训练,大学英语B新题型解题思路讲解,新题型讲解1:阅读理解判断题,阅读理解应试：答题对策,1. 先看题目,再看选项,最后看文章 (区分主题题和细节题)2. 针对题目或选项中的阿拉伯数字，大写字母等文字，先找这些文字在文中的对应之处。3. 通过上下文猜测关键生词,Tom arrived at the bus station quite early for Paris bus. The bus for Paris would not leave until five to twelve. He saw a lot of people waiting in the station. Some were standing in line, others were walking around. There was a group of schoolgirls. Their teacher was trying to keep them in line. Tom looked around, but there was no place for him to sit. (1) He walked into the station cafe. He looked up at the clock there. It was only twenty to twelve.,He found a seat and sat down before a large mirror on the wall. Just then, Mike, one of Toms workmates came in and sat with Tom. What time is your bus? asked Mike. Theres plenty of time yet answered Tom. Well, Ill get you some more tea then said Mike.,(2) They talked while drinking. Then Tom looked at the clock again. Oh! Its going backward he cried. A few minutes ago it was twenty to twelve, and now its half past eleven.“ (3) (4) Youre looking at the clock in the mirror. said Mike. Tom was so sad. The (5) (5)next bus was not to leave for another hour. Since then Tom has never liked mirrors.,(1)、Tom went into the station cafe because Mike asked him to have a cup of tea. A：T B：F,答案： B,(2)、Tom and Mike talked while drinking. A：T B：F,答案： A,(3)、When Tom looked at the clock in the mirror, its actually half past twelve. A：T B：F,答案： A,(4)、From the story we know that when we look at a clock in a mirror, we will find its going backward. A：T B：F,答案： A,(5)、Tom arrived in Paris on time. A：T B：F,答案： B,新题型讲解2:选词填空式完型填空,以下短文中共包含5个未完成的句子，针对每个句子中空缺部分，请从A、B、C、D、E五个选项中选出正确选项。 Modern zoos are very different from zoos that were built fifty years ago. At that time, zoos were places 1 people could go to see animals from many parts of the world. The animals lived in cages that were made 2 concrete with iron bars, cages that were easy to keep clean. Unfortunately for the animals, the cages were small and impossible to hide in. The zoo environment was anything but natural. 3 the zoo keepers took good care of the animals and fed them well, many of the animals did not thrive; they behaved in strange ways, and they often became ill. In modern zoos, people can see animals in more natural habitats. The animals are given more 4 in large areas so that they can live more comfortably as they would in nature. Even the appearance of zoos has changed. Trees and grass grow in the cages, and streams of water flow 5 the areas that animals live in.A：of B：Although C：where D：over E：freedom,新题型讲解选词填空式完型填空1.可以不必通读全文，直接从单词的词性、动词的不同形式和名词的单复数入手，把容易的先填上去，逐一排除，最后剩下的一个就是最后一个空的2. 如果出现两个或两个以上同词性的词语，再结合上下句进行筛选,A：of (介词) B：Although （连词） C：where （疑问代词，关系代词） D：over （介词） E：freedom （名词）,Modern zoos are very different from zoos that were built fifty years ago. At that time, zoos were places 1 people could go to see animals from many parts of the world. A：of (介词) B：Although （连词） C：where （疑问代词，关系代词） D：over （介词） E：freedom （名词）,答案： C,The animals lived in cages that were made 2 concrete with iron bars, cages that were easy to keep clean. A：of (介词) B：Although （连词） C：where （疑问代词，关系代词） D：over （介词） E：freedom （名词）,答案： A,Unfortunately for the animals, the cages were small and impossible to hide in. The zoo environment was anything but natural. 