2007年英语专业八级考试听力真题MP3附试题及答案.doc

2007年英语专业八级考试听力真题MP3附试题及答案SECTIONAMini-lectureInthissectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.Youwillhearthelectureonceonly.Whilelistening,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Younoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompleteagap-fillingtaskforafterthemini-lecture.Whenthelectureisover,youwillbegiventwominutestocheckyournotes,andanothertenminutestocompletethegap-fillingtaskonAnswersheetone.Usetheblanksheetfornote-tanking.WhatCanWeLearnfromArt?I.IntroductionA.DifferencesbetweengeneralhistoryandarthistoryFocus:generalhistory: (1)_arthistory:politicalvalues,emotions,everydaylife,etc.B.SignificanceofstudyMoreinformationandbetterunderstandingofhumansocietyandcivilizationII.TypesofinformationA.Informationinhistorybooksis(2)_facts,butnoopinionsB.Informationinarthistoryissubjective (3)_andopinionse.g. Spanishpaintersworks:misuseofgovernmentalpowerMexicanartistsworks:attitudestowardssocialproblemsIII.ArtasareflectionofreligiousbeliefsA.Europe: (4)_inpicturesinchurchesB.MiddleEast:picturesofflowersandpatternsinmosques,palacesReason:humanand(5)_arenotseenasholyC.AfricaandthePacificIslands:masks,headdressesandcostumesinspecialceremoniesPurpose:toseekthehelpof(6)_toprotectcrops,animalsandpeople.IV.PerceptionsofArtHowpeopleseeartisrelatedtotheirculturalbackground.A.EuropeansandAmericans (7)_expressionofideasB.Peopleinotherplacespartofeverydaylife (8)_useV.ArtasareflectionofsocialchangesA.Causeofchanges: (9)_ofdifferentcultures.B.Changestribalpeople:effectsof(10)_onartformsEuropeanartists:influenceofAfricantraditionalartintheirworksAmericanandCanadianartists:studyofJapanesepaintingNowlistentotheMini-lecture.Goodmorning,todayslectureistheveryfirstofaseriesoflecturesonarthistory,soIdliketospendsometimediscussingwithyouthefollowingtopic:Whydoweneedtostudyarthistory?Andwhatcanwelearnfromit?Firstofall,Idsay,ifyoustudyarthistory,thismightbeagoodwaytolearnmoreaboutaculturethanitspossibletolearningeneralhistoryclasses.Youknow,mosttypicalhistorycoursesconcentrateonpolitics,economicsandwar,butarthistoryfocusesonmuchmorethanthis.Becauseartreflectsnotonlythepoliticalvaluesofapeople,butalsotheirreligiousbeliefs,emotionsetc.Inaddition,informationaboutthedailyactivitiesofourancestorscanbeprovidedbyart,likewhatpeopledidforaliving,whatkindofdresstheywore,whatceremoniestheyheldetc.Inshort,artcanexpresstheessentialqualitiesofatimeandaplace,andthestudyofitclearlyoffersusadeeperunderstandingthancanbefoundinmosthistorybooksandenablesustolearnmorethingsabouthumansocietyandcivilization.ThesecondpointIdliketomakeisaboutthetypeofinformation.Inhistorybooks,informationisobjective,thatisfactsaboutpoliticaleconomiclifeofacountryaregiven,butopinionsarenotexpressed.Art,ontheotherhand,issubjective.Itreflectspersonalemotionsandopinions.Forexample,FranciscoGoyawasagreatSpanishpainterandalsoperhapsthefirsttrulypoliticalartist.Inhisfamouspainting,TheThirdofMay1808,heshowedsoldiersshootingagroupofsimplepeople.Hisdescriptionofsoldiersandtheirvictimshasbecomeasymboloftheenormouspowerorthemisuseofthispowerthatthegovernmentcanhaveoveritspeople.Over100yearslater,onanothercontinent,thepowerfulpaintingsofMexicanartistsdepictedtheirdeepangerandsadnessaboutsocialproblems.Insummary,throughartyoucanfindapersonalandemotionalviewofhistory.Thirdly,artcanreflectaculturesreligiousbeliefs.ForhundredsofyearsinEurope,religiousartwasalmosttheonlytypeofartthatexisted.ChurchesandotherreligiousbuildingswerefilledwithpaintingsthatshowedpeopleandstoriesfromtheBible