上体馆中心2018届iread08含答案.doc

2018届高三英语 iread试卷08II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Surviving in the Wilderness Many people enjoy traveling through wild and deserted landscapes, but few expected to end up in a genuine survival situation. The unexpected occasionally(21) _(happen), however, so you should be prepared. Imagine finding_(22) in the middle of a wilderness with a broken-down jeep and hardly any food and water. What should your priorities be? Should you stay with your vehicle and hope(23) _(rescue)? Or should you search for civilization and risk getting even more lost? Should you spend time searching for water or food first? Or should you postpone worrying about food and water (24)_ you have managed to find or build a shelter?If you are not sure, keep reading-this article could save your life!Priority 1 ShelterDo you put off(25)_(make) a shelter-it should be your first priority.Try enlarging an existing, natural shelter, such as a hole in the ground below a(an)(26) _(fall) tree. If you happen to be near a rocky coast, build a shelter and cover it with wood from the beach. If you are on the move, stop to build your shelter while it is still light.Priority 2 WaterIf you fail to find water, you will only survive for about three days( whereas you can survive for weeks without food). If there is no rain, try walking through vegetation early in the morning to collect moisture in clothing. Avoid drinking water (27)_ looks or smells bad.Priority 3 FireFire has many uses. It makes food more appetizing. If you cant face eating raw worms, boil them in water to make a nourishing soup! Fire protects(28)_ dangerous animals, since many will not dare to approach it. And you can also use it for signaling to rescuers-(29)_they give up looking for you.Priority 4 Food It is quite easy to get food in the wild, if you know where to look. Many survival books suggest eating a small amount of unknown plants to test (30)_ they are poisonous. However, we do not recommend to do this, since some plants are so poisonous that even a very small amount can cause serious health problems.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. appropriate B. bursts C. conductive D. consult E. densely F initialG. publicly H. publications I. references J. require K sense. Reading as part of writingOne of the techniques of writing successfully in an academic environment is to be able to combine the important points of what you have read with your own writing. To do this, you must have a clear picture of what you have read, and this in itself will _31_ active and focused reading. With academic reading, it is necessary to focus constantly on what the author is saying. Yet many academic texts are_32_ written in unfamiliar ways, which make them much more difficult to manage than, for example, a novel or a magazine article.Although sometimes there may be reasons why you need to skim-read an article or book, this is likely to be only to get the general idea of what is being said, as a way of deciding whether it is _33_ reading material or not. In general, skim-reading is not a particularly useful strategy for a student, but you may well be used to doing this in other contexts, for example, skimming through a newspaper article or surfing the web. Instead of skim-reading, you will be developing ways of concentrating on quite dense texts and making _34_ of them.Even though you may only be reading for short_35_ of time, it is likely that you will have to concentrate far more intensely on academic reading material than, for example, when reading for pleasure. You dont necessarily have to work in the library, but you will need to decide what type of location and atmosphere suits you best, and establish conditions that are _36_ to effective study.The _37_ difficulty that most students face is choosing their reading. The first thing to do is to _38_ the reading list you have been given for books and articles that seem relevant to your particular assignment. Doing a library search, by key words or subject, is also useful if the _39_ on your reading list are already on loan from the library. Your tutor should also be able to advise you as to which are the most relevant_40_ or websites. III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Even before the dust had settled on the wreckage of our financial institutions, the accusations were flying. Who was really to _41_? Was it the greedy investment bankers who were only too happy to take huge risks with loans and credit as long as they were gaining enormous profits? Was it the lenders, who were _42_ to lend money to people far beyond their creditworthiness? Were the politicians and regulators at fault for allowing debt to build up unchecked? Or were the homebuyers responsible for taking out loans they could never expect to _43_? And lets not forget the _44_, who were happy to take the returns on offer without asking why the interest rates were so high.Of course, the truth is that all of the above _45_ the collapse and, unless we stop pointing the finger at each other and focus on the serious business of recognizing our _46_ responsibility for our difficulty, we will find ourselves repeating the same mistakes.Lets face it, we are not good at learning lessons from past _47_. The Great Depression of the 1930s was, like the current crisis, preceded by a housing boom, a long period of cheap credit and a stock market crash. There are also disturbing _48_ between