初三英语过电影材料(新).doc

2015 初三英语过电影材料一. 名词1 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。名词复数的构成：1) 规则变化a) 直接加-s: books /s/, girls /z/, zoos /z/, Walkmansb) 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的加-es,读/iz/: buses, foxes, watches, dishes, brushes 特别注意： months, mouths，stomachsc) 以 f, fe结尾的，变为-ves, 读/vz/: life-lives, wife-wives, shelf-shelves, self-selves, leaf-leaves, wolf-wolves, loaf-loaves, half-halves knife-knives, thief-thieves, d) 以辅音字母加y 结尾，去y加-ies, 读/iz/: factoryfactories, storystories family-families, party-parties,特别注意：元音字母加y结尾的直接加s: boys, toys, monkeys, keys, guyse) 少数以o结尾的加-es: potatoes, tomatoes, mangoes, heroes 2）不规则变化 a) foot-feet,tooth-teeth, child-children, mouse-mice, man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen，spaceman-spacemen, Frenchman-Frenchmen, salesman-salesmen特别注意：German-Germans, human-humansb) 单数复数形式相同的：fish-fish, deer-deer, sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese特别注意：(1) 以s 结尾, 并不表示复数: Maths, physics, news (2) 有些物品由两部分组成，没有单数形式：glasses, jeans, trousers, shoes, trainers, shorts，通常用a pair of 来修饰, 表示数量。 My trousers are too old. I want to buy a new pair. This pair of glasses is nice. How much are they?eg. ( ) Of all the visitors, two of them are _. A. American B. Japanese C. German D. Australian （答案B）( )- Yao Ming is very popular among teenagers.- Yes. Many middle school students are his _.A. heroes B. stars C. fans D. brothers (2011 山东泰安 32 )2. 不可数名词只有单数形式。 a) 物质名词：water, juice, tea, milk, air, bread, meat, pork, beef, paper, wood, metal, glass（玻璃）, wool, leather, fur 可用单位词表数量，如：a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of milk, a loaf of bread, a cup of tea b) 抽象名词：stationery, advice, information, news, fun, weather, music,danger, knowledge也可借助单位词表一定的数量，如：a piece of adviceeg. ( ) - Mr Smith always has _ to tell us. - So he does. A. some good pieces of news B. some pieces of good news C. some good piece of news D. some piece of good news (2011 贵州安顺 18)3. 集体名词：family, class, group, audience, government a) 被看作一个整体时，具有单数概念。 His family is well-known in this town. b) 被看作若干个体时，具有复数概念。 His family were watching TV when I came in. 特别注意：people, police 只表示复数。 The police have found out who did it. 表示国民总称时,也表复数： the English，the French，the Chinese 表示某一类的人，用作复数：the old, the young, the poor4复合名词的复数形式： a) 将中心词变为复数：apple trees苹果树 boy students男生 shoe shops 鞋店 b) 由man或woman构成的复合词，两个部分都变为复数。 a man doctor - men doctors男医生 a woman teacher - women teachers 女教师特别注意：数词+名词作定语，加连字符，名词用单数: have two-day off 休息两天 an elevenyearold boy一个11岁男孩 （ ）Can you imagine what life will be like in _ time?(2011安顺) A. 50 years B. 50 years C. 50-years D. 50-years5. 专有名词：人名，地名，事物特有的名称。 a) 人名：Li Ping李平, Wang Xiaohua王小华, Jack Brown布朗杰克 b) 地名: Beijing北京, New York纽约, Wangfujing王府井, Tiananmen天安门, Asia亚洲, Europe欧洲, Ninth Street第九街. 特别注意：某些由普通名词组成的专有名词要用the:the Great Wall长城, the United States美国, the Changjiang River长江, the Yellow River黄河, the West Lake西湖 c) 时间名：月份：January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December 周日名：Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday 季节名（小写）：spring, summer, autumn, winter 节日名：the Spring Festival春节 Christmas Day圣诞节the Mid-autumn Festival中秋节 New Years Day元旦6. 名词所有格 1) 由名词末尾加s构成，用来表示有生命的东西。 a) 直接加s: Childrens Day 儿童节 Womens Day妇女节Mothers Day 母亲节mens clothes 男装 b) 以-s,-es结尾的复数名词直接加“”: Teachers Day教师节the students TV room 学生电视室 c) 表示几人共有，在最后一词末加s: Tom and Jacks room.汤姆和杰克(共有)的房间someone elses help 别人的帮助表示各自所有，名词分别加s. Johns and Helens clothes.约翰和海伦(各自)的衣服d) 表示时间的所有关系: todays newspaper 今天的报纸twenty minutes walk 20分钟的步行路程e) 表示家宅、店铺等, 省去后面的名词：at the doctors在诊所to my uncles 去我叔叔家 2）由介词of加名词构成，表示无生命的东西：the door of the classroom教室的门the capital of France法国的首都a map of China 一张中国地图特别注意：a photo of me 一张我本人的照片 a photo of mine一张属于我的照片a friend of mine 我的一个朋友有时s与of 属格可互换： with the teachers help = with the help of the teacher二、数词 （一）.基数词: 1 .