湖南省常德市2020届高三高考模拟考试（二）英语试题（含答案）.doc

英 语本试卷分为四个部分，共12页。时量120分钟。满分150分。第I卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（澧县一中）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例： How much is the shirt?A. 19.15B. 9.18C. 9.15答案是C。1. What will the man do first? A. Learn more about prices.B. Do reports.C. Find a supplier.2. When will the meeting be held? A. At 12:00. B. At 1:00. C. At 11:30. 3. Why is the woman leaving work early? A. To pick up a car. B. To post a package. C. To take care of her mother. 4. What are the speakers talking about in general?A. A trip. B. Food. C. The weather.5. What relation is the man to the woman? A. Her customer. B. Her co-worker. C. Her boss.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白后，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What will the woman do on Saturday afternoon? A. Watch a game.B. Enjoy a concert. C. Do her homework. 7. Where will the woman go on Sunday? A. To the mans house. B. To a hospital. C. To a park.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8. What is the womans opinion about the computer screen? A. Big. B. Nice. C. Stylish. 9. What brings the man a bit of trouble? A. The screen. B. The keyboard. C. The mouse.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What is the purpose of the call? A. To accept a position. B. To advertise a job opening. C. To check on a job application. 11. For what day is the mans appointment scheduled? A. Tuesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday. 12. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Call her later.B. Wait at the front desk. C. Meet with Victoria Smith.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Which city does the man book a shuttle bus for? A. London. B. Milton. C. Toronto. 14. What is the woman doing? A. Conducting an interview. B. Offering the flight timetable. C. Taking the mans information.15. When will the man probably leave for Milton? A. At 11:30. B. At 12:00. C. At 12:30. 16. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Have some coffee.B. Collect his luggage first. C. Book his return ticket in advance. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Why did Fagin come to the speaker? A. To buy her house. B. To rent her house. C. To decorate her house. 18. Why was the speaker hesitant about Fagins offer? A. She disliked him. B. The money was not much. C. Theyd damage some of her belongings. 19. How long did it take to prepare the house for the film? A. Four days. B. A month. C. Two months. 20. What did the speaker do when the crew left? A. She watched a film. B. She visited her relatives. C. She repainted the living room. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A （芷兰）University accommodation（住所） officesMany university accommodation offices have their own list of registered landlords (房东). Others also provide information on accommodation agencies and other housing organizations. The advantage of using your university accommodation office is that you can get some support if you have a problem. The disadvantage is that they are unlikely to have enough registered landlords to house all their students.Property papers: Loot and RentingLoot is an important source (来源) of information about private housing for co-renters. The offers are from private landlords, agencies and individuals looking for other co-renters. They also have a website: www. loot. com. The advantage of using Loot is that there are some excellent bargains. The disadvantage is that there is no quality control over the offers.Renting is another useful paper. The offers in this paper are mainly from accommodation agencies. Their website is at www. Renting.co. uk.Accommodation agenciesThe majority of rented accommodation in London is probably advertised through accommodation agencies. The advantage of using accommodation agencies is that you will have access to a large number of accommodations. A good agent will listen to your requirements and can save you time in looking for the right accommodation. The disadvantage is that they will make a range of charges to potential renters.NoticeboardsAround the universities you will find a number of noticeboards where offers of accommodation will be posted. These will either be from landlords or from students. Some universities will also have online noticeboards where students can advertise to other students. Advertisements from students can be an excellent way to find accommodation. However, advertisements from landlords can be problematic.Word of mouthSome of the best housing in London is never advertised but is passed on from one group of students to another by word of mouth. It might be that you can find out about good offers from final year students. However, dont suppose that just because you have found out about housing from a friend it is necessarily, going to be better than that found through any other source.FamilyFaced with the very high rents charged in London, some students and their parents will consider buying as an alternative. In some cases this might be a good choice.Below is a housing guide for students going to London.21. What is the advantage of using Loot? A. There are some good bargains. B. Their website is designed mainly for students. C. It gives you personal information about other co-renters. D. It has more offers from accommodation agencies than Renting. 