3 the zoo keepers took good care of the animals and fed them well, many of the animals did not thrive; they behaved in strange ways, and they often became ill. A：of (介词) B：Although （连词） C：where （疑问代词，关系代词） D：over （介词） E：freedom （名词）,答案： B,In modern zoos, people can see animals in more natural habitats. The animals are given more 4 in large areas so that they can live more comfortably as they would in nature. A：of (介词) B：Although （连词） C：where （疑问代词，关系代词） D：over （介词） E：freedom （名词）,答案： E,Even the appearance of zoos has changed. Trees and grass grow in the cages, and streams of water flow 5 the areas that animals live in. A：of (介词) B：Although （连词） C：where （疑问代词，关系代词） D：over （介词） E：freedom （名词）,答案： D,词汇与语法,1、There have been many _ in their marriage but they still love each other. A：right and wrong B：back and forth C：ups and downs D：right and left考点：固定搭配词组表达,答案： C,2、I dont know _ to deal with such matter. A：what B：how C：which D：/考点：疑问代词的应用,词汇与语法,答案： B,3、As the bus came round the corner, it ran _ a big tree by the roadside. A：into B：on C：over D：up考点：动词词组搭配,词汇与语法,答案： A,4、When Lily came home at 5 p.m. yesterday, her mother _ dinner in the kitchen. A：cooked B：was cooking C：cooks D：has cooked考点：时态,词汇与语法,答案： B,5、The young lady coming over to us _ our English teacher; the way she walks tells us that! A：must be B：can be C：would be D：could be考点：情态动词和助动词的用法,词汇与语法,答案： A,6、Wu Dong was _tired that he couldnt keep his eyes open. A：too B：much C：such D：so考点：sothat 句型,词汇与语法,答案： D,7、Many people watched the boys _the mountain at that time. A：climb B：climbing C：to climb D：climbed考点：动名词或动词后的固定搭配,词汇与语法,答案： B,8、What is the train _ to Birmingham? A：fee B：tip C：fare D：cost考点：近义词辨析,词汇与语法,答案： C,9、Would you let _ to the park with my classmate, Mum? A：me go B：me going C：I go D：I going考点：let sb do sth 固定搭配,词汇与语法,答案： A,10、_ the War of Independence, the United States was an English colony. A：Before B：At C：In D：Between考点：介词 （提示：本题可以完全通过意思来选择）,词汇与语法,答案： A,11、On formal _, people pay more attention to manners. A：situations B：cases C：conditions D：occasions考点：固定搭配：,词汇与语法,答案： D (on occasion 在场合),12、It was in 1969 _the American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon. A：when B：the moment C：which D：that,词汇与语法,答案： D （It is that 强调句句型）,13、A sudden noise of a fire-engine made him_to the door. A：hurrying B：hurried C：hurry D：to hurry,词汇与语法,答案： C （make sb do sth 用法搭配）,14、_ these honours he received a sum of money. A：Except B：But C：Besides D：Outside考点：近义词辨析,词汇与语法,答案： C （besides是包含在内的排除，except是不包含在内的排除）,15、The students were all entertained in a Mexican restaurant, at Professor Brians _. A：money B：pay C：expense D：loss 考点：近义词辨析,词汇与语法,答案： C （at ones expense 花 的钱，用的经费）,要背的作文（一）书信,May 12th, 2011Dear Tom: Havent seen