东软英语讲义.doc

大学英语教育管理团队11级本科B班四级辅导讲义（学生版）第1-2周11-12第二学期B班四级辅导第一次Part 1 ListeningSection AShort conversations:11. A) She is preparing for an examination.B) She wants to give the man a surprise.C) She was glad to have finished the exam.D) She was stressful when taking exam.12.A) Cream cookies attract him more.B) He loves cookies without cream.C) Chocolate cookies are his favorite.D) He enjoys all kinds of cookies.13.A) They are waiting to buy medicine.B) There are two people cutting in line.C) They are anxious waiting in the line.D) Those two people will be punished.14.A) He has undergone an operation.B) He has worked in the hospital.C) He was admitted to leave hospital.D) He has been staying in hospital.15.A) Go to the airport by taxiing together.B) Go to work by sharing a taxi.C) Complain the companys high cost.D) Save on their own expenses.16.A) Wait for 30 days.B) Return for repair.C) Buy another one.D) Get a refund.17.A) The location of Andersons office.B) The appointment with Anderson.C) The construction of Andersons office.D) The directions showed by Anderson.18.A) Show regret for being absent from the meeting.B) Get out of the office in the afternoon.C) Set the time for meeting next week.D) Input some data to the project.Long conversation 119.A) A missing wallet.C) A robbery on the bus.B) A lost handbag.D) A traffic jam.20.A) Take it on her shoulder.C) Place it on her back.B) Carry it under the arm.D) Put it in front of her chest.21.A) Report to the man in the next room.C) Call for further information.B) Sit and wait in the next room.D) Give in a formal complaint.Long conversation 222.A) It gets rid of pain in the ankle.C) It helps lower the blood pressure.B) It can cure the injured ankle.D) It promote the circulation of blood.23.A) He often struggled with disease.C) He hated to be beaten by illness.B) He wanted to help sick people.D) He would like to show his talent.24.A) It can remove stress.C) It can relieve pain.B) It promotes fast sleep.D) It improves hearing.25.A) Why music can help the curing of disease.B) What kind of music works well for healing disease.C) Whether heavy music is the best for healing disease.D) How music helps the curing of disease.Short conversations11.M: What a surprise! I havent seen you for a long time. How have you been?W: Im doing very well. I just finished taking a big examination, and Im so relieved that Ive done with it.Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?12.W: John, where are the cookies? Dont tell me you ate them all! I thought you didnt like cookies.M: Well, I dont like cookies flavored with chocolate at all. But cream is different. I love them to death.Q: What does the man say about the cookies?13.W: Wow, well wait for a long time.M: Did you see those two people cutting in front of us in line just now. Lets cut in front of them and give them a taste of their own medicine.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?14.W: I saw your brother going to St. Marthas Hospital. Whats the matter?M: My father has been admitted there. He had a mild heart attack. But the doctor said that there is nothing to worry.Q: What can we learn about the mans father from the conversation?15.M: Do you want to share a taxi to the airport?W: Sure, I like this idea. We can save on expenses that way. And as you know, the company is trying to cut costs.Q: What are the speakers going to do?16.W: I want to buy this CD player. But in case there is a flaw in it, can I return it?M: Yes, if something comes up, you can show your receipt and we will give you a refund within thirty days.Q: What can the woman do if there is a flaw in the CD player?17.M: Excuse me, Im looking for Andersons office. I have a 3 oclock appointment.W: Sure. Go up the stairs and turn right. Take a left at the second hallway. Mr Andersons office will be the third door on your right.W: What is the woman mainly talking about?18.W: Were going to need everybodys input on this project. So Id like to fix a time to meet next week. M: Id prefer to meet in the morning. Im going to be out of the office most afternoons next week. Q: What are the speakers going to do?Long Conversation 1W: Good morning. Id like to report a missing handbag. M: Good morning madam. Sit down and give me the details as to where you lost the handbag, when you came to know it was lost and how it can be identified. W: Sir, I was in the “Route 23A” bus this morning. As it was the peak hour, the bus was packed. When the bus reached my stop at Egmore, I had to get down through the passengers with the handbag on my shoulder. M: Its not a safe way to carry a handbag. W: Youre right. I was pushed along till I managed to get down just as the driver drove off. It was only then I realized that my handbag was missing. M: Please describe your handbag, maam? W: It is a black leather bag. The centre part has a zip. The part on one side contains my phone-book, several old bills and receipts. The part on the other side contains a red lipstick and a small square pocket mirror. In the centre are my credit card, and an ATM Card. There may be other items, but Im not too sure! M: OK maam. You have given us a fairly good description. Well do our best to help you. Just hand in a formal complaint to the one who is seated in the next room and get a copy of the First Information Report. W: OK, Ill do it right now. Thank you, Sir. Do I need to do anything else?M: And dont forget to leave your phone number and address for contact.W: Of course! I shant forget! Thank you again. Q 19: What was the woman reporting to the man? Q 20: How did the woman carry her handbag when she got down through the passengers? Q 21: What should the woman do after the report? Long Conversation 2M: Hi, oh, sorry, Im late. W: Im waiting for you to begin the program. Are you OK? M: I was carrying some stuff to my basin last night and it injured my ankle. Its still swollen. W: I have just to think to help. A little Mozart please? M: Wait, wait, hold on. What does Mozart have to do with my injured ankle? W: Maybe itll help. Studies have shown that Mozart is helpful for healing or curing of disease, and it can help lower blood pressure and reduce pain in patients on the return to health. M: Any music or just Mozart? W: It is a good question. Mozart was a guy who was often ill, and he always battled some illness or infection, so he may have unintentionally composed music that helped him relax and feel better. M: Thats interesting, but how can we know thats true? W: Well, a Harvard doctor named Claudius Conrad did a simple experiment. He gave earphones to ten patients recovering from surgery. Five listened to Mozart, and five heard