朗文英语听说教程1-答案.doc

朗文英语听说教程（一）QuizUnit1HappinessWhatdidpsychologistswanttofindout?1.a.Whichpeoplearehappyb.Whatmakespeoplehappyc.HowpeopledefinehappinessHowdohappypeoplefeelabouttheirlives?2.a.Theylikeeverything.b.Theywanttochange.c.Theyaresatisfied.Whyarehappypeopleoptimistic?3.a.They havefewproblems. b.They dontworrymuch.c.Theyhavenegativeattitudes.Whatfactorismostimportantforhappiness?4.a.Goodrelationshipsb.Asuccessfulcareerc.Alotofmoney5.Describehowpsychologistslearnedwhatmakespeoplehappy.Psychologistsaskedhundredsofpeoplehowhappytheyare.Thentheyaskedquestionstofindoutabouttheirpersonalities.Theylookedatthedifferencesbetweenhappypeopleandunhappypeople.6.Whatthreepersonalityfactorsdohappypeoplehave?Happypeoplearesatisfiedwiththemselves.Theyarealsooptimisticabouttheirproblems.Inaddition,theyhavegoodrelationshipswiththeirfriendsandfamily.Unit2NewKindsofFood(1:50”)Whatisgeneticallymodifiedfood?1.a.Freshfoodb.Dangerousfoodc.AlteredfoodWhatgeneticallymodifiedfruitdidthespeakermention?2.a.Strawberriesb.Applesc.BananasWhatisabenefitofgeneticallymodifiedfood?3.a.Itneedsfewerpesticides.b.Itgrowsinlessspace.c.Itdominatestheenvironment.Whatisariskofgeneticallymodifiedfood?4.a.Itmaystayfreshlonger.b.Itmaybemoreexpensive.c.Itmaybeharmfultopeople.5.Whatarethreebenefitsofgeneticallymodifiedfood?Geneticallymodifiedfoodneedsfewerpesticides.Geneticallymodifiedfood/plantsgrowbetterthannormal.Inaddition,theystayfreshlongeraftertheyareharvested.6.Whatarethreerisksofgeneticallymodifiedfood?Geneticallymodifiedfood/plantsmaydominateotherplantsintheenvironment.Also,theymighthurtwildanimalsandinsects.Theymightevenhurtthepeoplewhoeatthem.Unit3PublicArt(2:02”)Whatispublicart?1.a.Artinmuseumsb.Artinpeopleshousesc.ArtinpublicplacesWhatsculptureisanexampleofrealisticart?2.a.SpoonbridgeandCherry(spoonandcherry)b.Non-Violence(guninknot)c.Peace(womanonhorse)Whatconceptdotwoofthesculpturesinthelecturesymbolize?3.a.Publicartb.Surrealismc.PeaceWhatisthemainpurposeofpublicart?4.a.Tomakepeoplegotomuseumsb.Tomakeartistsmorepopularc.Tomakepublicplacesmorebeautiful5.Whatispopart?Giveanexample.Popartshowsthingspeopleseeintheireverydaylives.SpoonbridgeandCherry,thesculptureofalargespoonwithacherry,isanexampleofpopart.6.Whatissurrealisticart?Giveanexample.Surrealisticartshowsthingsthatarestrangeorimpossible.Non-Violence,thesculptureofaguntiedinaknot,isanexampleofsurrealisticart.Unit4JourneytoAntarcticaWhendidShackletonandhiscrewmaketheirjourney?1.a.From1912to1914b.From1914to1916c.From1916to1918WheredidShackletonandfivemengoforhelp?2.a.SouthGeorgiaIslandb.ElephantIslandc.ArgentinaWhatfinallyhappenedtoShacklentonandhiscrew?3.a.Everyonedied.b.Somewererescued.c.Everyonewasrescued.WhatfinallyhappenedtotheEndurance?4.a.ItreachedAmerica.b.ItsanknearAntarctica.c.ItreturnedtoLondon.5.WhatwasthegoalofShackletonsJourney?Didhesucceed?ShackletonsgoalwastobethefirstpersontowalkacrossAntarctica.Hedidntsucceed.6.WhatdidShackletonandhiscreweatwhentheywerelivingonice?First,theyatesuppliesfromtheship.Thentheyhuntedanimalsinthearea.Finally,theykilledandatetheirdogs.Unit5ViolenceonTelevision(2:11”)HowmuchTVdoestheaverageAmericanchildwatch?1.a.Threetofourhoursadayb.Threetofourhoursaweekc.ThirtytofortyhoursaweekWhatTVshoeshavethemostviolentacts?2.a.Moviesb.Cartoonsc.ThenewsHowmanyviolentactsdoestheaveragechildseeontelevisionbyagetwelve?3.a.About1,000b.About10,000c.About100,000Whatdidthetwostudiesshow?4.a.TVviolenceislinkedtorealviolence.b.TVviolenceisnotharmfulforchildren.c.TVviolenceisincreasingintheUnitedStates.5.HowdidresearchersstudytheimmediateeffectsofTVviolenceonchildren?TheresearchersshowedchildrenaTVshowofachildhittingandkickingadoll.Thentheyleftthechildrenalonewithadoll.Thechildrenhitandkickedthedoll.ThisstudyshowedthatchildrendowhattheyseeonTV.6.Howdidresearchersstudythelong-termofTVviolenceonchildren?Theresearchersstudiedhowmuchviolenttelevisionsomechildrenwatchedatageeight.Thentheystudiedthesamechildrenatageeighteen.ThechildrenwhowatchedalotofviolenceTVweremoreviolentatageeighteen.Unit6TooOldtoLearn?(2:06”)Whatdoanimalslearnnewskills?1.a.Beforethecriticalperiodb.Duringthecriticalperiodc.AfterthecriticalperiodWhatmustyoungkittenslearntodo?2.a.Seeb.Eatc.MeowWhatmustyoungsongbirdslearntodo?3.a.Seeb.Eatc.SingWhatchangesafterthecriticalperiodinhumans?4.a.Theabilitytohearsoundsb.Theabilitytopronouncesoundsc.Thesizeofthebrain5.Definecriticalperiod.Giveanexample.Thecriticalperiodiswhenananimalorhumancanlearnanewskill.Forexample,inhumansthereisacriticalperiodforlanguagelearning.6.Whatisdifficultforadultlanguagelearners?Why?Adultsfinditdifficulttopronouncesoundscorrectly.Therefore,theymayneverlearntospeakanewlanguagewithanativeaccentUnit 7 Are We Alone? (2:15”)What is the SETI project looking for ? 