you for long. How are you these days? Do you still live in the same house you rent after your graduation? Its hard to find a suitable job these days. What about your job?,Luckily, I have just found a new job in a computer company. Though it is well-paid, I have to work overtime now and then. I like my present job, because the boss and the colleagues are easy to get along with. By the way, I have just moved to a new house near the city center. If you have time on weekends, please drop in for a visit. Hope to hear from you soon! With my best wishes! yours David,要背的作文（二）写人,My Teacher/My mother/My classmate My English teacher is a beautiful lady. There is always a smile on her face. She likes singing. She is good at playing the piano. In the evening, she always sits in front of the piano and plays nice music. She is a good dancer, too. Sometimes she teaches us dancing. She likes dogs very much because the dog is very friendly and cute. Her favorite color is blue, because blue is the color of the sky and the sea. She is my favorite teacher. Our classmates all like her very much.,(1)The sports I like best /My hobby(业余爱好) (2) A Happy Day (3) A Holiday (The Mid-autumn Festival) (4)How to keep healthy If you want to keep healthy, you should often do some exercise. I like climbing the hills. It was a fine day. At about nine oclock, we began to climb the mountain. We enjoyed it and we didnt feel tired at all. We sang and chatted while we were climbing the mountain. When we got to the top of the mountain, we found ourselves sweating and out of breathe. We sat on the stones in the sunshine to have a rest. Everything was so beautiful that all of us couldnt help shouting to the mountain loudly, “We love nature!” It was a really happy day.,要背的作文（三）记事,要背的作文（四）地点,My Hometown/ My Traveling My hometown is Beijing. Last summer, I went to Beijing for a visit. Beijing is the capital of China. There are many historic scenic spots in Beijing such as the Summer Palace, the Forbidden City, Great Wall and the tomb of ancient emperors. It is not only an ancient city but also a modern one. Beijing is becoming more and more beautiful. In 2008, the 29th Olympic Games was held there. Many new modern and beautiful buildings have been built and attract millions of tourists every year. I like Beijing very much.,Television/ Computer / internet / mobile phones Television has its good as well as bad sides. It makes us informed of daily news, lets us know the outside world, provides lessons for learners, and it has brought joy and interest into peoples lives. However, some television programs have been extremely harmful to the young. Violent movies are shown on TV programs. Children regard the murders as heroes or models, so they may imitate. (However, its radiation is harmful to ones health.) So people should learn to get ride of the bad influences of TV and learn to make use of the advantages that TV brings us.,要背的作文（五）议论文,短文写作,注意事宜：1.不要见题就写, 应该认真审题, 仔细构思, 2.要正确使用标点符号, 尤其是逗号(英语中除了长句外,很少用到逗号,一个句子结束就得用句号)3.