22. A good agent can help you . A. know more people B. find cheap accommodation C. get the right accommodation quickly D. get free information about most accommodations23. For students going to London for the first time, which of the following provides the most reliable information? A. University accommodation offices. B. Loot and Renting. C. Noticeboards. D. Family. B （安乡朱彩霞名师工作室）The flu season arrives so predictably, and affects so many of us, that its hard to believe that scientists have had very little idea why cold weather helps germs to spread. Worldwide, up to five million people catch the illness each flu season, and around a quarter of a million die from it. Part of its power comes from the fact that the virus changes so quickly that the body is hardly prepared. “The antibodies weve built up no longer recognize the virus so we lose our immunity,” says Jane Metz at the University of Bristol. It also makes it harder to develop effective vaccines, and even if one comes out, governments often fail to persuade enough people to take it up.The hope is that by understanding better why flu spreads in winter, but naturally fades in summer, doctors could find simple measures to stop its spread. Previous theories had centred on our behaviour. We spend more time indoors in the winter, meaning that were in closer contact with other people who may be carrying germs.Another popular idea concerned our physiology(生理机制）: the cold weather weakens your bodys defenses against infection. In winter, without much sunlight, we may run low on Vitamin D, which helps power the bodys immune system. Moreover, when we breathe in cold air, the blood vessels in our nose shrink, which affects the normal function of white blood cells, allowing viruses to slip past our defenses unnoticed. While such factors both play some role, analyses suggested another ignored cause may have been lying invisible in the air that we breathe. Thanks to the laws of thermodynamics（空气热力学）, cold air can carry less water vapor before it reaches the “dew point” and falls as rain. So while the weather outside may seem wetter, the air itself is drier as it loses the moisture. And researches in the past few years has shown that these dry conditions seem to offer the perfect environment for the flu virus to flourish.In wetter air, the epidemic struggles to build strength, while in drier conditions it spreads like wildfire. And comparing 30 years climate records with health records, Jeffrey Shaman at Columbia University found that flu epidemics almost always followed a drop in air humidity.24. What can we infer from the second paragraph ?A. We lose immunity due to the absence of our antibodies. B. The antibodies fail to function due to variation of virus.C. Government should come up with better ways to persuade people.D. One in four of the infected die from the influenza each flu season.25. What is the purpose of understanding better why flu spreads in winter?A. To help develop effective vaccine. B.To seek ways to treat people infected with flu.C. To figure out ways to cut off its transmission.D. To explore how to defend our immune system. 26. In what weather condition a flu epidemic is more likely to occur ? A. Destroying bodies immune system.B. Powering our bodies immune system. C. Killing numerous viruses that we take in. D. Stopping us acquiring enough Vitamin D.27. What is the best title of the passage?A. Ways to prevent infection of fluB. Flu-A disease not so hard to preventC. A predictable flu seasonD. Why germs spread in winterC（市一中宋文辉）Rivers are the veins (静脉) of the Earth, transporting the water and nutrients needed to support the planets ecosystems, including human life. In Asia, some of the worlds largest rivers flow from the highest mountain ranges to vast floodplains below and finally into the ocean. Like veins these rivers connect the rocks in the mountains to the sediment (沉淀物) at the bottom of the ocean and give life to everything in between. While many nutrients are essential to the survival of life, there is one element transported by water in rivers that holds the key to life and to the future of our planet carbon.Carbon is everywhere and understanding the way it moves and is either released or stored by the Earth system is a complex science in itself. Carbon starts its journey downstream when natural acid rain, which contains dissolved (溶解) carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, dissolves minerals in rocks. This helps transform carbon dioxide to bicarbonate (碳酸氢盐) in the water that then flows in our rivers. This is a very long process, which is one of the main ways carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere. Carbon is transported by rivers to oceans and once that carbon reaches the ocean, it is stored naturally in deep sea sediments for millions of years. As carbon travels down a river, different processes may impact whether it continues to flow downstream or whether it is released into the atmosphere. For example, human engineering, like extensive dam construction, will result in dramatic changes to how water and sediments travel down the river. Some carbon that fails to reach the sea may return to the atmosphere in some way, which causes more warming.Earths climate is closely related to the carbon cycle. We all know about the essential role of plants in consuming carbon dioxide, but do we know enough about rivers? Changing the chemistry and the course of rivers may have significant impacts on how they transport carbon. Remember: wherever we live, we all live downstream.28. Where is the carbon in rivers originally from? A. The atmosphere. B. The rocks. C. The acid rain. D. The upstream areas. 