新标准大学英语综合教程3unit3.ppt

sake n. C (usu. sing) (for the of / for sb.s )1) used to indicate sth. that is done as an end in itself rather than to achieve some other purpose 目的 e.g. 1. New ideas amount to change for changes sake. 新的思想会为变化而变化。2. I hope youre not doing this just for the sake of the money. 我希望你做这件事不光是为了钱。2) the benefit or regard of someone or something 利益；好处e.g. We hope for her sake that the wedding goes as planned. 看在她的份儿上，我们希望婚礼按计划进行。,Words & Phrases,plane n. C a level of thought, development, or existence 层次；水平e.g. 1. It was at United that Goram would reach a higher plane of achievement. 格拉姆在联队里才能达到更高的成就。2. The two books are on completely different intellectual planes. 这两本书完全在不同的知识层面上。,Words & Phrases,terminology n. U the words and phrases used in a particular business, science, or profession 术语；专门用语e.g. 1. chemical terminology 化学术语 2. I dont understand any of scientific terminology. 我对科学术语一无所知。,Words & Phrases,sensuous a. 1) relating to or affecting your physical senses rather than your emotions or thoughts 感官方面的；影响感官的e.g. He likes sensuous music. 他喜欢刺激的音乐。2) suggesting physical pleasure 肉体享受的；性感的e.g. She was attracted by that actors sensuous lips. 她被那个演员性感的嘴唇所吸引。,Words & Phrases,expressive a. 1) clearly showing what your thoughts or feelings are, especially by your behavior （尤指行为）富于表现力的，明确表露（想法或情感）的e.g. He gave an expressive shudder when asked to hold the snake. 当他被要求拿起那条蛇，他不寒而栗。2) ( of) (very fml) showing the essential features of an emotion, idea, or quality 表现的；表达的 e.g. The letter was expressive of his sincere regret. 这封信表达了他真诚的歉意。Word family: express v. expression n.,Words & Phrases,sheerly ad. purely;utterly; absolutely 纯粹地；全然地；绝对地e.g. 1. That most exact and convincing of all sciences, mathematics, is sheerly metaphysical. 科学中最严谨而令人信服的一门，数学，就是纯粹形而上学的。2. When we got out of the museum we went back to our hotel sheerly on foot which was a little bit tiring but on the way back to the hotel we did have a great time. 从博物馆出来后，我们完全是徒步返回酒店的，虽说有点累，但回酒店的路上，我们的确很开心。,Words & Phrases,mechanically ad. in a mechanical manner 机械操作地；机械地mechanical a. using power from an engine or machine to do a particular kind of work ; affecting or involving a machine 机械操作的；机械的e.g.1. The flight has been cancelled due to mechanical failure. 由于机械故障，这趟航班被取消了。2. This door opens mechanically. 这扇门是自动打开的。3. Even cars that were mechanically sound started rusting. 机械性能方面并无问题的车子也开始生锈。,Words & Phrases,hypothetical a. based on situations or events that seem possible rather than on actual ones （基于）假设的，假定的e.g. 1. I dont want to talk about hypothetical situations. 我不想谈论假设的情况。2. Uniform motion is only hypothetical. 匀速运动只是一种假设性的运动。Word family: hypothetically ad. hypothesis n.,Words & Phrases,absent-mindedly ad. preoccupiedly; in anabsent-mindedmanner 健忘地；心不在焉地absent-minded a. likely to forget things or to think about something different from what you should be thinking about 健忘的；心不在焉的e.g. 1. Im getting more absent-minded as I get older. 随着年纪变大，我变得更健忘了。2. She absent-mindedly played some hairs which clung to the comb.3. She talked to the stranger while walking, as if absent-mindedly. 她和那个陌生人边走边聊，似乎心不在焉。,Words & Phrases,她心不在焉地摆弄梳子上粘附着的几根头发。