注意标点格式,一句结束要先句点，再空格。,英译汉翻译,例4：John and his brother differ in personality even if S Vtheir differences in age are not significant. S V Oa约翰和他弟弟薪水拿得不一样，因为担任的职务完全不同。（连接词意思弄错，其他修饰语也弄错，但料能得到一点分数）b约翰和他弟弟面貌不一样，尽管个子差异不大。（连接词正确，但面貌与个子之间不应存在转折逻辑关系，也能得到一些分数）c约翰和他弟弟性情不同，尽管年代差异不显著。,例4：John and his brother differ in personality even if S Vtheir differences in age are not significant. S V Od约翰和他弟弟尽管年龄相差不大，性格却宭然不同。（前后两个分句顺序颠倒翻译更符合汉语习惯）可以看出，复杂句或并列句的一个重点是辨认出连接词，再加上其他副词等，才可以确定分句之间的逻辑关系。因此记住主要的英语连接词意思对正确翻译句子很有帮助。,“交际用语”解题技巧,交际用语解题技巧（一） 解题三原则,A. 礼貌原则 无论在任何场合、表达什么看法/情感，发话/发问和应答都要有礼貌，即使表达不同看法或批评意见，也要委婉间接表达，使对方听起来不刺耳，例如：,交际用语解题技巧（一） 解题三原则, Do you think I can use your car for one day? .A. Im afraid not. B. No, you cant.C. I wont let you do that. D. Absolutely not.解析：此题第一说话人向对方提出请求“想借车一用”，对方如果不能答应，应该委婉地表示拒绝。因此选A。礼貌原则还表现在拒绝一个请求的方式上：一种是委婉地回绝，上面例子“Im afraid not”就是这种情况；,交际用语解题技巧（一） 解题三原则,另一种是先表同意，然后用“but”来个转折，表达出不同意的意思。例如：I would like to，butThats a good idea，but,交际用语解题技巧（一） 解题三原则,B. 利他原则 在日常交际中，英语国家人民形成了一种习俗，即要尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便，对别人遇到的好事/成功要表示高兴，坏事要表示难过/惋惜，因此在交际用语中也要体现出来这种倾向，例如：,交际用语解题技巧（一） 解题三原则, I am going to the City Hall, can you tell me how to get there, madam? .A. No, you dont know B. I dont know.C. Yes, you will.D. Sorry, I am new here too. But you can ask the policeman over there.解析：此题第一说话人在向对方询问道路，按照利他原则，应尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便。所以选D，首先表示歉意，自己也不知道，同时给出一些有帮助的建议。,交际用语解题技巧（一） 解题三原则,C. 文化遵从原则 在选择交际用语时，大家要有跨文化视角，也就是说，要克服本民族的习惯思维和应答模式，要使用得体的、符合对方习惯的方式来应答。例如：,交际用语解题技巧（一） 解题三原则,Mary, your dress is really beautiful. How is John? . A. Thank you very muchB. No, no, John is not badC. Thank you. He is fineD. Dont say that. Its ugly. John is good解析：按照英美国家的文化，当受到他人的赞扬时，应该真诚地表示感谢，这也是对说话人的尊重。如果一味谦虚说“不、没有、还差得远”等，反而就不礼貌了， 这与中国人的习惯和思维不太一样，所以选C。,交际用语解题技巧（二） 排除法解题,排除法解题错项的类型大体有：A. 选项本身语法错误；B.选项议题与谈话主题无关；C.选项明显违反上述三原则；D. 选项虽然与谈话主题有关，但不能提供发问者要求的信息、态度或观点；,交际用语解题技巧（二） 排除法解题,2） You are not the manager here, are you? . A. Yes, Im not B. No, I amC. Yes, I am D. No, not at all讲解： 选项A，B 都属于本身语法错误，不看发问句也可以排除。D 语法无错，但不能提供发问句要求的信息，属错项，答案是C。,End,交际用语解题技巧（三） 分类解题法,End,（一） 询问类1、请求允许和应答第一：A.提出请求May /Can /could I use (borrow/take/ask/see) ？(我可以用/借/问/看吗？)I wonder /I am wondering if? (不知道我能否？)Would you please？ (能请你吗？)Do you think ? (你是否认为？)B. 回答请求同意Sure./Certainly./Of course. / By all means./ Yes, do please. / Here you are. / Help yourself. (可以/当然/拿去/请便。)回绝Im afraid (我恐怕)Im sorry, but(对不起，但是)Im sorry you cant. /Youd better not.(很抱歉，不行。/你最好别这样。),第二：A. 提出请求 Do / Would you mind if I / my doing (你是否介意？)B.回答请求同意No，I dont mind./ Of course not./ Not at all.(不介意./当然不介意/一点也不介意) Please do./ Go ahead, please./ OK.(行，做吧。)不同意Yes, I do. (我介意),【典型示例】1）Would you mind changing seats with me? _. A. Yes, you can.B. Of course, I like to. C. No, I dont mind.D. Certainly, please do.答案：C2）Do you mind my smoking here?_.A. No, thanks. B. Yes, I do.C. Yes, Id rather not. D. Good idea.答案：B,2、邀请与应答A.提出邀请Would you like to ？Will /Can you come to ？(你能来参加吗?)Id like to invite you to .