初二上册知识点unit 3

Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?,1.What are you doing for vacation?1)该句是“be+doing”的结构表示将来。用现在进行时表示将来，常用来表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，一般跟表示将来的时间。用于此情况的动词一般是表示位置转移的词，如：arrive、come、go、leave、move、start等。My parents are coming here next month.Im leaving Shanghai tomorrow.2)for vacation度假，此处的for表示“为了(某一目的)”。He went to Australia business.,2.Ask and answer questions and then write down your plans.plan在此为名词，“计划，打算”What do you think of our plan?Whats your plan for the weekend? plan还可做动词，“计划”，其过去式和过去分词均为planned。表示“计划做某事”用plan to do sth.I plan to visit my high school teacher this weekend.,3.Im going camping.go camping去野营，“go+v-ing形式”表示去进行这一活动，前面不能用some或其他数量概念的词修饰。go boating 去划船 go fishing 去钓鱼 go hiking 去徒步、远足 go shoping 去购物 go swimming 去游泳 go walking去散步扩展：动词do后面也可以接v-ing形式，与go短语不同的是，do后面的v-ing形式是动名词，做do的宾语，所以可以用some或the修饰。do some cleaning大扫除,do some cooking煮饭do some reading读书、阅读do some running跑跑步do some shoping买东西do some washing洗衣服4.That sounds nice. sound是系动词，后接形容词做表语，也可跟名词或like引导的介词短语。Westlifes songs sound beautiful.That sounds a good idea.Lin Zhilings voice sounds like a baby. 与sound用法类似的词还有look、turn、,feel、becoem、get、taste、smell等，均可用做系动词。He looks young.The Chinese roses smell sweet.5.How about you,Tony?how about=what about,用于询问情况、征求意见或提出建议，后接名词、代词或v-ing形式。Youre quite good at English and Chinese .How about your math and physics？I like red.What/How about you?,What/How about going for a walk after supper?6.How long are you staying?how long“多久，多长时间”，对一段时间提问，他的答语用“for+短时间”-How long have you learned English?-For three years.辨析：how long多长 1）一段时间 2）事物长短how often多久一次（表动作频率）how far多久（表距离）how soon还要多久,7.Send me a postcard from Hong Kong!1)send做动词，“发送，寄”，其过去式和过去分词都是sent。常用短语为send sb sth,把某物寄给某人，相当于send sth to sbPlease dont send me junk e-mails.=Please dont send junk e-mails to me.She send me a Christmas card.=She send a Christmas card to me.2)postcard做名词，“明信片”，是可数名词。The front of the postcard is a picture of our hotel.,8.Show me your photos when we get back to school.1)show出示，显示，给.看，常用短语为“show sb sth=show sth to sb”,把某物给某人看Show your tickets,please.Can you show us your new skirt?=Can you show your new skirt to us?2)get back to返回；回到.,后跟表示地点的名词或代词，后跟home、there、here等副词时，要去掉to。他的同义词组有：come back to;return to等,We got back/came back/returned to the hotel at eight at night.,语法规律总结： be+doing表将来 “be+doing”结构表示将要做某事或计划打算做某事，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。其中be是助动词，它有人称和数的变化。be动词包括am、is、are。1）肯定结构为“be+doing”I am going shopping this afternoon.He is visiting his grandparents for vacation.2)否定句是在be动词之后加not。I am not going shopping this afternoon.He isnt visiting his grandfather for vacation,3.一般疑问句是将be置于句首。Are you going shopping this afternoon？Is he visiting his grandparents for vacation?4.特殊疑问句是“疑问词+一般疑问句”。What are you doing for vacation?When is he going camping?Where is she going ?Who are you going there with?,9.go bike riding1)bike做可数名词，“自行车”。