15 In a station of the metro image and themeppt课件

Modernism Imagism EzraPoundandWilliamCarlosWilliams TeachingObjectives Modernism ImagismEzraPound InaStationoftheMetro WilliamCarlosWilliams TheRedWheelbarrow Modernism 1 The20thcenturydidnotbeginuntiltheseconddecade thefirstbeingjustacontinuationofthelastcentury Twothingsmade1910sand1920sdifferentfromotherperiods WWIandthesenseoflifebeingdislocatedandfragmented WWI WWIwasthebiggesteventofthetime Peoplewentintoitwithextremeenthusiasm inspiredbytheidealofmakingtheworldsafefordemocracy TheWarreallymadeUSricher asenseoffindingmoneyeverywhere Thereappearedaneconomicboomandasuddenjumpintechnology People shorizonswerewidenedtoincreasetheirknowledge Atthesametime oldmoralvalueswerebreakingdown bobbedhair shortskirts womendrinkingandsmoking Ontheotherhand therewasatremendousdisillusionmentbecausenothinghadchanged Therewasapopularcontemptforthelaw theprohibitionofalcohol bootleggers etc Thedreamhadfailedandthecountrywasbuildingupeconomictroublestowarddisaster AlossoffaithbeganwithDarwin stheoriesofevolution Withoutfaithmancouldnolongerkeephisfeelingandthoughtwhole henceasenseoflifebeingfragmentedandchaotic Withoutfaith mannolongerfeltsecureandhappy hencethefeelingofgloomanddespair Disillusionment Whatisanimage T E Hulme Theimagemustenableone todwellandlingeruponapointofexcitement toachievetheimpossibleandconvertapointintoaline EzraPound Animageis thatwhichpresentsanintellectualandemotionalcomplexinaninstantoftime 情感和理智瞬间的融合 RichardAldington Theexactwordmustbringtheeffectoftheobjectbeforethereaderasithadpresenteditselftothepoet smindatthetimeofwriting Imagism 1908 1917 TheImagistMovementbeganinLondonandlaterspreadtotheUS Itunderwentthreemajorphasesinitsdevelopment 1908 1911AnEnglishman T E Hulme foundedaPoets Clubin1908 whichpoetsmeteveryWednesdayeveningtodiscusspoetry Hebelievedthatthemosteffectivemeanstoexpressthemomentaryimpressionsisthrough theuseofonedominantimage 1912 1914EzraPoundtookoverthemovement In1912 theypublishedacollectionofpoems entitledDesImagistes inwhichamanifestocameintobeing a Directtreatmentofthe thing whethersubjectiveorobjective b Touseabsolutelynowordthatdoesnotcontributetothepresentation c Asregardingrhythm tocomposeinthesequenceofthemusicalphase notinthesequenceofametronome 节拍器 1914 1917AmyLowelltookoverthemovementanddevelopeditinto Amygism In1915 1916 1917 threevolumesofSomeImagistPoetscameout After1917 Imagismceasedtobeamovement LiterarySourcesofImagismTheImagistMovementdrewfromavarietyofpoetictraditions Greek JapaneseandChinesepoetry Theideographic 表意的 andpictographic 表形的 natureofChineselanguage whichcharacterizeancientChinesepoetryfascinatedtheImagists EvaluationHowever adominantimageisincapableofsustainingalongerpoeticeffort Thusnogreatpoetrycameout Nevertheless itwasarebellionagainstthetraditionandofferedanewwayofwriting ATypicalChineseImagistPoem AutumnEveningcrowsperchonoldtreeswreathedwithwitheredvine Waterofastreamflowsbyafamilycottagenearatinybridge Aleanhorsewalksonanancientroadinwesternbreeze Thesunissettinginthewest Theheart brokenoneisattheendoftheEarth 天净沙 秋思 马致远枯藤 老树 昏鸦 小桥 流水 人家 古道 西风 瘦马 夕阳西下 断肠人在天涯 RepresentativesofImagism T E