,brainless a. 1) not using intelligence 不必动脑筋的；不用花费脑力的e.g. Do you think typing is a brainless task? 你觉得打字是不费脑子的活儿吗？2) stupid; foolish 无头脑的；愚笨的e.g. She was in no mood for their brainless gabble this afternoon. 这个下午她没有心情听他们愚蠢的闲聊。,Words & Phrases,engender vt. (fml) cause a feeling or attitude to exist 造成；导致e.g. 1. Crime is sometimes engendered by jealousy. 犯罪有时是由妒忌导致的。2. Sympathy often engenders love. Do you know any synonyms of engender?,Words & Phrases,create,give rise to,arouse,bring about,lead to,cause,同情经常引发爱情。,generate,qualified a. able to do sth., because you have the knowledge, skill, or experience that is needed 有资格的；有能力的e.g. 1. She is well qualified to give an opinion. 她有资格发表意见。2. They have difficulty finding qualified personnel at home. (CET4-2006-06) 他们在国内难以找到胜任的员工。Word family: qualification n.See also: qualify.,Words & Phrases,qualify v.1) ( as / for) have the right qualities or be in the right situation to be considered as sth. or to receive or do sth. 有资格e.g. Our team has qualified for the semi-final. 我队已有资格进入半决赛。2) ( as / in) become a member of a particular profession after a period of training or study （经过一段时间的训练或学习后）取得资格e.g. Andrew qualified as a teacher in 1995. 安德鲁1995年取得教师资格。Antonym: disqualifySee also: qualified.,Words & Phrases,consolation n. C, U sth. that makes you feel less unhappy or disappointed 安慰；慰藉e.g. 1. It was some consolation to know that no one else had passed the test. 得知没别人通过这个测试是一种安慰。2. The only consolation for the team is that they get a chance to play the game again. 球队唯一的安慰就是他们有机会再赛一场。Word family: console v.e.g. No one could console her when Peter died. 彼得去世后，没人能安慰她。,Words & Phrases,apropos prep. ( of) ( fml) relating to: used for saying sth. else about the subject you are talking about （用于提及相关话题）与相关，附带 e.g.1. He had nothing to say apropos of the latest development. 关于最新的进展，他无可奉告。2. Apropos of nothing, he suddenly asked me if I liked football! 他突然没头没脑地问我是否喜欢足球！,Words & Phrases,potent a. powerful, or effective 强大的；有力的；有效的e.g. 1. I was convinced by his potent arguments. 他那有力的论据把我说服了。2. A good company pension scheme remains a potent weapon for attracting staff. 好公司的养老金计划在吸引员工方面依然是有利的武器。,Words & Phrases,usurp vt. (fml) take a job or position that belongs to someone else without having the right to do this 篡夺；侵占e.g. 1. The king resented anyone trying to usurp his authority. 国王憎恨任何想要篡位的人。2. Henry IV usurped the throne of England. 亨利四世篡夺了英国的王位。,Words & Phrases,constitute v. (fml) (linking verb) if several people or things constitute sth., they combine to form it 组成；构成；形成e.g. 1. Twelve people constitute a research group. 12个人构成了一个研究小组。2. The rise in crime constitutes a threat to society. 犯罪率上升对社会构成了威胁。3. Failing to complete the work constitutes a breach of the employment contract. 未能完成工作被视作违反员工合同的行为。Word family: constitution n.,Words & Phrases,Cf: constitute & consist of B, C and D constitute A. / A consists of B, C and D. A由B、C和D三部分组成。e.g. 1. The committee consists of scientists and engineers. 委员会由一些科学家和工程师组成。2. Seven days constitute a week. 一周有七天。,Words & Phrases,composer n. C someone who writes music, especially classical music （尤指古典音乐）作曲家e.g. Word family: compose v.,Words & Phrases,1. Hes a composer of serious music. I like his music a lot. 他是个庄严音乐的作曲家，我非常喜欢他创作的曲子。