.Bycontrast,oneofthemaincharacteristicsofartintheMiddleEastwas(andstillis),itsabsenceofhumanandanimalimages.ThisreflectstheIslamicbeliefthattheseimagesareunholy.Thus,onpalaces,mosquesandotherbuildings,Islamicartistshavecreateduniquedecorationofgreatbeautywithimagesofflowersofgeometricforms,forexample,circles,squaresandtriangles.Thesameistrueofotherplaces,likeAfricaandPacificIslands.Artalsoreflectsthereligiousbeliefsoftraditionalculturesintheseplaces.Asamatteroffact,religionisthepurposeforthisartandits,therefore,absolutelyessentialtoit.TraditionalartinAfricaandPacificIslandsisdifferentfromChristianart.ChristianartinfluencespeoplesreligiousfeelingstowardsGod.ButthegoaloftraditionalartinAfricaandPacificIslandsistheinfluenceofspiritualpowers,Thatisgodstoenterpeopleslives.Eachtribeorvillagetherehadspecialceremonieswithsongsanddancestomakesurethatcrops,animalsandpeoplearehealthyandincreasinginnumber.Thedancersintheceremonieswearmasks，Headdressesandcostumesthattheybelievearenecessarytoinfluencegods.Sothesemasks,headdressesthemselves,arerevelrypartoftheart.Aswesaid,artdependsonculture,differentformsofartresultfromdifferentcultures.Similarly,thewaythatpeopleviewartalsodependsontheirculturalbackground.Thisismyfourthpoint.FormostEuropeansandAmericans,artismainlyfordecoration.Itissomethingonamuseumwallorinaglasscase.Itmakestheirhomesmoreattractive.Peoplelookatitandadmireit: Oh,whatabeautifulpainting!Besides,ideasareexpressedinthisart.Thisisawonderfulstatue,andadmiringit,Imightsay: Itmakessuchastronganti-warstatement.Butinotherplaces,artisnotconsideredtobeseparatedfromeverydayexistence.Ithasafunction,ithasapracticalroletoplayinpeopleslives.Apersoninatribalsocietymightlookatamaskandsay: Oh,thisisagoodmask.Itwouldkeepmyhousesafe.Inbrief,thewayinwhichpeopleenjoyorappreciateartdependsontheirculture.Toconcludemylecture,wecansaythatartisareflectionofvariouscultures.Butatthesametime,wehavetorememberthatartalsoreflectsthechangesinsocietythattakeplacewhendifferentculturesinfluenceoneanother.Aspeoplefromtribalsocietiesmovetourbanareas,theirvaluesandbeliefschangeaccordinglyandtheirtraditionalartformsbegintolosetheirfunction.Atthesametime,urbanartistsbegintolearnalotfromtraditionalart.Forexample,AfricanmasksandfigureshadagreatinfluenceonPicassosworks.AndmanyAmericanandCanadianartistsstudythesimplicityofJapanesepainting.Theresultisthatastheworldgetssmaller,theartofeachculturebecomesmoreinternational.OK,thisbringsustotheendofourlecture.Ihopethataftertodayslecture,youllunderstandbetterthesignificanceofthestudyofarthistory.Artenablesustoknowmoreabouthumanhistory,forexample,peoplesviewsandopinionsaboutcertainhistoricalevents,andwhatsmoreimportant,aboutdifferentcultures,theirreligiousbeliefs,perceptionofartetc.Nowyouhave2minutestocheckyournotes.Andthenpleasecompletethegap-fillingtaskonAnswerSheet1in10minutes.SectionBinterviewInthissectionyouwillheareverythingonceonly.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyourcoloredanswersheet.Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven10secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.Nowlistentothefollowingfivequestions.Nowlistentotheinterview1.AccordingtoNigel,mostproblemsofairtravelarecausedbyA.Unfavorableweatherconditions.B.Airportshandlingcapacity.C.Inadequateticketingservice.D.Overbooking.2.