Hulme Autumn F S Flint TheSwan HildaDoolittle Oread AmyLowell WindandSilver WilliamCarlosWilliams TheRedWheelbarrow EzraPound InaStationoftheMetro EzraPound 1885 1972 Bornin1885andraisedinPennsylvania EzraPoundspentmostofhislifeinEuropeandbecameoneofthe20thcentury smostinfluentialandcontroversialpoetsintheEnglishlanguage Poundwasundoubtedlyagenius Beforehegraduatedfromuniversity hehadmastered9languagesaswellasEnglishgrammarandliterature EzraPound EnamoredwithBenitoMussolini Poundmadeanti AmericanradiobroadcastsduringWorldWarII Hewasarrestedasatraitorin1945andinitiallyconfinedinPisa HewasthensenttotheU S wherehewasdeemedmentallyunfittostandtrialfortreason Poundwasconfinedfor12yearsinahospital actuallyprison forthecriminallyinsaneinWashington DuringthistimehetranslatedworksofancientGreekandancientChineseliterature Whileinprison hewasawardedaprestigiouspoetryprizein1949forhislastCantos 诗章 Pound sMajorWorks Poundwrote70booksandover1500articlesinhislife HismajorworkofpoetryisTheCantos alongpoemwhichhewroteinsectionsbetween1915and1945 a Inthispoem hetracestheriseandfallofeasternandwesternempires thedestructioncausedbygreedandmaterialism b HedeploresthecorruptionofAmericaaftertheheroictimeofJefferson c Thelastpart producedfromhisownsuffering isthemostmoving InaStationoftheMetroTheapparitionofthesefacesinthecrowd Petalsonawet blackbough Howdidthispoemcomeabout ThreeyearsagoinParisIgotoutofa metro trainatLaConcorde andsawsuddenlyabeautifulface andthenanotherandanother andthenabeautifulchild sface andthenanotherbeautifulwoman AyearlaterImadethefollowinghaiku 俳句 byEzraPound Theapparitionofthesefacesinthecrowd Petalsonawet blackbough 在地铁站中 的创作来源 三年前在巴黎 我在协约车站走出了地铁车厢 突然间 我看到了一个美丽的面孔 然后又看到了一个 然后是一个美丽儿童的面孔 然后又是一个美丽的女人 那一天我努力寻找能表达我的感受的文字 我找不到我认为能与之相称的 或者像那种突发情感那样可爱的文字 那天晚上 我还在努力寻找的时候 忽然找到了表达方式 并不是说我找到了一些文字 而是出现了一个方程式 不是用语言 而是用许多颜色的小斑点 这种 一个意象的诗 是一个叠加形式 即一个概念叠在另一个概念之上 我发现这对我摆脱那次在地铁的情感所造成的困境很有用 我写了一首30行的诗 然后销毁了 一个月后 我又写了比那首短一半的诗 一年后我写了这首日本俳句式的诗句 黄晋凯译 StudyObjects Whatsubjectsdoesthepoetintendtopresent Whataretheimaginedobjects Inwhatwaysdothesubjectsinrealityresembletheimaginedobjects Whatarethemetaphors Whatotherfiguresofspeechdoesthepoetemploy Whataretheskillsemployedbythepoet Whatarethethemesexemplifiedinthepoem Theapparitionofthesefacesinthecrowd Apparition 1 Aghostlyfigure aspecter 幽灵 幻影2 Asuddenorunusualsight 突然景象 特异景象3 Theactofappearing appearance 出现 显形 出现的行为 露面 Facesinthecrowdappearsuddenlyliketheghostlyphantom 幻影 I Whatsubjectsdoesthepoetintendtopresent Facesofwomenandchildren suddenly beautiful 2 Thecrowdinthemetrostation II Whatarethecentralimagespresentedinthepoem Petalsonawet blackbough III Howarethesubjectsinrealityrelatedtotheimagesinthepoem Thesubjectsthatthepoetintendstopresentarerelatedtotheimagesinthepoeminfiveaspects ShapesColorsFeelingsMovementsContrastsbetweeneachsubject image Awet blackbough Shape long thickColor black darkFeeling wet coldMovement still dull 呆滞的 Crowdinthelong dark wetmetrostation Petals shape round ovalorpointedcolor bright pink white yellow etc feeling warmmovement flickering 摇曳 忽隐忽现 inthebreeze daffodils flutteringanddancinginthebreeze Lovelyfacesofwomenandchildrenflashinginthedarkandwetmetrostation