最基本的数词：1 one ; 2 two; 3 three; 4 four; 5 five; 6 six; 7 seven ; 8 eight; 9 nine; 10 ten;11 eleven; 12 twelve; 13 thirteen; 14 fourteen; 15 fifteen; 16 sixteen; 17 seventeen; 18 eighteen; 19 nineteen; 20 twenty; 30 thirty; 40 forty; 50 fifty; 60 sixty; 70 seventy; 80 eighty; 90 ninety; 100 a hundred;1,000 a thousand; 1,000,000 a million; 1,000,000,000 a billion注意: a.超过20 的非整数的构成（中间要加连字符“-”）21 twenty-one; 99 ninety-nineb.三位以上的基数词，在百位和十位之间一般要用连词 and 1,342 one thousand three hundred and forty-twoc. hundred, thousand, million, billion这些词前面如有表示具体数字的词，它们不能加“s”；反之则须加“s”,与“of”连用 three hundred people 三百个人 hundreds of people 成百的人注意: three hundred of the students 这些学生中的300个2基数词的用法：（1）从句子成分上分析，基数词在句中可用作主语，宾语，表语等。 eg. Four of them went to the factory. (主语 ) I want two. ( 宾语 ) My classmate is eighteen. ( 表语 ) （2）用基数词表示编号。 Today we are going to study Unit Five. He lives in Room 801.(3) 表示“年，月，日”时年份用基数词，日期用序数词，其顺序由小到大。 The accident took place on July, 1st,2009.(4) 表示“几点钟，几点过几分”用基数词。 Its two oclock.(5) 表示加减乘除用基数词。One plus two is three. 1加2等于3.Five times six is thirty. 5乘以6等于30.（6）表示百分数用基数词。Thirty percent of them is water. 它们当中有30%的水。(7) 表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；如果分子大于1，表示分母的序数词要用复数形式。 Two-fifths of the books are mine. 五分之二的书是我的。(8) 两组与数词有关的介词短语：ain+定冠词 the + 数词的复数形式，表示年代。 In the 1870s 在19世纪70年代bin + 物主代词+ 数词的复数形式，表示某人的年龄。 In ones thirties 在某人30多岁的时候（9）数词前加 every ，表达“每一段时间或每隔一段-” 每10天： every ten days ; 每4周： every four weeks eg. ( ) About _ of the workers in the factory were born in the _. (10，无锡 ) A. two thirds, 1970s B. two thirds, 1970 C. two third, 1970 D. two third, 1970s （答案A ） (二) 序数词1.序数词的构成：（1）序数词多数是由“基数词+th”构成的。 four- fourth six- sixth seven- seventh （2）少数序数词的构成属于特殊情况，须特别记忆。如： one-first; two- second; three- third; five- fifth; eight- eighth; nine- ninth twelve- twelfth (3) 以 y 结尾的整十基数词变序数词，要变y为i，再加“-eth”：thirty- thirtieth fifty- fiftieth（4）20以上的非整十基数词变序数词，要将末尾数改成序数词，其它位数仍用基数词。 thirty- one thirty-first; one hundred and sixty-threeone hundred and sixty-third2. 序数词的用法 序数词主要用作定语、表语，前面要加定冠词the。 The fifth lesson is very easy to learn. You are the first one I believe. 你是我最相信的人。 The third man on the left is my brother.eg. ( ) - David, how old is your father this year? - _ .And we just had a special party for his _birthday last weekend. A. Fortieth, forty B. Forty, forty C. Forty, fortieth D. Fortieth , fortieth (2011 贵州安顺21 ) ( ) More than nine _ students are doing sports now. A. hundreds B. hundred of C. hundred D. hundreds of(2011江津)( ) September is _ month of the year. (2011雅安) A. ninth B. nine C. the nine D. the ninth三、冠词1不定冠词的用法不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是一个的意思。a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音素前，表示一个，意为one；指某人或某物. a useful dictionary, an unusual gift , a one-eyed dog, an honest boy, an hour, an island an “a/e/f/h/i/l/n/m/o/r/s/x” ; a “u”2. 定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有那（这）个的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。1）特指双方都明白的人或物： The girl in a red dress is an American. 2）上文提到过的人或事： He bought a house.Ive been to the house.3）指世上独一物二的事物：the sun， the sky， the moon， the earth 注意: What a bright moon! 多么明亮的一轮明月!4) 表示一类人,看作复数：the rich the blind, the sick ，the disabled， the homeless5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及same等前面：I live on the second floor.My computer is the same as hers.6）用在表示乐器的名词之前： play the piano. play the violin7) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人 the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)3. 