29. Why is human engineering mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. To show how important to life carbon is. B. To explain how necessary it is to build dams. C. To show how a natural process is interrupted. D. To explain how humans fight global warming.30. What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph?A. Wed better move upstream to live.B. We should protect plants along rivers.C. Wed better seek more help from plants. D. We should be cautious about river management.31. What is the best title for the text?A. What Humans Do with RiversB. What the Carbon Cycle Means to Us C. How Rivers Transporting Carbon CountsD. How Living Downstream Affects the EarthD （汉寿一中）The five-year trial, conducted by the researchers at the University of Connecticut, followed nearly 600 students from 12 schools in New Haven.In schools with improved nutrition policies and programs, students had healthier BMI (body mass index) over time. By the end of the study they reported healthier behaviors than their peers in schools without the nutrition policies and programs. Students in schools with support for improved nutrition policies had an increase in BMI of less than 1%. However, the BMI of students in schools without improved support for these policies and programs increased 3% to 4% .These findings can provide guidance for schools and communities. Childhood obesity(肥胖）is a serious health threat, and schools are a vital way to reach children and their families to reduce risks and promote health, said lead author Jeannette Ickovics.The study is one of the first school-based policy guidance studies that followed students through middle school. This is some of the most persuasive evidence we have to date that strongly proved that nutrition education and promoting healthy eating behaviors in the classroom and cafeteria can have a meaningful impact on childrens health, said Marlene Schwartz, director of the Rudd Center and senior study author.The nutritional guidance in the schools studied included ensuring that all school-based meals met nutritional criteria; providing nutritional directions for students and their families; school-wide campaigns to limit sugary drinks and encourage the use of water; and limiting the use of food or drinks as rewards for academic performance or good behavior.In the study authors said that more than one in five American teenagers are currently obese, and as many as one in two are overweight or obese. Being overweight or obese early in life affects health across the lifespan(寿命）,contributing to a range of chronic(慢性的）diseases that reduce productivity and shorten lifespan.32. What can we infer from the trial?A. Family is responsible for students diets.B. Childhood obesity has become more and more serious.C. Peer pressure influences students academic performance .D. School-based nutritional programs reduce student obesity.33. Whats the benefit of the findings?A. Helping cure obesity in different age groups .B. Offering reference to schools and communities.C. Overcoming students bad habit of wasting food.D. Adjusting peoples food structures and removing poverty.34. The fifth paragraph is mainly about the nutritional guidances_.A. specific measures B. potential problemsC. operation procedure D. matters needing attention35. Whats the authors purpose in writing the last paragraph?A. To let us know the current state of American lifespan.B. To introduce some chronic diseases caused by obesity.C. To advise parents to pay more attention to their childrens health.D. To stress the necessity of conducting the nutritional guidance in schools.第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）(市一中宋文辉） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Building trust inside your teamA team without trust isnt really a team: its just a group of individuals, working together, often making disappointing progress. 36 So how can you, as a leader, help your team to build the trust that it needs to develop? In this article well look at the issue of trust within teams and what you can do to build it.Lead by example.If you want to build trust within your team, then lead by example, and show your people that you trust others. This means trusting your team, your colleagues, and your boss. 37 They are taking cues (提示) from your behavior. Take the opportunity to show them what trust in others really looks like.Know each other personally.One way to build trust is to encourage your team members to know each other. Think about creating situations that help them to share personal stories, and to bond. 38 Start by sharing some personal information about yourself and then ask someone else about a hobby, or a musical interest. 39 When people work together, there will be honest mistakes and disappointments, and its easy to blame someone for these. However, when everyone starts pointing fingers, an unpleasant atmosphere can quickly develop. This lowers trust, and is finally unproductive.Discuss trust issues.If you manage a team that has trust issues, its important to find out how these problems originate, so that you can come up with a strategy (策略) for overcoming them. Consider giving team members a questionnaire to fill out anonymously (匿名地). 40 Once youve read the results, get everyone together to talk about these issues.A. Do not place blame.B. Try to avoid mistakes and disappointments.C. Ask them about the reasons for their lack of trust.D. Do this by asking sensitively about their family or hobbies.E. Never forget that your team members are always watching you.F. Instead, encourage everyone to think about the mistake positively.G. However, when trust is in place, the group can achieve truly meaningful goals.第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分45）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）（芷兰）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Tired from a full days work, Rosa Parks got on