recent developments and the events in Japan in the 1990s.But already there are worrying signs of our being _49_. Investment banks are falling back into old habits, hiring high-fliers on unbelievably high salaries and bonus in the name of We need good people. Meanwhile, governments are hesitating in their commitment to _50_ the tough financial regulations that they were banging their fists about only months ago. It is as though we can only _51_ for so long. Then we shrug our shoulders and head unwittingly in the direction of the next _52_.The _53_ is not to express our anger to each other. _54_, we all need to pausebankers, borrowers, lenders, savers, legislators and regulatorsand acknowledge our failure. Then we must have the courage to take the necessary steps, whether political, corporate or _55_, to prevent yet another cycle of boom and bust. 41.A.blameB.expectC.remainD.represent42.A.giftedB.reluctantC.preparedD.humble43.A.repayB.obtainC.arrangeD.secure44.A.regulatorsB.borrowersC.saversD.lawyers45.A.depended onB.contributed toC.resulted fromD.set up46.A.temporaryB.lifelongC.individualD.collective47.A.discoveriesB.errorsC.reformsD.markets48.A.barriersB.differencesC.balancesD.parallels49.A.powerlessB.forgetfulC.regretfulD.careless50.A.imposeB.cancelC.neglectD.explain51.A.go aheadB.put offC.look backwardsD.make up52.A.crisisB.boomC.centuryD.promise53.A.processB.reasonC.solutionD.apology54.A.BesidesB.MeanwhileC.OtherwiseD.Instead55.A.professionalB.personalC.formalD.educationalSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Over six decades the pianist Alfred Brendel gradually built up and maintained a dominant position in the world of classical music. He was an intellectual figure who explored and recorded the main stream European works for the piano. He wrote and played a great deal, but taught very little.And then, four or five years ago, a young boy Kit Armstrong, appeared backstage at one of Brendels concerts and asked for lessons. Initially, Brendel didnt take the suggestion very seriously. He had had very few pupils and he saw no reason to start now. He quotes from another famous pianist: You dont employ a mountain guide to teach a child how to walk. But there was something that struck him about the young boythen about 14. He listened to him play. Brendel explained, He played remarkably well and by heart. Then he brought me a CD of a little recital he had given where he played so beautifully that I thought to myself, “I have to make time for him.” It was a performance that really led you from the first to last note.As Brendel is bowing of the public eye, Kit is making his way into itrestrained by Brendel, ever nervous about the young man burning out early. Kit, now 19, is a restless, impatient presence away from the lessonsalways learning new languages; taking himself off to study maths, writing computer code or playing tennis. On top of all this he composes. This was very important, Brendel says, If you want to learn to read music properly it is helped by the fact that you try to write something yourself. Then I noticed that Kit had a phenomenal memory and that was a phenomenal sight reader. But more than this is his ability to listen to his own playing, his sensitivity to sound and his ability to listen to me when I try to explain something. He not only usually understands what I mean, but he can do it. And when I tell him one thing in a piece, he will do it everywhere in the piece where it comes in later.Brendel catches himself and looks at me severely. Now I dont want to raise any expectations. Im very angry if some newspapers try to do this. There was one article which named him as the future great pianist of the 21st century. I mean, really, its the worst thing. One doesnt say that in a newspaper. And it has done a great harm. As usual, with gifted young players, he can play certain things amazingly well, while others need more time and experience. It would be harmful if a critic was there expecting the greatest perfection.56. What can be leaned about Brendel from the first paragraph?A. He seldom took on pupils.B. He owed his success to his intelligence.C. He preferred playing the piano to composing.D. He became dominant in classical music sixty years ago.57. Brendel uses the quotation about the mountain guide to illustrate that _.A. it is not always easy to teach people the basicsB. it is unnecessary for an expert to teach people the basicsC. it is not wise to try to teach people new skills before they are readyD. it is impossible for people to learn something new without others help58. Which of Kits musical abilities does Brendel admire the most?A. Kit is able to write music himself.B. Kit is able to understand and respond to advice well.C. Kit is able to remember all the music he has ever played.D. Kit is able to play a piece of music the first time he sees it.59. Brendel catches himself (in Paragraph 4 )because _.A. he realizes he has said too much to a journalistB. he doesnt enjoy giving interviews to journalistsC. he hates the way that he has often been misquotedD. he wants to be careful he doesnt upset any music critics(B)Three strikes and youre out!FAQl Where does the term three strikes law come from?They named the law after the three strikes rule in baseball where the person batting is allowed two strikes (he can miss two balls), but on the third strike he is out. The three strikes law is based on the same principlethree convictions and youre taken