不用冠词的场合1）在季节、月份、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；2）在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词 如: have breakfast，play chess , play basketball, play football, play volleyball, play badminton 3）当by 与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；by bus，by train；特别注意：1. The number of the students is 56. /A number of students are going to plant trees this Sunday.2. The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 3. He is the taller of the two.eg. ( ) 1. In the United States, Fathers Day falls on _ third Sunday in _June. A. the , / B. the , a C. / , the D. a , / (09, 徐州 ) （答案 A ） ( ) 2. - I kocked over my tea cup. It went right over _ keyboard. - You shouldnt put drinks near _ computer. A. the, / B. the, a C. a, / D.a, a ( 07，苏州 ) （答案 B ） ( )3.I hope we can fly to _ moon one day.A. a B. an C. the D. / (09临沂中考) 答案：选C( )4 What do you want to be in the future, Nick?1 want to be _ pilot. It is_ exciting job.A. a; a B. a; an C. the; an D, a; the【08河南省】 答案：B。 ( )5.There is_big supermarket in_center of our city.A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the 【11黑龙江绥化市】答案：A( )6. John can play _ guitar, but he cant play _ chess. A. the;/ B./;the C. the; the 【11凉山】 答案：A ( )7. lily is coming by_ plane tomorrow.Let s go to _ airport to meet her.A. a; a B. /; a C. the; the D. /; the【11广西贺州】答案：D ( )8. -How was _ dinner at Mikes house? -It was great. Mikes mum is _ wonderful cook. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; an【11山东滨州】答案：B ( )9. -Do you know _ man in blue? -Yes, hes a professor of_ university. A. the, a B. a, an C. the, an D. / , the 【11 山东烟台】答案：A ( ) 10.As we know, England is_European country and Singapore is_Asian country.A. an; an B. an; a C .a; a D. a; an【11湖北黄冈】答案：D( )11.We will see _ even stronger China in _ near future. A. a; the B. an; the C. the; a D. an; a 【 11无锡】答案：B( )12. I like music, but I dont like _ music of this film. A. a B. an C. the D.不填 【11山东济宁】答案：C( )13. By the end of this year, Chinas state and provincial (省的) libraries will be free to the public. Thats _ good news for those who often go to these places. A. aB. theC. 不填 【11四川乐山】答案：C( )14. Beijing, _ capital of China, has _ long history.A. a; a B. the; 不填 C. the; a D. 不填；the【11江苏徐州】答案C( )15. On April 12, 1961，_27yearold Yuri Gagarin(尤里.加加林)became the first human to go into_ space. 【2011山东菏泽】答案CA. the;不填 B. the; theC. a;不填 D. a; the ( )16. How about talent show? I should say it was great success. A. / ; the B. a ; the C. the; a D. the; /【2010湖北咸宁】答案：C ( )17. Wed better get ready for the dinner now because _ Greens are coming to visit us tonight. A. a B. an C. the D. /【2010江苏镇江】答案：C( )18We can have_ bluer sky if we create_ less polluted worldAa；a Ba；the Cthe；a Dthe；the【江苏苏州】答案：A( )19Auatar（阿凡达）is such _ wonderful science fiction movie that I want to see it _ second time【潍坊】Aa, a Ba, the C, the D, a 答案：A 四、形容词和副词形容词、副词比较级、最高级的构成：双写：wet wetter wettest hothotterhottest thin thinner hottest sadsaddersaddest red-redder-reddest slim-slimmer-slimmest fat-fatter-fattest big- bigger-biggest去y加ier/iest:heavy heavier heaviest, angry angrier angriest, easy easier easiest不规则变化： many/ much more most little less least ill/ bad/badly worse worst good/well better best far farther / further farthest / furthest 比较结构：一）、两者比较用比较级。关键词：than, even, much, a little1. This coat is much more expensive than that one.这件外套比那件贵得多。2. The weather here is even colder than that of Beijing.这里的天气甚至比北京还要冷。二）、三者或以上比较用最高级。关键词：of the three, in the world. 注意：形容词最高级前要加the. 1. Jay Chou is one of the most popular singers in China.2. Jack jumps (the) highest of the boys.特殊句子： Shanghai is bigger than any other city in our country.Shanghai is bigger than any city in Jiangsu Province.三）、原级比较。(as + 原级 + as .) He is as tall as I. I run as fast as Lucy.(not as . as . = not so . as .) He doesnt work as hard as I. = He doesnt work so hard as I.=I work harder than he.四）、like, the same as, be different from1. A is like B; A looks like B. 2. A is the same as B. 3. A is different from B.名词形容词China Chinese , Japan Japanese America American Asia Asian Australia Australian Russia Russian India Indian France French Africa- African Canada- Canadian eg.