Henry wadsworth longfellow朗费罗 ppt课件

HenryWadsworthLongfellow 1807 1882 FiresidePoetswritinglyricpoemsknownfortheirmusicalitythefirstAmericantotranslateDanteAlighieri sTheDivineComedyProfessoratranslator Lyricpoetryisaformofpoetrywhichexpressespersonalemotionsorfeelings typicallyspokeninthefirstperson 1 ThetermderivesfromaformofAncientGreekliterature thelyric whichwasdefinedbyitsmusicalaccompaniment usuallyonastringedinstrumentknownasalyre 2 ThetermowesitsimportanceinliterarytheorytothedivisiondevelopedbyAristotlebetweenthreebroadcategoriesofpoetry lyrical dramaticandepic 1807 1882 Thefirstnon BritishwriterforwhomacommemorativesculptedbustwasplacedinPoet sCornerofWestminsterAbbeyinLondon I HisLife LongfellowwasbornonFebruary27 1807 toStephenLongfellowandZilpah Wadsworth LongfellowinPortland Maine andhegrewupinwhatisnowknownastheWadsworth LongfellowHouse Henrywasenrolledinadameschool anearlyformofaprivateelementaryschoolinEnglish speakingcountries attheageofthreeandbyagesixwasenrolledattheprivatePortlandAcademy Inthefallof1822 the15 year oldLongfellowenrolledatBowdoinCollegeinBrunswick Maine alongsidehisbrotherStephen 4 Aftergraduatingin1825 hewasofferedajobasprofessorofmodernlanguagesathisalmamater ThenhewenttoEuropetostudylanguage againstthewishofhisfatherwhothoughthissonshouldbecomealawyer For4years hestudiedlanguagesinFrance Spain Italy GermanyandEngland InMadrid hespenttimewithWashingtonIrvingandwasparticularlyimpressedbytheauthor sworkethic IrvingencouragedtheyoungLongfellowtopursuewriting HeservedasaprofessorofmodernlanguagesatBowdoinCollegefrom1829 1835 HetaughtmodernlanguagesatHarvardfrom1836to1854 9 Hisfirstmarriageendedin1835 whenhiswifedied In1843 hemarriedthedaughterofawealthyindustrialistwhogavehimwealth anddomestichappiness 10 HespenthislastdaysinCambridge 11 HeistheonlyAmericanmanofletterstobehonoredwithabustinthePoet sConnerinWestminster MaryStorerPotterbecameLongfellow sfirstwifein1831anddiedfouryearslater Afteraseven yearcourtship LongfellowmarriedFrancesAppletonin1843 Reputation1 Thepoet s70thbirthdayin1877wascelebratedaroundthecountry2 LongfellowwasthefirstAmericanpoetwhosebustwasplacedinthePoets CornerinWestminsterchurch London Besides Hismarbleimageisseenthere ThePoets CornerwasapartofthetombsofWestminsterchurch Chaucer Shakespeare JaneAustinDickens Byron it stheplacewhereEnglishpoetwereburied Reputation HewasconsideredoneofthemostpopularAmericanpoetsof19thCentury mostpopularisnotthewordusedonordinarypeople mostpopularmeanswelcomebythepublic peoplelikehim Reputation Untilnowwecanyousee Longfellowisaluckywritercomparedwithotherwriterswhoarenamelesswhiletheyareliving Someofthemhadnoreadersorevenmisunderstoodbypeople ButLongfellowwaspopularandlovedbypeoplewhilehislivingtime Longfellow sInfluence LongfellowalsoinfluencedAmerica sartisticandpopularculture Hisworksinspiredartistsandcomposers andhispoemswerereadandrecitednotonlyinparlorsandschoolrooms butalsoatcivicceremonies Schools geographiclocations andordinaryproducts evencigars werenamedforhimandforcharactersfromhispoems Inthe1870s schoolchildrencelebratedhisbirthdayasifitwereanationalholiday Hispoetryhasbeenacontinuouspresenceinourlanguageeversince Heisquotedbymerchantsandmanufacturersontheirproducts byjournalistsandpreachersintheirarticlesandsermons andbyordinarymenandwomenintheirdailylives SomeofhislinesandphrasesaresowellknownthattheyhaveenteredtheAmericanlanguage Someofhislinesandphrases