2. The composer kicked the music around for a while, trying it out. 作曲家把这个曲子随便哼了一会儿，看看行不行。,Beethoven,proclaim vt. 1) state something publicly 公开声明；宣布e.g. They still proclaim that their policy was successful. 他们依然声称自己的政策是成功的。2) announce something officially 正式宣布e.g. 1. In 1882, Brazil proclaimed itself independent from Portugal.2. The president proclaimed that a new currency would be issued.,Words & Phrases,1882年，巴西宣布脱离葡萄牙独立。,总统宣布将发行新货币。,purely ad. completely, or as the only issue or reason 纯粹地；完全地e.g. 1. Michael said that his planned 10-day visit would be a purely private affair. 麦克说他原计划10天的访问是一次纯私人的事件。2. The question is purely academic. 这是一个纯学术性的问题。3. His conclusions are purely speculative. 他的结论完全是推测而来的。,Words & Phrases,intransigent a. (fml) refusing to change your ideas or behaviour with no good reason 固执己见的；顽固的e.g. 1. His intransigent attitude really annoys the people around him. 他顽固的态度真让周围的人感到讨厌。2. The Iran rulers will be more intransigent to U.S. after bombing. 轰炸会使伊朗统治者对美国持更加强硬的态度。,Words & Phrases,precisely ad.1) exactly 确切地；明确地；准确地e.g. 1. Tell me precisely what do you want? 请明确地告诉我你想要什么？2. Temperature can be measured precisely. 温度可以精确地测出。2) clearly 清楚地；清晰地e.g. Dartman spoke very precisely. 达特曼说得非常清楚。Word family: precise a. precision n.,Words & Phrases,sadness n. sing, U a feeling of being unhappy, especially because sth. bad has happened 悲伤；伤心；难过e.g. 1. Joans childhood was filled with pain and sadness. 乔安的童年充满了痛苦和伤心。2. Yesterdays joy will become todays sadness; yet todays sadness will grow into tomorrows joy. 昨日的快乐变成今天的哀愁；今天的悲伤又转为明日的喜悦。 Word family: sad a.,Words & Phrases,pessimistically ad. in a pessimistic manner 悲观地pessimistic a. expecting that bad things will happen in the future or that something will have a bad result悲观的，悲观主义的e.g. 1. She concluded pessimistically that it would not happen.2. Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. (CET4-2002-01) 一些悲观的专家觉得汽车肯定会被废止。Antonym：optimistically,Words & Phrases,她悲观地得出结论：这一切都不会发生。,resignedly ad. with resignation and acceptance 顺从地；屈从地resigned a. a resigned look, voice etc shows that you are making yourself accept sth. that you do not like 顺从的；屈从的e.g. 1. I resignedly telegraphed back that it was all right with me if he insisted. 我回电报无奈地说，如果他坚持我也能接受。2. “Well have to leave,” she said with a resigned sigh. “我们必须要离开，”她无奈地说。Word family: resign v. resignation n.,Words & Phrases,fatefully ad. in a fateful manner 宿命地；决定性地； （通常为）灾难性地；预言性地fateful a. a fateful action, event, or time is one that has an important and usually bad effect on what happens in the future 宿命的，重大的，决定性的 e.g. 1. The nurse whispered fatefully to call the priest. 护士很有预见性地低声说，把牧师叫来。2. Since that fateful day her life had not been worth living. 从那个重大日子之后，她的人生没有过下去的价值了。,Words & Phrases,smilingly ad. with smiles; in a smiling manner 微笑地；含笑地e.g. 1. He opened the gate and smilingly welcomed the travellers home. 他打开大门，微笑着欢迎旅客们回家。2. The girl reminded Susan smilingly of their childhood spent together. 这个女孩笑着提醒苏珊她们一起度过的童年时光。,Words & Phrases,pleasurable a. (fml) giving you a feeling of happiness, enjoyment, or satisfaction 令人高兴的；令人满意的e.g. 1. The most pleasurable experience of the evening was the wonderful display of fireworks. 那晚最令人愉快的经历就是壮观的烟花表演。