( ) 1. - How are you today, Bob? - Im even _now. I dont think the medicine is good for me. A. better B. worse C. happier D. unluckier ( 08，南通 ) ( ) 2. Of the two T-shirts, Id choose the _one to save some money for a book. A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive (09，苏州) ( ) 3. When an earthquake happens, and you are outdoors, you should keep calm and go to an open area as _ as possible. (08，盐城 ) A. slowly B. quietly C. widely D. quickly( ) 4. - Mark speaks English well, but you _ him. - Thank you. (09，常州 ) A. speak as badly as B. speak worse than C. dont speak so badly as D. speak much better than( )5. How smart Mary is! Of all the students in her class, she usually spends the _ time and makes the _ mistakes in her homework. A. least; fewestB. least; leastC. fewest; least D. most; fewest( ) 6. Im much _ than my two friends, but I jump _ of us three. (09，南通)A. taller; higherB. shorter; higher C. taller; highestD. shorter; highest (Keys: BBDDAD)五、代词A人称代词、物主代词、反身代词数单 数复 数人 称第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称主 格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾 格meyouhimheritusyouthem形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs反身代词myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves主格在句中充当主语。宾格在句中充当动词或介词的宾语。形容词性物主代词后面应接名词，而名词性物主代词本身相当于一个形容词性物主代词加一个名词，后面不可再接名词，如：an old friend of mine。当宾语和主语所指为同一对象时，宾语一般用反身代词。此外，反身代词常用在一些短语中：（help oneself, teach oneself, enjoy oneself, say to oneself, by oneself）中考链接( ) 1. -Do the interesting story-books belong to _?-No, they are the _. (2010南通) 答案:BA. yours, twins B. you, twins C. you, twins D. yours, twins( ) 2. -I like red best. What about _?-My favourite colour is orange. It represents joy. (2010连云港)A. you B. her C. him D. it 答案:A( )3. Kate and I are going to the concert this weekend. Dad will take _ there.A. it B. youC. usD.them (答案:A 2011丽水)( )4-How did your uncle learn to play the guitar? - By _. (2011台州)Amyself Byourself Cherself DhimselfB指示代词：this, that, these, those, such, so, same, it(指人)a) 在电话用语中：This is Jack speaking. Who is that? b) 介绍某人或某物时：This is my new friend Jack. c) 在比较状语从句中，用that代指上文中的单数或不可数名词，those代指上文中的复数名词。The weather of Beijing is drier than that of Nanjing. The students of our school work much harder than those of that school.( )1.-The cars made in Germany are more expensive than _ made in Japan. -Yes, you are right. But theyre much better. A. ones B. that C. those (答案: C 2010.绥化)d) such可修饰不可数名词、复数名词：such nice weather, such beautiful flowers；修饰单数名词可与so 互换：such a clever boy=so clever a boy“manymuchlittlefew”表“多多少少”，前用so。so many/ few apples如此多/少的苹果 / so much/ little milk 如此多/少的牛奶( )1We arrived_late that there were no seats left(2009苏州) Amuch Btoo Cso Dvery (答案: C) e) so常作宾语：I think so./ I am afraid so. 有时置于句首，谈及不同对象，句式倒装：If you go there, so will I. 否定结构为：I havent been to Beijing before, neither has he.谈及同一对象，加以肯定“的确如此”，句式不倒装：A: Nantong is a beautiful city. B: So it is. I like it too. f) Thank you all the same.照样谢谢你。Its the same to me. 对我都一样。the same as 与相同。 g) it 代指不明身份的人：Someone is knocking at the door. Go and see who it is.中考链接( ) Can I use your e-dictionary? (2011盐城)- Sorry. I dont have _.A. it B. this C. that D. one( ) Im expecting a digital camera for long, but Dad has no time to buy _ for me.A. it B. one C. this D. that (2011 舟山)C、不定代词一）不定代词有 all , both, every, each, either, neither, more, little, few, much, many, another, other, some, any , one, no 以及something, anything, everything, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nothing , nobody, no one, none, everybody, everyone等。( )1.-I dont like _ of the sweaters. Please show me a third one.A. both B. either C. one D. all (2011黑龙江大庆13)( )2. I am hungry, is there any bread in the fridge? - _, but we have cakes. Would you like to have one?A.Some B. Much C. None D.Nothing (2011安徽34)( )3.-Which do you prefer, tea or coffee? - I dont care. _ is fine.A. Either B. Neither C. Both D.All (20