人教实验版选修6Unit5.doc

单元重点单词1erupt vi. （指火山） 爆发；突然发生e.g.Its many years since Mount Vesuvius last erupted. 维苏威火山上一次爆发至今已有很多年了。Violence has erupted on the streets. 大街上突然发生了暴乱。A rash has erupted all over my back. 我的背上出满了疹子。eruption n. 火山爆发；出疹2adventure n. 奇遇；冒险e.g.adventures in the mountains 山中的奇遇All the children listened to his adventures with eager attention. 孩子们注意力十分集中地听他讲他的冒险经历。常用搭配：at all adventures. 胡乱地; 不顾一切地3bore vt. & n. 使感到厌烦；使人讨厌的人，令人生厌的事e.g.Its a bore having to go out again. 又要外出真是讨厌。Its bore to little children having to go to school every day. 要小孩子们每天去上学真是一件烦人的事。Im bored with this job. 我对这件工作厌烦了。(be bored with sth.)4excite vt. 使兴奋；使激动e.g.excite attention /interest/jealousy 引起注意、兴趣、妒忌Everybody was excited by the news of victory. 每个人都为这胜利的消息而激动。Her new dress excited envy. 她的新服装使人羡慕。Strong coffee excites your nerves. 浓咖啡使你神经兴奋。The news excited everybody. 消息鼓舞了每个人。Dont excite! 别激动! The story about a hero excited the little boys very much. 一个英雄的故事使小男孩们兴奋不已。常用搭配：become/get excited at/by/about/over/with因而激动/兴奋5evaluate vt. 评估；评价；估计e.g.The research project has only been under way for three months, so its too early to evaluate its success. “这个研究项目进行了不过三个月,所以要对它的成绩作出评价为时尚早。”6fountain vi. & vt. & n. 泉水般地喷出或涌出；喷泉；源泉e.g.a fountain of wisdom 知识的源泉a fountain pen 自来水笔A group of children are playing in the fountain in the park. 有一群孩子在公园的喷泉中玩耍。A fountain of water shot from the pipe. 一股水从水管中喷出。常用搭配：poison the fountain of trust 损坏信用7absolute adj. 绝对的；完全的e.g.absolute alcohol 纯酒精, 无水酒精absolute quiet 万籁俱寂It is an absolute fact.这是一个无疑的事实。absolutely adv. 绝对地；完全地e.g.Do you think so? Absolutely. 你是这样想吗? 当然是。He is absolutely wrong. 他完全错了。Its absolutely impossible. 这绝对不可能。He refused absolutely. 他彻底拒绝了。8fantastic adj. 难以置信的；奇异的；极好的e.g.fantastic dreams/stories 荒诞的梦/故事fantastic schemes/proposals, etc. 不实际的计划、建议等Shes a fantastic swimmer. 她游泳游得非常好。Their wedding cost a fantastic amount of money. 他们的婚礼花费了很大一笔钱。fantastically adv. e.g.You did fantastically well in the exam. 你考得非常好。9impress vt. 给予深刻印象e.g.impress a mark on/upon a surface=impress a surface with a mark 在表面上打记号be impressed by/at/with 被深深打动/感动impress sth. in/on ones memory 使铭记在心My father impressed on me the value of hard work. 我父亲让我铭记艰苦劳动的价值。His words are strongly impressed on my memory. 他的话使我深深铭记心头。（常与on连用） 使印象深刻I impressed on him the importance of his work. 我使他注意他的工作的重要性。impression n. 印象；感觉；看法e.g.His first speech as president made a strong impression on his audience. 他当会长后的第一次演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。My general impression was that he seemed a pleasant man. 我总的印象是他似乎很和蔼可亲。I had the distinct impression that I was being followed. 我清楚地感觉到有人跟踪我。I was under the impression that you were coming tomorrow. 我以为你明天才来呢。（be under the impression that）10tremble vi. 摇晃，摇动；颤抖e.g.His voice trembled with anger. 他的声音因愤怒而发抖。I tremble for your safety. 我担忧你的安全。Hear and tremble!好好听着, 牢记住! to tremble with fear害怕地发抖11cancel vt. 取消，撤消；删去cancel(l) ed; cancel(l) inge.g.I cancelled many unnecessary words in my manuscript. 我把我原稿许多不需要的字删去了。She cancelled her order. 她取消定货。a cancelled stamp用过的邮票12anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望e.g.cause sb. great anxiety 引起某人非常不安The teacher praised him for his anxiety for knowledge. 老师称赞他求知的欲望。He expressed anxiety that it should be done in no time. 他急切希望这事能立即做好。He was waiting for his brothers return with anxiety. 他焦虑地等着兄弟归来。Her mothers anxiety was apparent to everyone. 大家都清楚地看到她母亲十分焦急。anxiety for knowledge 求知的渴望常用搭配：feel no anxiety about 对不愁, 不着急with great anxiety 非常担忧, 十分焦急anxious adj. 忧虑的；不安的e.g.There is no reason to be anxious about the result. 不必为这结果而担心。He was anxious to meet you. 他急切地想与你会面。People all over the world were anxious to have peace. 全世界人民都渴望和平。He was anxious for her safety. 他担心她的安全。We are all anxious about/for his safety. 我们都为他的安全而忧虑。常用搭配：be on the anxious seat 坐立不安, 如坐针毡be kept on the anxious seat 坐立不安, 如坐针毡anxious for sth. 