1. a. Intelligent beings b. Other galaxies c. Rocket ships Why do some scientists think there is intelligent life on other planets ? 2. a. They have received signals from other planets. b. They have seen rockets from other planets. c. They believe other planets could support life. How does the SETI project look for life in other galaxies ? 3. a. By sending out radio signals b. By listening for radio signals c. By sending out rockets Why does the STEI project look for radio signals ? 4. a. Radio signals travel quickly and have a short range. b. Radio signals travel quickly and have a long range. c. Radio signals travel slowly and have a long range. 5. How fast do radio signals travel? How long is needed for a radio signal to travel from the nearest galaxy to earth? Radio signals travel at the speed of light. A radio signal travels about four years from the nearest galaxy to earth. 6. Why doesnt the SETI project use rockets to look for intelligent life?Rocket ships are restricted to traveling in one direction. And they are much slower than radio signals.Unit8DotheRightThing(1:55”)Whatistheprincipleofcommongood?1.a.Dowhatisbestformostpeople.b.Dowhatisbestforeverybody.c.Dowhatisbestforyourself.Whatistheprincipleofindividualrights?2.a.Takecareofotherpeople.b.Dowhatisbestforyourself.c.Makeyourowndecisions.Whosewritingsistheprincipleofindividualrightsbasedon?3.a.Aristotleb.Kantc.BenthamWhatethicalprinciplecanbeusedtojustifylying?4.a.Theprincipleofindividualrightsb.Theprincipleofindividualgoodc.Theprincipleofcommongood5.Explainwhythefriendinthelecturewantedtolietothedyingwoman.Thefriendthoughtspendingalotofmoneyonanexpensivefuneralwasawasteofmoney.Hewantedtogivethemoneytoaschoolforhomelesschildren.6.Useanethicalprincipletoexplainhowthefriendcanjustifylyingtothedyingwoman.Followingtheprincipleofcommongood,thefriendwillhelpmorepeopleifhegivesthemoneytotheschoolforhomelesschildren.Theonlypersonhemighthurtisthedyingwoman.Unit 9 A Good Nights SleepHow does the National Sleep Center learn about sleep ? 1. a. From watching people sleep b. From surveys about sleep habits c. From books about sleep habits What is a cause of sleep deprivation ? 2. a. Our modern lifestyle b. Feeling tired c. Health problems What is an effect of sleep deprivation ? 3. a. Car accidents b. Watching TV c. Family problems What percentage of Americans feel sleepy when driving ? 4. a. Seventeen b. Twenty c. Fifty 5. How has technology affected our sleep habits? A hundred years ago, people didnt stay up late because there was not much to do. However, today we can stay up late working, watching TV, or using the Internet. 6. How does feeling sleepy affect people at work? When people are sleepy at work, they dont think clearly and can make mistakes. These mistakes can cost a lot of money or cause accidents.Unit 10 Negotiating for Success What is one technique for successful negotiation ? 1. a. Solving the problem b. Talking about feelings c. Using “I” statementsWhy should you use I statements in a negotiation ? 2. a. To explain your opinion b. To solve the problem c. To avoid blaming others What often happens if you blame someone in a negotiation ? 3. a. The person stops communicating. b. The person accepts the blame. c. The person solves the problem. What usually causes problems in a negotiation ? 4. a. The issue in the negotiation b.Peoples feelings about the negotiationc. The people in the negotiation 5. Explain the example of conflict in the lecture. Who has a conflict? What is it about? Two co-workers have a conflict. They are working on a project together. One person isnt finishing his work on time. 6. Give an example of a statement blaming another person. Then rewrite the statement using an “I” statement.A statement blaming another person is “You arent doing your work, Joe.” An “I” statement is “Im worried because the work isnt done.” Unit11RiskingItWhatactivityhasahighperceivedrisk?1.a.Flyinginanairplaneb.Drivingacarc.RidingabicycleWhatisanexampleofariskyoucancontrol?2.a.Beinginanearthquakeb.Drivingacarc.FlyinginanairplaneWhatisanexampleofanaturalrisk?3.a.Goingoutinthesunb.Livingnearanuclearpowerplantc.FlyinginanairplaneWhatisanexampleofaneverydayrisk?4.a.Beinginanearthquakeb.Flyinginanairplanec.Walkingdownstairs5.Explainthedifferencebetweenactualandperceivedrisk.Giveanexample.Anactualriskistherealriskofbeinghurtorkilled.Aperceivedriskistheriskpeoplefeel.Forexample,somepeoplefeelthatflyingismoredangerousthandriving.However,morepeoplearekilledincaraccidentsthaninairplaneacciden