2. My years of employment here have been pleasurable and privileged. 在这里就职的岁月是令人愉快，待遇优厚的。Word family: pleasure n.,Words & Phrases,sufficiently ad. enough 足够地；充足地e.g. 1. Now I can manage to make myself understood sufficiently in your language. 现在，我在说你们国家语言时，总算能让别人充分听懂我的意思了。2. Once we had eaten and drunksufficiently, we padded off to sleep. 一旦吃饱喝足了，我们就去睡觉。Word family: sufficient a. sufficiency n.,Words & Phrases,melody n. C （MUSIC） a tune or song, especially a simple one （尤指简单的）曲调，歌曲e.g. 1. The beautiful melody is lingering in my mind. 美妙的旋律在我脑海中回荡。2. The song has a sad melody. 这首歌曲调忧伤。,Words & Phrases,rhythm n. C 1) （MUSIC） a regular pattern of sounds in music that you can show by moving, hitting your hands together, or hitting a drum or other surface （音乐的）节奏，拍子e.g. They began moving together to the rhythm of the music. 他们开始一起随着音乐的节拍扭动。2) a regular pattern of sounds or movements 节律；节奏e.g. I could feel the steady rhythm of her heartbeat. 我能够感觉到她平稳的心跳律动。,Words & Phrases,clarity n. U 1) the quality of expressing ideas or thoughts in a clear way 清晰；明晰；清楚e.g. The main weakness of the report is its lack of clarity. 这个报告的主要缺点是表述不清。2) the ability to think clearly or understand things clearly 清晰的思维或理解能力e.g. I knew with absolute clarity that this was not what I wanted. 我清楚地知道这不是我想要的。Word family: clarify v.,Words & Phrases,instinctively ad. innately, by instinct , without being taught 直觉地；本能地；天性地e.g.1. He knew instinctively that she would not forgive him. 他直觉认为她不会原谅他。2. His jaw instinctively closed, and his gray eyes narrowed. 他本能地闭紧嘴巴，灰色的眼睛收缩成一条线。Word family: instinct n.See also: instinctive.,Words & Phrases,instinctive a. done without thinking, because of a natural tendency or ability 直觉的；本能的；天性的e.g.1. His reaction was purely instinctive. 他的反应是完全出于本能的。 2. Running away is our instinctive reaction when we meet danger. 遇到危险时，我们的本能反应就是跑开。See also: instinctively.,Words & Phrases,analogy n. C, U a comparison between two situations, processes etc. that is intended to show that the two are similar 比拟；比喻；类比e.g.1. Shakespeare makes an analogy between the citizens of country and the parts of a persons body. 莎士比亚把一个国家中的国民类比为人身体的各个部分。2. Our manager is fond of drawing analogies between business and football. 我们经理喜欢把生意和足球进行类比。See also: analogous.,Words & Phrases,analogous a. (fml) similar to another situation, process etc. so that the same things are true of or relevant to both 类似的；可比的e.g.1. The heart is analogous to a pump. 心脏好比一个水泵。2. Brains and computers are often considered analogous. 大脑和电脑经常被认为是类似的。See also: analogy.,Words & Phrases,costume n. C, U clothes that performers wear in a play, film etc. 演出服；戏装e.g.1. The costumes, sets, and acting are all superb. 戏服，场景和表演全都是上乘之作。2. Her father is a famous costume designer. 她父亲是著名的戏服设计师。,Words & Phrases,theatrical a. 1) relating to the business and art of theatre 戏剧的；戏剧艺术的e.g. The expert is writing a theatrical review. 这个专家在写一篇戏剧评论。2) theatrical behaviour is very emotional and aims to attract attention （行为举止）冲动的，戏剧性的，夸张的e.g. He has a very theatrical style of speaking. 他讲话的方式十分夸张。Word family: theater n.See also: theatergoer.,Words & Phrases,gaiety n. U (old-fashioned) a feeling or state of happiness and fun 欢乐；愉快e.g.1. She brought him a sense of fun, of gaiety that filled a gap in his life. 