常用于短语by bike，on a bike,ride a bike中，“骑自行车”We will go to buy a bike.He goes to work by bike.2)此处的riding为ride的-ing形式，ride做动词，“乘，骑，搭乘”。ride的过去式为rode，过去分词为ridden，现在分词为ridingHe learned to ride a horse at nine.I usually ride my bike to school.扩展：ride还可做名词，“乘坐，搭便车”,I had a ride on a horse for an hour.Could you give me a ride to the station?10.Hows the weather there?这是询问天气的表达方法，相当于Whats the weather like?注意使用这两个句子时的疑问词。How was the weather yesterday?=What was the weather like yesterday?11.Ben Lambert,the famous French singer,is taking a long vacation this summer.,1)该句的主语是Ben Lambert,是名词词组the famous French singer做主语的同位语，对主语起补充说明作用，所以句子的谓语用第三人称单数。2）famous做形容词，“著名的，出名的”，其常用短语为：be famous for.因.而著名，表著名的原因be famous as.做为.而出名，后跟表示身份或职业的名词。He is famous for singing.Lu Xun is famous as a writer.3)take a long vacation度长假，也可以说,take a long holiday.I am going to take a long vacation/holiday in Beijing this summer.12.He thought about going to Greece or Spain,but decided on Canada.1)thought是动词think的过去式，think about表示“考虑，思考”，about是介词，后面接名词、代词、动名词做宾语。Tom is thinking about a difficult problem.May I think about it for a moment?Mr Green is thinking about having a meeting.,扩展：think of 想起；考虑 think over仔细思考2）decide“决定”。其名词形式是decision，decide相当make a decision。其常用结构为：decide on“就.做决定；选定”；decide to do sth“决定做某事”She decided to live in London.Who made the decision to go fishing?13.This time I want to do something different.something different不同的事，形容词修饰不定代词时，应将形容词放在不定代词的,的后面。I have something interesting to tell you.Is there anything wrong?There is nothing new in todays newspaper.遵循上述规则的词有：somebody、something、somewhere、someone、anything、anyone、everything、nothing14.He is leaving the first week in June and staying until September.leave做动词，“离开”，“leave for+地点”意为“前往某地”。“leave+地点+for+地点”意为“离开某地去某地”,When did you leave home?When will you leave here for Canada?leave还可以表示留下，遗忘，落下I left my bag under the tree.15.I hope I can forget all my problems!forget做动词，“忘记”，反义词为remember“记住”。forget/remember to do sth忘记/记住去做某事（事未做）；forget/remember doing sth意为忘记/记得曾经做了某事（事已做）I forget to post the letter.I forget posting the letter.,16.I just finished making my last movie.finish表示“完成”，可用做及物动词，后面可接名词或动名词形式做宾语，也可以用作不及物动词。When will you finish your housework?I have just finished reading the book.I can come and talk with you when I finishHis work finishes at two oclock.=He finishes his work at two oclock.17.I heard that Thailand is a good place to go sightseeing.此句是一个复合句，I heard后面的部分是that引导的宾语从句。在宾语,从句中，动词不定式to go sightseeing做后置定语，修饰前面的名词place。He is always the last one to leave.Do you want a book to read?18.What should tourists take with them?take sth with sb随身携带某物You must take the food with you.Take an umbrella with you before going out.,武汉中考：暑假将至，同学们就自己的暑假生活安排进行了交流。请你用英语向美籍教师Mr Brown介绍有关情况以及自己的暑假计划。内容应包括以下要点：1.有的同学打算外出旅游，放松一下。2.有的同学计划在家中读书，为将来的学习做准备。3.有的同学准备参加体育锻炼，保持身体健康4.谈谈自己的暑假安排要求：不要逐词翻译，词数60-80左右,语法：表示计划的句型：1.用现在进行时表将来。2.plan to do sth3.need to do sth4.want to do5.would like to do要点：1.同学们分别打算去干什么？2.自己打算干什么？有什么意义？,Summer vacation is coming.We have different plans for it.Some of m