out of society.l _?Twenty-six states in the USA have the three strikes law, but each state has its own interpretation of what it means. Some states say the three convictions must all involve violent crimes for the three strikes to apply. However, California is different from most other statesthey insist on giving life sentences for any third conviction.l Does the three strikes law work as deterrent?Some studies found that nationally there has been very little difference in the number of re-offenders since the laws were first used in the early 90s. Other studies suggest that it does stop criminals from re-offending. The number of murders in Los Angeles, California, fell from 1,000 in 1992 to 297 in 2010. But these figures do not convince everyone of the laws effectiveness.60. Which of the following is most likely to be sentenced to life according to the three strikes law?A. One who robbed a pizza shop for the first time.B. One who stole three video tapes from a supermarket.C. One who committed robbery after a theft and a robbery charge.D. One who took the written test of a driving test for his cousin again.61. Which of the following questions best fits the blank in the passage?A. Why is this law enforced in the USA?B. Is this law interrupted in the same way?C. What kind of crimes are involved in the law?D. In which state has this law been the least effective?62. The word “” most probably means something _.A. to prevent people from doing something wrongB. to convince people of the laws effectivenessC. to encourage people to stop violent crimesD. to make people afraid of being punished(C)New technologies are rattling the economy on all fronts. While the predictions are specific and dire, bigger changes are surely coming. Clearly, we need to adjust for the change ahead. But we may be preparing in the wrong way.Both history and psychology tell us that our capacity to predict the future is limited, while our capacity to believe in such predictions is unlimited. We have always been surprised.Rather than planning for the specific changes we imagine, it is better to prepare for the unimaginedfor change itself.Take education. Were we to plan for specific changes, we would start to teach skills we thought would be rewarded in the future. For example, computer programming might become even more important in high schools than it already is. Maybe that will prove to be wise and we will have a more productive work force.But perhaps technology evolves quickly enough that in a few decades we talk to rather than program, computers. In that case, millions of people would have invested in a skill as old-fashioned as penmanship.Instead, rather than changing what we teach, we could change when we teach.Currently, all the formal education most people will receive comes early in life. Specific skills may be learned on the job, but the fundamentals are acquired in school when we are young. This orderlearn early, benefit for a lifetimemakes sense only in a world where the useful skills stay constant.But in a rapidly changing world, the fundamentals that were useful decades ago may be useless now; more important, new essential skills may have arisen. Anyone helping a grandparent learn how to use a computer has experiences this problem.Once we recognize that human capital, like technology, needs refreshing, we have to restructure our institutions so people acquire education later in life. We dont merely need training programs for particular populations or circumstances, expensive and short executive-education and training people receive routinely at age 13.The safest prediction is that reality will outstrip our imaginations. So let us craft our education not just for what we expect but for what will surely surprise us.63. By “our capacity to predict the future is limited, while our capacity to believe in such predictions is unlimited”(in paragraph 2), the writer implies that _.A. predictions are coming true thanks to technologyB. we need to develop our ability to predict to the fullC. it is unwise to put so much of our trust in predictionsD. predicting in unlimited ways helps us get used to changes64.The example of programming is used in the passage to _.A. show how fast computer science is advancingB. illustrate what is taught now may soon be out of dateC. emphasize the importance of productive work forceD. argue for the necessity to teach students new technology65. What suggestion does the writer make about education?A. Fundamentals should be taught as early as possible.B. Students should be taught those constantly useful skills.C. Trainings should be classified according to circumstances.D. Schools should make it possible for us to get educated later.66. It can be concluded from the passage that _.A. the miraculous reality is what we need to draw inspiration fromB. technological advances have expanded our scope of imaginationC. the best way to prepare for the future may be to prepare for changeD. education is inevitably surprising us for what it does to human capitalSection CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. He is trying aNYthing to more projectmusic, books, even a documentary film.B. How do I turn my lifestyle into a business?C. A-Ron finds it hard to follow what young people are crazy about.D. While still working a retail job; A-Ron was also making a business out of being a cool guy.E. Why is it necessary to brand myself?F. A-Rons preferred form of expression, however, is non