nothing. M: That sounds interesting. Whats the result? W: The patients that listened to Mozart had lower blood pressure, less need for pain medication, and reduced stress. They also help the growth, which could work as a drug used to make one calm or go to sleep. M: Interesting, but what if you hate Mozart, what if your favorite music is heavy metal? Was that still help you heal? W: Thats the next step in research. I am looking forward to the findings. Q 22: How can Mozart help the man with his injured ankle? Q 23: Why may Mozart compose music that helped the curing of disease? Q 24: Why could Mozart help the growth? Q 25: What is the next step in research? KEYS: CABDADACBADCABB Part 4 Reading ComprehensionPassage 1 CACDDOnce upon a timelast week, as it happensthe schools secretary, Ed Balls, called on parents to read a bedtime story to their children every night. And it was surely by complete coincidence that the Daily Mirror began giving away a dozen Ladybird books so that young readers could enjoy such traditional adventures as Hansel and Gretel, Little Red Riding Hood, and The Three Little Pigs.Of course, there will have to be a few changes if the government is to give official backing to the traditional stories.Lets start with Little Red Riding Hood. And lets ignore the fact that this little girls mother sends her alone into the woods, even thought a well-known wolf is at large.The more serious issue is the storys misleading picture of the National Health Service. Why is Little Red Riding Hoods grandmother left alone in her woodside cottage, when in the real world she would be treated in a district general hospital, where the number of patients being eaten by wolves has dropped to virtually zero since Labour came to power in 1997?Then there is the woodcutter, who rescues grandma in the story by attacking the wolf with his axe. That would now be out of the question without a full risk assessment. Whats more, the health and safety people might want to know what he is doing working in the woods without a safety people might want to know what he is doing working in the woods without a safety harness and a proper hard hat.Official would also have issues with The Three Little Pigs. The story is very clear when it comes to building materials: one little pig builds as house with straw, another uses twigs, while another builds with bricks. Yet the details are much more hazy(模糊) about planning permission.And as for Hansel and Gretel, who explain to their father that they have murdered their stepmother because she was a witch who lived in a house made of sweetsyes, children, now tell that to the nice judge.1. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A. Daily Mirror handed out books in response to Balls call.B. Ed Balls insisting telling story during the day was time-wasting.C. Daily Mirror set out to distribute books last week.D. Ed Balls aimed to popularize traditional stories among children.2.What does “a few changes” in the second paragraph refer to?A. Changes of the contents of traditional stories for children.B. Changes of the number of ladybirds books.C. Changes of the popularity of bedtime story.D. Changes of parents attitude towards child stories.3.By saying “where the number of patientscame to power in 1997” (Lines 3-4, Para. 4), the author wants to convey the message that_.A. the district general hospitals have reduced death rate to zeroB. wolves have been driven away from district hospitals since 1997C. the suffering of the grandmother is far away from the realityD. all patients have received free treatment in district general hospitals4.Besides lacking risk consciousness, whats the problem with the woodcutter?A. Idling away time in workplace.B. Devoting too much to his work.C. Breaking the law of forestry.D. Being unaware of safeguards.5.What is the authors purpose in writing this article?A. To compare the content of fairytales with real life.B. To suggest the government changing the contents of fairy tales.C. To advise parents to prevent their children from reading fairytales.D. To call on people to give a health and safe guide to children with fairytales.Passage 2 CBDCCAlthough language is used to transmit information, the informative functions of language are fused(熔合) with older and deeper functions so that only a small portion of our everyday speech can be described as purely informative. The ability to use language for strictly informative purposes was probably developed relatively late in the course of linguistic evolution. Long before that time, our ancestral species probably made the sorts of cries animals to do express feelings of hunger, fear, loneliness, and the like. Gradually these noises seem to have become more differentiated, transforming the cries into language as we know it today.Although we have developed language in which accurate reports may be given, we still use language as vocal equivalents of gestures such as crying in pain. When words are used as the vocal equivalents of expressive gestures, language is functioning in presymbolic(前符号的) ways. These presymbolic uses of language coexist with our symbolic system, so that the talking we do in everyday life is a thorough blending of symbolic and presymbolic language.What we call social conversation is mainly presymbolic in character. When we are at a large social gathering, for example, we all have to talk. It is typical of these conversations that, except among very good friends, few of the remarks made have any informative value. We talk together about nothing at all and thereby establish a relationship.There is a principle at work in the selection of the subject matter we deem appropriate for social conversation. Since the purpose of this kind of talk is the establishment of communion, we are careful to select subjects about which agreement is immediately possible. With each new agreement, no matter how commonplace, the fear and suspicion of the stranger wear away, and the possibility of friendships emerges. When further conversation reveals that we have friends or political views of artistic values or hobbies in common, a friend is made, and genuine communication and cooperation can begin.1. According to the passage, which of the following is one of the older and deeper functions of language?A. It can narrow the gap among strange people.B. It can provide highly informative messages to people.C. It can allow people to express their emotions.D. It can bring together people with same interests.2.The word “differentiated” (Line 6, Para 1) probably means_.A. changeableB. definedC. functionalD. communicated3.Which of the following can best define the term of “pre