(我想邀请你)B.回答邀请同意Yes / thank you, Id love to. (谢谢，我愿意。)Yes, its very kind of you. (愿意，你太好了。) That would be very nice. (那太好了。)回绝Thanks/Sorry，I(非常感谢/抱歉，我)Id like to but/ Id love to but(我很愿意去，但是),3、提供帮助及应答A. 提供帮助Can I help you / What can I do for you？ (有什么可以为您效劳吗？)Would you like me to help you with ? (我能帮您做吗？)B. 应 答接受帮助Thanks. That would be nice./ Its so nice of you. (多谢，那太好了)Thank you for your help.(感谢你的帮助)礼貌地回绝No, thanks./ Thats ok. I can manage it myself. (谢谢，不用了。我能处理),4、问 路A. 询问道路Excuse me, can you tell me the way to ？Excuse me, where is / how can I get to？(抱歉，请问去怎么走呢？)Is this right（the right way to）？ (请问这是去的路吗？)B. 回答当知道对方询问的道路，就一定要给出具体信息Go down（up）the street. /Turn right（left）(顺着街道往上/下走。在右/左转。)Go straight ahead till you see (往前直走直到你看见)Its on the right（left） corner just ahead. (在前面右边/左边转角处。) 当不知道对方询问的道路，抱歉地说明原委Sorry，I dont know. Sorry, Im a stranger here. (抱歉，我不知道。),5、询问具体信息A.询问询问的主题为：时间、地点、距离、费用、人物、事件、频率等。Who/ What/ When/ Where（何人/何事/何时/何地）How long/How often/How many（时间多长或距离多远/频率/数量多少）,B. 回答:直扣主题，提供对方需要的信息。注意：特殊疑问句的答语通常针对特殊疑问词做出具体的回答。一般疑问句通常用yes和no来回答， 时态人称要一致。 当情态动词must引起一般问句：“必须吗？”，其否定回答通常用“you neednt/dont have to”表示“没有必要”。选择疑问句是问话者提供两个或两个以上答案供对方择一回答的问句，答语应做出一个明确的选择。反意问句的答语应根据实际情况确定：内容是肯定的，就用yes，其后则跟肯定句 ；内容是否定的，则用no，其后则跟否定句。,【典型示例】1）Paul, ? Oh, thats my father! And beside him, my mother.A. what is the person over thereB. whos talking over thereC. what are they doingD. which is that答案：B,2）How often do you go dancing? _.A. I will go dancing tomorrow.B. Yesterday.C. Every other day.D. Ive been dancing for a year.答案：C，意为“每隔一天去跳一次舞。”,3）Are there any drug-stores around here? _. A. Yes, there is one on the left corner B. Yes, it is C. No, it isnt D. Oh, you must have a cold 答案：A,4）Shall we sit up here on the grass or down there near the water?_.A. Id rather stay here if you dont mind. B. Sorry, I dont like neither. C. Certainly, why not?D. Yes, we like these two places.答案：A,5）Must I take a taxi?No, you . You can take my car. A. had better toB. dontC. must notD. dont have to答案：D,（二）看法类1、表达惊讶，喜悦第一：惊讶Really?/ Is that so? / Oh dear! / Good heavens!(真的？/ 哎呀！/天哪!)第二：喜悦Thats nice /wonderful/ great！(真好!),2、表示附和、赞同第一：附和与赞同Yes, I think so. (是的，我也这样认为。)I agree (with you). (我同意你的看法。)I cant agree with you more.。 (我非常同意。)第二：不赞同No, I dont think so. (我不这样认为。)Im afraid not. I cant agree with you. (我不同意你的看法。),3、表示肯定与否 Im sure. /Im not sure. (我确定。/我不确定。)Maybe / Perhaps(或许)4、表示喜好、厌恶I likevery much. (我很喜欢)I dont like（hate）(我不喜欢/讨厌)So do I. / Neither do I.(我也/我也不),（三）功能类1、打电话A. 发话方Hello！May/Could/Can I speak to ? Is in/over there? (你好！请找某某接电话好吗?)B. 受话方当你就是对方要找的听话人时：This is (speaking). Speaking. (我就是某某，请讲。)Who is that (speaking)? (你是哪位?),当对方要找的人不在场时，需要去叫他/她Hold on, please/One moment. (Ill get him/her.) (请稍等，我去叫他/她。)当对方要找的人不在或不能接电话时，Sorry, he is busy at the moment. Sorry, he isnt here / is out right now. (对不起，他/她不在/现在忙)(Can I take a message for you?)(我能替你捎个话吗?)当发现对方拨错电话号码时，Im afraid youve got the wrong number. (我想你拨错号码了。),2、购 物A.售货员Can/May I help you？/ What can I do for you. (你想买点什么呢?)B.顾