渴望有(得到）be anxious about 忧虑，担心，害怕（结果）13panic vt. & vi. & n. 惊慌；恐慌e.g.Dont panic!别慌！The gunfire panicked the horses. 枪声惊吓了马。be in a panic (about sth.）对某事惊惶失措I got into a panic when I found the door was locked. 我发觉门锁上了，十分惊慌。14guarantee vt. 保证；担保e.g.stand guarantee for 替担任保证人offer ones house as a guarantee以房屋为担保品Blue skies are not always a guarantee of fine weather. 蔚兰的天空并不永远保证晴朗的天气。The new television had a guarantee with it. 这台新电视机有保修单。Many shopkeepers guarantee satisfaction to customers. 许多店主对顾客许诺定让他们满意。15swallow vt. & vi. & n. 吞，咽；燕子e.g.swallow dive 燕式跳水She swallowed some milk. 她咽下几口牛奶。三、单元重点短语1comparewith 与比较e.g.He compared his camera with mine. 他把他的相机和我的比较。注意：compared to/with意思一样，都表示“和相比”，“和比起来”，等同于in comparison with；但是comparewith和compareto意思却不一样，comparewith意思是“与比较”，而compareto意思是“将比喻成”。e.g.Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚将世界比作舞台。Life is often compared to voyage. 人生常比作海上航行。2burn to the ground 全部焚毁e.g.Some of the good books are burned to the ground. 一些好书也全部被焚毁了。3make ones way 前往e.g.They made their way up the hill. 他们朝山上走去。They made their way through the crowd. 他们从人群中挤了过去。比较：make ones way和make way/for 给让路，把职位让给e.g.They made way for the bus. 他们给那辆公共汽车让路。I shall make way for a younger man. 我要让位给一位年轻一些的人。4make an effort 努力e.g.He made an effort to persuade him. 他努力去说服他。5glance through 匆匆看一遍e.g.The teacher asked the students to glance through the passage. 老师让学生迅速看一遍那篇文章。6vary fromto 由到不等e.g.The weather varied from very cold to quite mild. 天气变化很大，有时很冷，有时相当暖和。The temperature varies from hour to hour in some mountainous areas. 在某些山区，温度时刻变化。7out of the way 不挡道；不碍事，躲开e.g.Would you move your bicycle out of my way?你能把自行车挪到一边吗？The citizens moved out of the way to let the soldiers pass. 市民们让出了道让士兵们通过。总结：关于way的短语(1)by the way：顺便问问、顺便说说e.g.By the way, where are you off to ?顺便问一下，你到哪去？By the way, have you seen John lately?顺便问一下，你近来见过约翰吗？(2)in a way：在某种程度上；在某种意义上，在某点上e.g.In a way, it is a good film. 在某种意义上，它是一部好影片。注意：He held her arm in a way that hurt her. 中的in a way后接定语从句，不属此用法。全句为“他用一种使她受到伤害的方式拽着她的手臂。”(3)in the/ones way：挡路的；妨碍人的e.g.Doing too much moonlight got in the way of his studies. 打工/兼职太多，妨碍了他的学业。(4) (in) this way：以这种方式；这样e.g.The song was composed in this way. 这首歌曲是以这种方式来作曲的。(5)(in) one way or another或（in) one way or the other以一种或另一种方式；以某种方式；无论如何e.g.All life on our planet depends, in one way or another, on the sun. 我们所在星球上所有的生物无论如何都得依靠太阳。(6) on the/ones way在路上；在途中其后常接back, home, there等副词或由to引出的介词短语，间或也可接不定式。e.g.On the way home father told me about the accident. 在回家的路上爸爸告诉了我那个事故。She used to visit the scientist on her way home from school. 她以前经常在从学校回家的路上去拜访那个科学家。On the way back he was murdered. 他在返回途中被杀。注意：“on the way to+动名词”，意思为“即将”、“就要”，不可误理解为“在路上”。e.g.He is on the way to becoming a good teacher. 他即将成长为一个优秀教师。四、重难点句子解析1Having collected and evaluated the information, I helped other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast it will flow. 译文收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流去，流速是多少。have done是状语，动词- ing形式完成式的使用表明动作发生在主句动作之前。如：Having settled down in his flew house, he set about writing his next book. 在新房子里住了下来以后，他就着手写下一本书了。Having answered the teachers questions, she sat down and felt much more relaxed. 回答老师的问题后，她坐下来，感到轻松多了。2I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day. 译文我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。be about to do sth. 正要，即将要做某事。如：As Jim was about to say something, the bell rang. 吉姆刚要开口说什么，铃声就响了。When I phoned him this morning，he was about to leave home. 我今天早上打电话给他的时候，他正准备离开家。3The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them. 译文另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。this being my first experience在句中充当状语，是独立主格结构。分词可以有自己逻辑上的主语，这种逻辑主谓的结构可以在句子中作状语用。如：With night coming on, we started for home. 夜幕降临，我们回家了。The weather being fine, we have made up our minds to go for a picnic. 天气很好，我们决定去野炊。He stood at the window,