Aboy swillisthewind swill 男孩的梦是风之梦 男孩的理想大如天 Shipsthatpassinthenight 过夜的船 萍水相逢的人 Footprintsonthesandsoftime 能把足迹留在时间的流沙上TodaytheyareoftenquotedwithoutthespeakerevenknowingLongfellowpennedthewords Contribution Heisthemostimportantoneofthe NewEnglandPoets otherpoets WilliamCullenBryant JamesRussellLowell OliverWendellHolmesandJohnGreenleafWhittier BasedonhisknowledgeofEuropeanliterarytradition hebecameamasterofsonnetsandreflectivelyric HedidagreatservicetoAmericanliteratureindomesticatingcertainformsfromEuropeanliterature HissearchfornewformsandhiseffortsinconveyingdidacticisminpopularpoemsbroughthimapopularitywiththecommonreadersinAmericathathasneverbeenapproachedbyanyotherpoet FeaturesofLongfellow spoems Theme Hetalkedaboutthemasterityofbirth deathandlove Alwaystookactiveattitudetowardslife expressinghislovefornatureandpast Hisstyleandsubjectswereconventional especiallyincomparisonwithWhitmanormoremodernwriters LongfellowwasgreatlyinfluencedbytheEuropeanwayofwriting Englishverse GermanRomanticism HeadoptedEuropeanideasinAmericansubjects andalwaysinEuropeanstyles Inhislyrics hedrewonEuropeantechniquesofEuropeanpoetryaswellashisowncreativity Reasonsforhispopularityandsignificance 1 Hehadgiftforeasyrhyme Hewroteapoemasbirdsingswithnaturalgraceandmelody 2 Hewroteobviousthemewhichappealtoallkindsofpeople HetalkedaboutthethingsAmericanwantedtohear 3 HewasoneofthewriterswhousenativeAmericanthemes HewroteaboutAmericansceneandlandscape TheIndians theAmericanhistoryandtradition Whiletheotherwriterswroteaboutunhappydepthoftheinner LongfellowdirectedhearttoordinaryAmericans Longfellowdidnotwriteforthesakeofotherpoets theywroteforthecommonpeople Hewasoneofthe schoolroompoets or firesidepoets becausehispoemswereprintedforschoolchildrentomemorizeanditbecameasourceofentertainmentforfamiliesgatheredaroundthefireplace Sincehissubjectswereabouthome family nature andreligiontheywereeasytounderstandandmetthecommontaste Hewasoneofthosefewwriterwhoseworkswerewelcomewhiletheywereliving Hewasalsoimportantasatranslator histranslationofDantebecamearequiredpossessionforthosewhowantedtobeapartofhighculture Healsoencouragedandsupportedothertranslators InhonorofLongfellow srolewithtranslations HarvardestablishedtheLongfellowInstitutein1994 dedicatedtoliteraturewrittenintheUnitedStatesinlanguagesotherthanEnglish ContemporarywriterEdgarAllanPoewrotetoLongfellowinMay1841ofhis ferventadmirationwhich your geniushasinspiredinme andlatercalledhim unquestionablythebestpoetinAmerica Firesidegroups ThegroupistypicallythoughttocompriseHenryWadsworthLongfellow WilliamCullenBryant JohnGreenleafWhittier JamesRussellLowell andOliverWendellHolmes Sr 2 whowerethefirstAmericanpoetswhosepopularityrivaledthatofBritishpoets bothathomeandabroad nearlysurpassingthatofAlfred LordTennyson Thename FiresidePoets isderivedfromthatpopularity theirgeneraladherencetopoeticconvention standardforms regularmeter andrhymedstanzas madetheirbodyofworkparticularlysuitableformemorizationandrecitationinschoolandalsoathome whereitwasasourceofentertainmentforfamiliesgatheredaroundthefire Thepoets primarysubjectswerethedomesticlife mythology andpoliticsoftheUnitedStates inwhichseveralofthepoetsweredirectlyinvolved TheFiresidePoetsdidnotwriteforthesakeofotherpoets theywroteforthecommonpeople Theymeanttohavetheirstoriestoldforfamilies citationneeded MostoftheFiresidePoetslivedlonglives Aculminatingeventwasthe70thbirthdaypartyofWhittierin1877 OrganizedbypublisherHenryOscarHoughton theneditoroftheAtlanticMonthly theeventwasmeanttoserveasasymbolforthemagazine sassociationwiththepoets mostofwhomwerepresentforthecelebration 3 LowellhadrecentlymovedtoSpain 4 MarkTwaingaveaninfamousafter dinnerspeechinwhichhesatirizedthepoetsasuncouthdrunkards 5 Commentary ProbablythebestlovedofAmericanpoetstheworldoverisHenryWadsworthLongfellow TherearetworeasonsforthepopularityandsignificanceofLongfellow spoetry1 Hehadthegiftofeasyrhyme 2 HewroteonobviousthemeswhichappealtoallkindsofpeopleHemadeagreatcontributionto thefloweringofNewEnglandAmericansoweagreatdebttoLongfellowbecausehewasamongthefirstofAmericanwriterstousenativethemes Limitation Hefailedtoreflectwhathefeltpersonally insteadofwhatheattainedfromreading HispoemslackofsuchdepthandinsightofagreatartistasthatofWhitman Fortheabovereasons Longfellow spopularityrapidlydeclined beginningshortlyafterhisdeathandintothe20thcenturyasacademicsbegantoappreciatepoetslikeWaltWhitman EdwinArlingtonRobinson andRobertFrost IVWorksofLongfellow VoicesoftheNightEarlierPoemsBalladsandotherPoemsPoemsonSlaveryTheBelfryofBrugesandotherPoemsEvangeline aTaleofAcadieTheSeasideandtheFiresideTheSongofHiawathaTheCourtshipofMilesStandishBirdsofPassageTalesofaWaysideInnUltimaThuleIntheHarborFragmentsChristus aMysteryTranslations IV Works Hiswell knownpoemsarecollectedinthefollowingpoemcollection VoicesoftheNight 夜吟 1839BalladsandotherPoems 歌谣及其它 1842BelfryofBrugesandOtherPoems 布鲁茨的钟楼及其它诗 1845TalesofaWaysideInn 路边客栈的故事 1863 Narrativepoems Evangeline 伊凡杰林 1847TheSongofHiawatha 海华沙之歌 1855TheCourtshipofMilesStandish 迈尔斯斯坦迪什的求婚 HistranslationofDivineComedy 神曲 ofDante 乡村铁匠 赞美了人民的勤劳 智慧 坚强的意志和非凡的创造力 保罗 里维尔骑马来 的主人公是一个工人出身的贫民英雄 伊万杰琳 中刻画了普通人善良 淳朴 正直和忠贞的性格 歌颂坚贞的荡人肺腑的爱情 海华沙之歌 字里行间透露出诗人对印第安人强烈的同情 迈尔斯 史坦迪什求婚记 赞美纯真的友谊和爱情 敞开的窗户 孩子们 等诗篇 显示了诗人对普通人命运的关注 对孩子的柔情和关爱 HisWorks VoicesoftheNight 1839 catchtheattentionBalladsandOtherPoems 1841 Evangeline 1847 hisnarrativepoemontheAcadiansHiawathaorTheSongofHiawatha 1855 hiscelebrated IndianEdda TheCourtshipofMilesStandish 1858 greatpopularityTalesofaWaysideInn 1863 MichealAngelo 迈克尔 安吉洛 mostconspicuousdramaticwork HymntotheNight夜之颂 IheardthetrailinggarmentsoftheNightSweepthroughhermarblehalls IsawhersableskirtsallfringedwithlightFromthecelestialwalls 黑夜拖曳着衣裾 扫过她大理石的殿堂 来自天幕的光 将她黑裙的边绣成穗状 Ifeltherpresence byitsspellofmight Stoopo ermefromabove Thecalm majesticpresenceoftheNight AsoftheoneIlove 我感到她的出现 因她符咒般的力量 从天空俯于我身上 黑夜降临 平静而端庄 一如我钟爱的姑娘 Iheardthesoundsofsorrowanddelight Themanifold softchimes ThatfillthehauntedchambersoftheNightLikesomeoldpoet srhymes 我听到声音 有喜悦有忧伤 温柔和谐 多种多样 如古老诗歌的韵律 在黑夜鬼魂出没的房间回荡 FromthecoolcisternsofthemidnightairMyspiritdrankrepose Thefountainofperpetualpeaceflowsthere Fromthosedeepcisternsflows 自午夜空中清凉的水池 我的灵魂畅饮修眠 那些深深的水池中 流淌着永久平静的清泉 OholyNight fromtheeIlearntobearWhatmanhasbornebefore ThoulayestthyfingeronthelipsofCare Andtheycomplainnomore 啊 神圣的黑夜 从你处我学会容忍 容前人能容之事 你把手指放在柔软的唇上 而它们不抱怨 不声张 Peace Peace Orestes likeIbreathethisprayer Descendwithbroad wingedflight Thewelcome thethrice prayedfor themostfair Thebest belovedNight 安静 安静 像俄瑞斯忒斯那样 我祈求上苍 寂静如鸟儿收翅缓缓从天降 欢迎你 我三次祈祷 把最美丽最心爱的黑夜颂扬 TheSecretoftheSea Ah whatpleasantvisionshauntmeAsIgazeuponthesea Alltheoldromanticlegends Allmydreams comebacktome 啊 我有一种多麽美妙的幻觉 每当我极目凝望海洋 所有昔日的浪漫传奇和我的梦境 都又重新回到我的心房 Sailsofsilkandropesofsendal Suchasgleaminancientlore Andthesingingofthesailors