她给他带来快乐的感觉，一种能填补人生缺憾的快乐。2. Her artificial gaiety disguised an inner sadness. 她以矫揉造作的快乐掩饰内心的悲痛。,Words & Phrases,playwright n. C someone who writes plays, especially as their job （尤指职业的）剧作家，编写剧本的人e.g.1. The playwright Oscar Wilde was noted for his epigrams. 剧作家奥斯卡王尔德以他的诙谐短诗著称。2. Bernard Show was the foremost playwright of his time. 萧伯纳是他那个时代最重要的戏剧作家。,Words & Phrases,theatergoer n. C someone who regularly goes to the theatre 经常看戏的人e.g.1. Well, a theatergoer these days has so many choices. 呃，最近看戏的人有很多选择。2. Nell is the most ardent theatergoer in London. 内尔是伦敦最狂热的戏迷。See also: theatrical.,Words & Phrases,separately ad. in a separate manner 分开地；不连接地；单独地separate a. not together, or not joined to sth. else 分开的；不连接的；单独的e.g.1. We saw the play separately and compared notes afterwards. 2. Living separately from parents after marriage is all the mode today. 3. We are instructing owners to keep the bomb in a locked cabinet and the fuse separately in a drawer. (CET4-2004-06) 我们正在指导用户把炸弹放在锁好的壁橱里，导火线单独放在抽屉里。,Words & Phrases,我们各自看了那出戏,后来交换了意见。,婚后与父母分开住是现在非常流行的做法。,simultaneously ad. occurringat the sametime 同时地；同时发生地e.g.1. The two men resigned from their jobs simultaneously. 这两人同时从各自岗位辞职。2. The opera will be broadcast simultaneously on television and radio. 这部歌剧将通过电视和收音机同时播放。Word family: simultaneous a.,Words & Phrases,so to speak: used for showing that you have expressed sth. in an unusual way 可以说；可谓e.g.1. Mary is, so to speak, very hard-working and reliable. 玛丽可谓又勤奋又可靠。2. The new procedures have been officially christened, so to speak. 新措施可以说已经正式实施了。,Words & Phrases,split up: 1) divide into smaller groups, or divide people into smaller groups 分开；把分成；划分e.g. The teacher split up the students into four groups. 老师把学生们分成四个小组。2) end a marriage or an emotional or working relationship离婚；分手；断绝关系e.g. 1. Her parents split up a few months ago. 几个月前她的父母离婚了。2. The quarrel split up the two friends. 那次争吵使两个朋友断绝了来往。,Words & Phrases,shy away from: avoid doing or dealing with sth. because you are not confident enough or you are worried or nervous about it （因紧张、害怕或不自信而）回避，退缩e.g.1. Her eyes shied away from mine. 她回避我的眼神。2. The boys shied away from our questions. 男孩们回避了我们的问题。3. Ive always shied away from close friendships. 我总是避免与人做密友。,Words & Phrases,pin down: 1) understand or describe sth. exactly 确定；确切地理解；明确地说明e.g. Officials are trying to pin down the cause of widespread power cuts. 官员们试图明确大面积能源减少的原因。2) force someone to make a decision about sth. 强迫作出决定；使明确表态e.g. We finally pinned him down and got him to agree to a meeting. 我们终于让他表态，使他同意会面。,Words & Phrases,give off: produce sth. such as heat, light, or a smell 发出（热、光、气味等）e.g. 1. Some economic statistics are giving off negative signals. 一些经济战略正在发出负面的信号。2. When they die, plants give off gases such as carbon dioxide and methane. 植物死亡后会发出二氧化碳和沼气等气体。,Words & Phrases,derive from: have sth. as an origin 源自e.g.1. Their fear derives from a belief that those men have supernatural powers. 他们的恐惧来自相信那些人有超自然的能力。2. Thousands of English words derive from Latin. 英语中有成千上万的词源自拉丁文。,Words & Phrases,aside from: 1) except for 除之外e.g. 1. Aside from hanging about in the street, theres nothing f