江西省横峰中学高中英语 book 7 unit 4 language points课件.ppt

languagepoints adjustpurchasesewparticipateoperatedonaterelevantsoftpoliticalremoteprivilege 调整 使合适购买缝制参加工作 运转捐赠有关的软的政治的偏僻的特权 hearfrombedyingtocomeacrossstickoutdryupinneedparticipatein 接到 的信渴望 极想碰到伸出干透在困难中参加 words phrases 1 bedyingtodo forsth 渴望做某事 迫切想要sheisdyingtogoabroad i mdyingforaglassofwater 渴望 的类似说法有 bethirstyforsth haveastrongdesireforsth desiretodosth longtodo forsth bedesperatetodosth forath 2 picturen 图画vt 描绘 想象 imagine theartistpicturedherasaspanishdancer ican tquitepicturemyselfasamother 词性转换在阅读中常有出现 map 绘地图 作图head 向 前进 hand 手传递 交water 浇水book 预订dry 使 干燥 3 thanksforyourletter whichtookafortnighttoarrive 花费时间 金钱干某事 的常用句型 ittakessb timetodosth itcostssb moneytodosth sth costssbmoneysb spendstime money in doingsth onsth sb paysmoneyforsthitwillcostyou 50toflytoparis shespendstwohours in watchingtveveryday 4 adapt oneself to changesth inordertomakeitsuitable foranewuse etc 适应 适合wehadtoadaptquicklytothenewsystem 我们不得不迅速适应新制度 whenyougotoanewcountry youmustadaptyourselftonewmannersandcustoms 注意 adapt也可表示 改编 改写 其搭配如下 1 adaptsth for 改写 为 用 改编 为适合 itishardtoadaptthisstoryforchildren thefilm 要将这部小说改编为适合小孩子 电影 很困难 2 beadaptedfrom由 改编thisplayisadaptedfromanovel 常见含有to的短语归纳如下 beusedto习惯于berelatedto与 相关leadto导致 通向devoteoneselfto献身于giveriseto引起lookforwardto盼望payattentionto注意contributeto为 做贡献accessto接近 进入 某地的 方法beaccustomedto习惯于beaddictedto沉溺于 嗜好 5 forsure certainlyso肯定如此 毫无疑问shewon tlendyouanymoney andthat sforsure 她不会借钱给你 那是确定无疑的 he llbeattheparty forsure 毫无疑问 他会参加这次聚会的 besureof about确信 对 有把握besureofoneself有自信makesure确信 查明 核实tobesure的确 诚然 作插入语用 heworksslowly tobesure buthedoesagoodjob 6 imaginativeadj 富有想象力的 爱想象的animaginativechild writerimaginaryadj 想象中的 假想的imaginev 设想imaginableadj 可想象的imagen 雕像 肖像imaginationn 想象力amanofrichimagination 词语辨析 imaginative showingnewandexcitingideas富于想象力的 创新的weneedimaginativepeopletoputnewenergyintotheteam imaginary existingonlyinyourmindorimagination想象中的thestoryiswhollyimaginary imaginable 与形容词最高级或与all every连用 表示强调或概括 想象得到的 可想象的thehousehasthemostbeautifulviewsimaginable 7 comeacross 偶然 遇见 碰见 发现 无被动语态 tomeetorfindbychanceicameacrosschildrensleepingunderthebridge comeupon偶然遇见 happentomeet meetwith 与come相关的短语 comealong快点 来吧comearoundcomeback回来 折回comefrom来自 从 来comeoff从 离开 脱落comeout出来 出版comeup走过来 走近comeover过来cometo来到 结果是 苏醒 8 sometimeslwonderhowrelevantchemistryistothesestudents mostofwhomwillbegoingbacktotheirvillagesafteryear8anyway 1 relevant有关的 有实际重要性的 berelevanttosth sb hisageisnotrelevanttowhetherheisagoodteacher 他的年龄与他是否是一位好老师无关 2 willbedoing将来进行时 表示将来某个时候正在发生的动作 如 i msurelwillbestudyinginauniversitynextseptember 我相信下一年的9月我会正在大学里学习 9 wonder用法归纳 wonderat 对 感到惊讶 惊奇everybodywondersathisdoingthat wonderabout 对 感到疑惑don tyouwonderabouthisreasonsforwantingmoney 难道你对他缺钱的理由不感到怀疑吗 wondertodo对做某事感到惊讶wewonderedtoseeherthere 看到她在那儿 我们很惊奇 wonder that从句对 事情感到奇怪 吃惊canyouwonderthattheyrefused 他们拒绝了 你 会 感到奇怪吗wonderwh 词 todo想知道 常译为 不知道 wonderwh if 从句想知道 常译为 不知道 iwaswonderingwheretospendtheweekend iwonderifyouarefreethisafternoon itis nowonder that 从句 难怪 怪不得 不足为奇nowonderthathehaspassedtheexamination 10 tombe sfather mukap ledustohishouse alowbamboohutwithgrassstickingoutoftheroof 他的父亲领我们到他的房子 一个低矮的小竹屋 草伸出屋顶 stickout伸出stickwith保持密切关系 继续支持stickto坚持 维持it srudetostickoutyourtongueatothers 对别人吐舌头是不礼貌的 iwillstickwithmyfriendsthroughthickandthin 我与朋友患难与共 hepromisedtohelpusandhestucktohisword 他答应过帮助我们 他没有失信 11 tombetoldmethatthecanwasheatedtodryouttheleftoverfood theybelievethatanyleftoversattractevilspiritsinthenight sothefoodisdriedupinthecanand dryout 使 变干 干透watertheplantregularly neverlettingthesoildryout dryup 河流 湖泊等 干枯 使 完全变干duringthedroughttheriverdriedup thewriter slongseparationfromoutsidedrieduphisimagination thehutwasdarkinsidesoittooktimeforoureyestoadjust adjustvi 适应headjustedquicklytotheheatofindia adjustvt 调整 整理headjustedhistiebeforeenteringthehall adjustableadj 可调整的adjustmentn 调整 13 itwassuchaprivilegetohavespentadaywithtombe sfamily privilege殊荣itwasaprivilegetomakehisacquaintance privilege还表示 特权 权利 onlymembershavetheprivilegetousetheground theprivilegeofcitizenship equality公民权 平等权14 conceptn 概念 思想 观念newconceptenglishihavenoconceptofdoingchemistryexperiment 15 getthrough到达 完成 通过 打通电话themessagegotthroughtousatall getthroughone sworkshegotthroughtheexamination icalledhimmanytimesbuticouldn tgetthrough 16 participatein takepartin everyyearmoreandmorepeopleparticipateinvoluntarywork 17 otherwiseadv 否则 不然 you llhavetogonow otherwiseyou llmissthebus say decide suggest thinkotherwise说的 决定建议 认为并非如此thegovernmentclaimsthattheeconomyisimproving butthissurveysuggestsotherwise hewastiredbutotherwise 但其它方面 ingoodhealth wewelcomeanycommentsfromviewersfavourableorotherwise 或相反 1 findwordsintheunitthathavethefollowingmeanings tochangeslightlytomakesomethingworkbetterametalshelfforcookingmeat toastingbread etcconnectedwithwhatisbeingdoneordiscussedanideaanhonoursomethingthathasbeenorganizedwrittenworkinanoffice suchaswritingreportsorletterstobreatheairintoyournosenoisily adjust grill relevant paperwork privilege arrangement concept sniff 2 completetheparagraphwiththewordsorphrasesbelowintheirproperforms sharonlookedatherselfinthemirrorandsighed shehadpostedthe lettertotimlastweekbuthadhadnoreply shesmoothedherhairdownwithawetcomb wipedher shoes andthoughtaboutthethreemonthsshehadknownhim hewasthenicestboyshehadevermet shewouldnot airmail muddy otherwiseairmailbedyingtoadjustmuddyhearfromfortnightplatformremote otherwise havefalleninlovewithhim shestillrememberedthathe quicklywhenheheardshecamefroma village atfirstshehad himeveryweekbutnowshehadnotheardfora why shehaddecidedtofindout shewalkeddownthe tocatchthetraintonewyorkfeelingbothexcitedandnervous she seehimagainbutwhatifhedidn twanttoseeher adjusted remote heardfrom fortnight platform otherwiseairmailbedyingtoadjustmuddyhearfromfortnightplatformremote wasdyingto revisingusefulstructures therestrictiveattributiveclause revisionofrestrictiveattributiveclause限定性定语从句复习 1 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 2 引导定语从句的关系代词有 which that who whom whose和as 其作用是 引导定语从句 代替先行词 在定语从句中充当一定成分 3 引导定语从句的关系副词有 where when why 可替换成 介词 关系代词 注 1 介词提前时一般只用which和whom 2 whose 名词 the 名词 ofwhich ofwhom 二 关系词的用法 一 关系代词的用法 1 作主语用who which和that 如 heisthemanwho thatlivesnextdoor thetrainwhich thathasjustleftisforshenzhen 2 作宾语用whom who which that 如 theman whom who that wehavejustseenisafamouswriter whereisthebook which that iboughtlastweek 注 在非正式文体中 关系代词作宾语时 用于指人的whowhom that和用于指物的which和that通常可以省略 但在介词提前时 或在非限定性定语从句中 关系代词即使作宾语也不可省略 3 作定语用whose 如 a heisthemanwhosecarwasstolenlastweek b itwasameetingwhoseimportanceididnotrealizeatthattime 4 作表语只用that 它既可以指人 也可以指物 但时常省略 heisnolongerthemanthatheusedtobe thisisnolongerthedirtyplace that itusedtobe 注 whose 名词中心词 这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语 如上a句 又能作宾语 如上b句 whose的先行词常用来指人 但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念 这时可以与ofwhich结构互换 词序是 名词 ofwhich 如 theycametoahousewhosebackwallhadbrokendown thebackwallofwhich he swrittenabookthenameofwhichi vecompletelyforgotten whosename 难点 as 引导限定性定语从句 指代被thesame such as so等修饰的名词 don ttalkaboutsuchthingsasyoudon tunderstand we refacingthesameproblemsaswedidyearsago itisaspleasantafilmasihaveeverseen hereissobigastoneasnoonecanlift 比较 hereissobigastonethatnoonecanliftit 结果状语从句 关系代词的用法练习 1 theeggswerenotfresh iboughtthemyesterday 2 thefriendwasnothungry hecametosupperlastnight 3 heprefersthecheese itcomesfromhisparent sfarm 4 thenoodlesweredelicious youcookedthem 5 idon tlikethepeople theysmokealot theeggs that which iboughtthemwerenotfresh thefriendwho thathecametosupperlastnightwasnothungry heprefersthecheesethat whichitcomesfromhisparent sfarm thenoodles which that youcookedthemweredelicious idon tlikethepeoplethat whotheysmokealot 注 定语从句关系代词已经代替先行词在从句中充当了某一成分 故从句中不能再出现该先行词 宜用that引导的定语从句1 序数词或最高级形容词修饰先行词时 要用that thefirstenglishnovelthatireadwasataleoftwocitiesbycharlesdickens all everything nothing something anything等不定代词作先行词时用that everythingthatwesawinthefactorygreatlyinterestedus 人和物合作先行词时 要用that weweretalkingaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwerememberedinourschool 先行词前有theonly thevery theright thesame等修饰时 要用that itistheveryskirtthatsuitsmewell 2 宜用which引导的定语从句当定语从句的介词提前时 要用which thehouseinwhichtheylivedlastyearhasbeenrebuilt 引导非限制性定语从句时 要用which heboughtarailwayticketforthewoman whichhelpedheralot 5 在疑问词who which what开头的句子中 要用thatwhoeverthatiscontentwithalittleprogresscan tmakebigachievements 6 关系代词在定语从句中作表语只用thatheisnolongerthemanthatheusedtobe thisisnolongerthedirtyplace that itusedtobe 3 宜用as引导的定语从句先行词与such thesame连用或先行词本身就是thesame such时 要用as suchpeopleasyoudescribearerarenowadays wouldyouliketobuythesamepenasihave 2 代替整个句子 在从句中作主语 而从句位于句首时 要用as asiswellknown theearthgoesaroundthesun 4 宜用who引导的定语从句 当先行词是人称代词或是those anyone等时 常用who hewhodoesnotreachthegreatwallisnotatrueman thosewhowereeitherfoolsorunfitfortheirofficescouldnotseethecloth 二 关系副词的用法 1 when指时间 在从句中作时间状语 它的先行词通常有 time day morning night week year等 如 istillrememberthetimewhenifirstbecameacollegestudent doyouknowthedatewhenlincolnwasborn 注 when时常可以省略 特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中 例如 eachtimehecame hedidhisbesttohelpus buthelpneverstoppedcomingfromthedayshefellill 2 where指地点 在从句中作地点状语 它的先行词通常有 place spot street house room city town country等 如 thisisthehotelwheretheyarestaying iforgetthehousewherethesmithslived 注 where有时也可以省略 如 thisistheplace where wemetyesterday 3 why指原因或理由 它的先行词只有reason thatisthereasonwhyheisleavingsosoon 注 why时常也可以省略 如 thatistherealreasonhedidit 使用关系副词应注意下列几点 1 这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词 which结构 when on in at during which where in at on which why forwhich 如 iwasinbeijingonthedaywhen onwhich hearrived theofficewhere inwhich heworksisonthethirdfloor thisisthechiefreasonwhy forwhich wedidit 2 当先行词是表时间的time day等和表地点的place house等时 一定要注意分析从句的结构 如果缺少主语或宾语时 关系词应该用which或that 缺少时间状语或地点状语时 才能用when或where 试比较 i llneverforgetthedaywhenmyhometownwasliberated i llneverforgetthedayswhich thatwespenttogetherlastsummer hisfatherworksinafactorywhereradiopartsaremade hisfatherworksinafactorywhich thatmakesradioparts 温馨提示 when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句 也可以引导非限制性定语从句 而why只能引导限制性定语从句 1 i llneverforgetthedays weworkedtogether 2 i llneverforgetthedays wespenttogether 3 iwenttotheplaceiworkedtenyearsago 4 iwenttotheplace ivisitedtenyearsago 5 thisisthereason hewaslate 6 thisisthereason hegave when inwhich which where inwhich which why forwhich that which 几种易混的情况 及物动词 及物动词 及物动词 1 根据先行词来确定thisisthepotinwhichiboiledthemilk boilmilkinthepot yesterdaywehadameeting atwhichwediscussedmanyproblems discussproblemsatthemeeting 1979wastheyearinwhichmysonwasborn mysonwasbornintheyear thisistheplaceinwhichigrewup growupintheplace that sthereasonforwhichhedislikesme dislikemeforthereason 介词的确定方法 介词 which whom 2 根据从句中的谓语动词或形容词来确定thepersontowhomicomplainedisthemanager complainedtotheperson thedog ofwhichheusedtobeafraid isherfavoriteanimalnow beafraidofthedog 3 根据从句所表达的意思来确定water withoutwhichmancan tlive isreallyimportant 4 当介词和从句中的动词构成固定词组时 介词不能前置thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingafterareveryhealthy 1 介词 which whose n ioftengetupatsix atwhichtimeitisstillverydarkinwinter heisthemanfromwhosehousethepictureswerestolen 2 名词 of which whom thisistheladythesonofwhomis