apparition III Whataretheeffectsofsuchconnections Transcendtimelimits frompresentfacestoimaginedpetalsTranscendspacelimits fromametrostationtoabough fromrealitytoanimaginativeworld 2 Vaguenessbetweensubjectsbeingdescribedandimagesinthepoembroadenstheimagination3 Contrastandfeelingarereinforced FiguresofSpeechandSkills Metaphor themetrostationandbough facesandpetalsAlliteration blackboughSynecdoche facesSkil superposition 意象的叠加 vertical纵向的andjuxtaposition 意象的并置 horizontal横向的叠加的艺术手法不是庞德的发明 而是深受中国的古典诗歌的影响 白居易的 玉容寂寞泪阑干 梨花一枝春带雨 形式 内容和艺术手法极为相似 马戴的 落叶他乡村 寒灯独夜人 辛弃疾的 照影溪梅 怅绝代佳人独立 Themes a thethemeisthepoet ssuddenpleasureoffindingthebeautifulthingsamongthecrowd It sabouttheappraisalofbeatuy b it salsoaboutthemomentaryofbeautymoretopics man sexistenceandman salienationthethreatofdeaththethreatofwar Translation 地铁车站 人群中这些面庞的闪现 湿漉的黑树干上的花瓣 赵毅衡 在地铁车站 这几张脸在人群中幻景般闪现 湿漉漉的黑树枝上花瓣数点 飞白 人群里这些脸忽然闪现 花丛在一条湿黑的树枝 流沙河 人群中 这些面孔的魅影 潮湿的黑树枝上的花瓣 余光中 地铁站上这些面庞从人群中涌现湿漉漉的黑树干上花瓣朵朵 郑敏 李白 长干行 妾发初覆额 折花门前居 郎骑竹马来 绕床弄青梅 同居长干里 两小无嫌猜 十四为君妇 羞颜未尝开 低头向暗壁 千唤不一回 十五始展眉 愿同尘与灰 常存抱柱信 岂上望夫台 十六君远行 瞿塘滟预堆 五月不可触 猿鸣天上哀 门前迟行迹 一一生绿苔 苔深不能扫 落叶秋风早 八月蝴蝶来 双飞西园草 感此伤妾心 坐愁红颜老 早晚下三巴 预将书报家 相迎不道远 直至长风沙 WilliamCarlosWilliams Noideasbutinthings ThePoet sIdeas Williams sideaswerebasicallyhumanistic respectyourselfandothers lovethoseyoucan andtrytomaketheworldabetterplace Hetriedtoliveuptotheseidealsthroughbothhiswritingandhismedicalpractice ThePoet sIdeas Inshapinghisideaofwhatthisnewpoetryshouldbe Williamsemphasizedfourqualities Thefirstwastheuseofcommonplacesubjectsandthemes Thesecondwastheuseofeverydayspeechlanguage ThePoet sIdeas Thethirdattributeforthenewpoetrywasspecificity Fightingagainstwhathecalledaboutness Williamscoinedthephrase Noideasbutinthings thefourthprinciple Thismeantthathispoetrymadeitspointbyfocusingattentiononconcretereality MajorPoems TheRedWheelbarrow1926ThisisJusttoSay1927SpringandAllTheGreatFigure TheRedWheelbarrow somuchdependsuponaredwheelbarrowglazedwithrainwaterbesidethewhitechickens Backgrounds Whilecaringforasickchildatthechild shome Williamswrote TheRedWheelbarrow inlessthanfiveminuteswhileobservingasceneoutofthewindow TheRedWheelbarrow isWilliam sbestimagisticpoem inwhichthepoettriedtoconveyasimpleexperiencethroughsheersimplicityofstatement Thepoemonlycontainssixteensimplewordsineightlines Actuallyit sjustonesentence somuchdependsonaredwheelbarrowglazedwithrainwaterbesidethewhitechickens Yetitappealstotheimaginationandforcesthereadertovisualizeandderiveanaestheticpleasurefromreadingit DiscussionQuestions Somuchdependsonwhat awheelbarrow whitechickens rainwater Whyare wheelbarrow and rainwater cutinto wheelbarrow and rainwater Whatisthefunctionofthelasttwolines SuggestedAnswerstoQuestion1 Somuchdependsuponaredwheelbarrow Thisisthewordsinthepoemsay Awheelbarrowisusedforanumberofimportantfarmchores movingthetoolsfromthebarntothehouseandback transportingfeedtothecowsandchickens carryingseedsforplanting Withoutthewheelbarrow manyfarmingworkcannotbefinished Butwhenyouhaveasecondlookatthepoem youmaynoticethefactthatthepoemiscomposedofonesentencebrokenupatvariousintervals andthenyoumaysay somuchdependsupon eachlineofthepoem SuggestedAnswerstoQuestion