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedascompensationforvolunteersforthenextfightout?A.Freeticket.BFreephonecallC.CashrewardD.Seatreservation3.WhydoesNigetsuggestthatbusinesstravelersavoidbigairports?ABecauseallflightsinandoutoftherearefull.B.Becausethevolumeoftrafficisheavy.C.Becausetherearemorepopularflights.D.Becausetherearemoredelaysandcancellations.4.AccordingtoNigel,inexperiencetravelersarelikelytomakethefollowingmistakesexcept.ABookingonlesspopularflights.B.buyingticketsatfullprice.C.carryingexcessiveluggage.D.planninglongbusinesstrips.5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?A.Thepossibilityofdiscountsdependsonatravelagentsvolumeofbusiness.B.Longerflightstothesamedestinationmaybecheaper.C.Itisadvisabletoplaneverydetailofatripinadvance.D.arrangingforstopoverscanavoidovernighttravelW:NigelLingeiseditorofBusinessTravelWeekly.Nigel,thanksforbeingontheshow.Now,whatkindofproblemsdoairlinepassengersfacenowadays?M:Well,mostoftheproblemsarecausedbytheheavyvolumeoftraffic.Youknow,allairportshavealimittothenumberoftake-offsandlandingstheycanhandle.W:Sowhatseemstobetheproblem?M:Allflightsfromabusyairportarriveandleaveatmoreorlessthesametime.If60aircraftarescheduledtotakeoffbetween5p.m.and5:15,andtheairportcanonlyhandle120anhour,thatmeanssomewillalwaysbelatelandingortaking-off.Andiftheweatherisbad,oh,youcanimaginewhatthesituationislike.Sopassengershavetobeloadedintoeachplane,andthentheplaneshavetolineuptotakeoff.W:Sowaitingattheloungeorontheplaneisquitecommon.M:Certainly.Andanotherproblemthatsverycommonisover-booking.Quiteoftenyouhearanannouncementontheairportloudspeakers: Wehaveoversoldonthisflightandwouldlikevolunteerstogoonthenextflightout.Ifyoudecidetovolunteer,youmaygetacashbribeorfree-tripvoucher,butmakesureyougetaguaranteedseatonthenextflightandafreephonecalltowhoeverismeetingyouontheotherend.Andworsestill,youarrivewithconfirmedreservationandyoudiscoveryouvebeenbumpedofftheflight.W:Presumably,ifyouchoosetotravelatoff-peaktimes,therearefewproblems.M:Well,therearenooff-peaktimes,AllflightsseemtobefullexceptSaturday.Idontquiteunderstandwhythisisso.Youknow,ifthereisapublicholiday,thingsarelikelytobeespeciallybusy.Thespecialfaresystemsontheairlinescomputersencouragemorepeopletoflyonlesspopularflightsandthismeansthatasaresultallflightsareequallyfull.W:So,whatadvicewouldyougivetobusinesstravelers?M:IdsayAvoidbigairportsifyoucan.Thereasonistherearetoomanyflightsthere.Then,remembernottocheckyourbaggageifyoucanhelpit.AnotherthingisBepreparedfordelays.Takesomethingtoeatanddrinkinyourhandluggage.W:Nigel,whatkindofmistakesdoinexperiencedtravelersmake?M:Thefirstmistakebusinesstravelersmakeistotakefartoomuchluggage.Remember,takeonlycarry-onluggage,becauseatmostairports,youcangetawaywithtwosmallbags.W:Oh,Isee.M:Anothermistakepeoplemakeistothinkthatyouhavetopayfullpriceforairtickets.Youshouldfindoutaboutthedifferentticketoptions.Forexample,anRTWfarecansaveupto40%onnormalfare.W:Excuseme,whatisRTW?M:RoundtheWorld.Forexample,ifyouregoingtoAustraliafromtheUSA,youcouldgooutviaSingapore,andcomebackviaNorthAmerica.Andanotherwaytosavemoneyistoseeifthetickettoadestinationbeyonditscheaper.Forexample,aticketfromAmsterdamfromLondontoNewYorkmaybecheaperthanonestraightfromLondontoNewYork.W:Oh,thatsveryusefulinformation.M:Andanothermistakeistogoawayfortoolong.Mostpeoplesefficiencyandenergystarttofalloffaftertwoweeksaway.SomyadviceisKeepyourtripshort,onlygofortwoweeksandneverforalongerthanthree.AnotherpointisDontexpecteverythingtogoaccordingtoplan.Youneedtolearntoexpecttheunexpected.Theremaybeatyphooninsummeroryourtaximaybreakdownonthewaytotheairport.Inotherwords,dontbeoptimisticaboutplansanddontscheduleimportantmeetingstoocloselytogether.Youneedtoallowtimefordelaysandbreak-downs.W:Yeah,thisissomethingtravelershavetorememberwhentheyplantheirtrips.M:Andanotherthing,gettoknowagoodtravelagentandmakesurehegivesyouthebestpossibleservice.Takediscountsforexample,agoodtravelagentcangetfirst-classticketforthepriceofbusiness-class.Thisisbecausehedoesenoughvolumeofbusinessandhecangetdiscountswithairlinesonhisownbehalf.Heshouldpassthemontoyou.Somakesureheindeeddoes.W:Ithinktheworstpartofatripishavingtotravelovernightorbeingstuckforaweekendinsomedreadfulplace.Arethereanywaysavoidingthat?M:Yes.Wecanbreakorstopoverinamorerelaxingorlivelyplace.Itsoftenavailableatspecialcheapweekendrate.Variousairlinesandhotelchainsofferthese.Anditsalwaysmorepleasanttostayanightinahotelthanonaplaneevenifyoutravelbusiness-class.W:Yes.OK,thankyou,Nigel,foralltheusefulinformationandadvice.M:Pleasure!SECTIONCNEWSBROACASTInthissectionyouwillheareverythingonceonly.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyourcolouredanswersheet.Question6isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Nowlistentothenews.6whathappenedonMonday?A.Atraincrashoccurredcausingminorinjuries.B.Investigatorfoundoutthecauseoftheaccident.CCrewsrescuedmorepassengersfromthesite.DAcommutertraincrashedintoabuilding.Question7and8arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.7.WhichofthefollowingwasnotontheagendaoftheG20meeting?A.IraqdebtsB.WTOtalksC.FinancialdisastersD.Possiblesanctions8.TheG20isa(n) _organization.A.InternationalBEuropeanCRegionalDAsianQuestion9and10arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions9.TheUNCharterwentintoeffectafterAItwassignedbythe50originalmembercountries.BItwasapprovedbythefoundersandothermembercountries.CItwasapprovedbythefoundingmembersDItwassignedbythefoundingmembers.10.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribetheroleofthecharter?A.theCharteronlydescribespowersoftheUNbodies.BtheChartermainlyaimstopromoteworldeconomy.CThecharterisatreatyaboveallothertreaties.DThecharterauthorizesreformsinUNbodies.Nowlistentothenews.Thedeathtollroseto74onTuesdayinJapansdeadliestrailcrashindecadesascrewspulledmorevictimsfromthewreckage.Investigatorsfocusedonwhetherexcessivespeedorthedriversinexperiencehadcausedthetraintoderailandslamintoanapartmentbuilding.The7-carcommutertraincarrying580passengerslefttherailsMondaymorninginAmagasaki,asuburbofOsaka,about250mileswestofTokyo,itinjuredmorethan440people.Questions7and8arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem，youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Nowlistentothenews.20oftheworldstopeconomiespromisedtohelpIraqloweritsdebtandtohelprestartglobaltradetalksaftera2-daymeetinginMexicoonMonday.Officialsfromthegroupof20,G20Nations,alsodiscussedthepossibilityofsanctioningcountriesthatrefusedtocooperateinthefightagainstterrorism.Possiblesanctionswerenotoutlinedatthemeeting.Inadeclarationreleasedattheendofthemeeting,ministerscalledonWorldTradeOrganization,WTOmembers,torestartthetradetalksthatcollapsedinKankoonlastmonth.Nationsmustquicklyreenergizethenegotiationprocess,recognizingthatflexibilityandpoliticalwillfromallareurgentlyneeded,itsaid.G20ministersalsotalkedaboutthepossibilityofcreatingaVoluntaryCodeofConducttogovernnegotiationsbetweencreditorsandcountriesonthevergeofdefaultingondebt.Thecodewouldoutlinethestepsthatshouldbetakentopreventafinancialcrisis.Createdin1999toavoidfinancialdisastersandtokeeptheglobaleconomystable,theG20ismadeupoftheEuropeanUnionand19othercountriesincludingAustralia,Brazil,China,JapanandtheUS.Questions9and10arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegive