重医七年制儿科学双语试卷-B卷.doc

Type : Single choice ( 1 point for each, total 40 points).1What is the most possible diagnosis for visible jaundice（黄疸）appearing within 24 hours postnatal? Aneonatal pneumonia Bneonatal hemolytic diseaseCneonatal sepsis Dcongenital biliary atresia（胆道闭锁）Ebreast milk jaundice2What are the most common pathogens of neonatal sepsis（败血症）in current China? Agroup B streptococcus (B群链球菌)，staphylococcus epidermidis (表皮葡萄球菌)Bstaphylococcus (葡萄球菌)，colon bacillus (大肠杆菌)Cstaphylococcus epidermidis (表皮葡萄球菌)，Klebsiella pneumonia (克雷伯杆菌) DPseudomonas aeruginosa (绿脓杆菌)，Acinetobacter (不动杆菌)EBacteroides fragilis (脆弱类杆菌)，Clostridium agni (产气莢膜杆菌)3What is the fundamental element in pathogenesis of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE)? Ahemodynamic change of brain（脑血流改变） Bhypoxia（缺氧）Cinjuries caused by oxygen free radical（氧自由基损伤） Ddysfunction of calcium channel（钙通道功能异常）Etoxicity of excitory neurotransmitters（兴奋性氨基酸中毒）4What kind of antibiotics should be used to treat Mycoplasma pneumonia （支原体肺炎）? APenicillin; BClindamycin（克林霉素）; CVancomycin（万古霉素）; DMacrolides（大环内酯类）; ECephalosporin（头孢菌素类）5What is the most common pathogen of bronchiolitis (毛细支气管炎)? AMycoplasma pneumoniae（肺炎支原体）;BStaphycoccal aureus（金黄色葡萄球菌）; CRSV（呼吸道合胞病毒）; DAdenovirus（腺病毒）; EParainfluenza（副流感病毒）6What kind of pneumonia is prone to be complicated empyema（脓胸）? AMycoplasma pneumonia（肺炎支原体）; BStaphycoccal aureus pneumonia（金黄色葡萄球菌）; CBronchiolitis; DAdenovirus pneumonia; EChlamydial pneumonia（肺炎衣原体）.7The most common bacteria result in bronchopneumonia is: AMycoplasma pneumoniae（肺炎支原体）; BStaphycoccal aurus （金黄色葡萄球菌）; CHaemphilus influenzae （流感嗜血杆菌）; DChlamydial （衣原体）; EStreptococcus pneumoniae (肺炎链球菌)8Atypical Pneumonia should be diagnosed by: ABlood gas analysis BComplete blood cell CChest X-rayDBlood culture ESputum test.9Point out the most reliable duration of antibiotic therapy from following choices to treat bacterial meningitis effectively for a patient suffering from bacterial meningitis without a definite pathogen： A1 week； B1014 days； C23 weeks；D34 weeks； E46 weeks.10Status epilepticus（惊厥持续状态）is defined as a seizure or repeated seizures without a return to normal in between them that lasts more than： A30 minutes B20minutes C15minutesD10minutes E5minutes11The most common cause of acute convulsion in childhood is： ACNS infection: Meningitis（脑膜炎）or encephalitis（脑炎）BFebrile convulsions（热性惊厥） CHead traumaDCNS malformations（畸形） EBrain tumors12Which one is the first choice for seizure control： AIntravenously administered of diazepam（安定）BRectal administered of Phenobarbital（苯巴比妥）CMuscle administered of diazepamDIntravenously administered of PhenobarbitalEMuscle administered of Phenobarbital13The normal pattern of hemoglobin in children beyond 2 years old is： AHbA 30%, HbF 60-70%, HbA2 2-3% BHbA 97%, HbF 1%, HbA2 2%CHbA 5-10%, HbF 90%, HbA2 0.5%DHbA 95%, HbF 1%, HbA2 5%EHbA 30%, HbF 60%, HbA2 10%14The most common and important cause for childhood IDA （缺铁性贫血）is: APoor iron stores BOverdevelop CPoor dietary iron intakeDIron loss DChronic bleeding15About iron therapy, which one of the following is right: AInfusion iron is the first choice when IDA occurs. BOral ferrous salts（亚铁盐）is the best choice for most patients. COral iron should be taken right after the meals. DAdministrating iron with milk together favors the absorption of iron. EIron therapy should be stopped when the hemoglobin is above the normal value.16Evidence of a recent streptococci（链球菌） infection is: ASR BC3 CBUNDAlb EASO17The most common congenital heart disease in children is: AASD BVSD CPDA DTOF EPS（肺动脉狭窄）18When is the optimal time for treatment of growth hormone deficiency（生长激素缺乏症）? Aas early as possible B4-5 years C5-6 yearsD7-8 years Epuberty19What is the worst prognosis（预后） for congenital hypothyroidism, if the patient doesnt treat early? Alow metabolism Bmental retardation（智力低下） Cgrowth retardation（生长迟滞） Dunusual body features（异常体态）Edelaying in development（发育延迟）20In terms of prevalence, primary immunodeficiencies（原发性免疫缺陷症） which may present insufficient antibody production accounts for _ of the total. A80% B60% C50% D30% E10%21The embryonic period（胚胎期）ends and the fetal period begins at gestational age: A5 weeks B9weeks C12weeks D16weeks E20weeks22The age of peak of height velocity (PHV) for most children is： A9-11 years old for boys, 8-10 years old for girls B11-13 years old for boys, 11-13 years old for girlsC11-13 years old for boys, 9-11 years old for girls D14-16 years old for boys, 12-14 years old for girls E9-11 years old for boys, 11-13 years old for girls23The number of primary teeth（乳牙）that generally erupt（萌出） in children by 3 years of age is: A4 B8 C12 D16 E2024Which of the following is not an expected finding in an 8-month-old? APalm grasp BShy with strangersCSit without support DBabbling “mama”EIndicates wants25Transferring object for hand to hand is an expected finding at what age? A3 months B5 months C7 monthsD9 months E11 months26. Which of the following is not an expected milestone during two to four months of age? APosterior fontanel（后囟）closesBTransfers objects from one hand to the otherCDecrease in head lag when pulled to sitDFollows objects 180 degreesESmiles to others responsively27Based on an infants caloric requirements, how many calories per day does a 8-month-old who weights 10 kg require? A950kcal B1200kcal C1100kcalD800kcal E850kcal28A 10-week-old child weight 5kg is being fed commercial infant formula（市售婴儿配方奶）. The mother is concerned she is underfeeding her baby. You tell her that, to satisfy both his fluid and caloric requirements, the daily intake ought to be at least: (formulas contain 500cal/100g) A450ml B550ml C650ml D750ml E850ml29The typical changes of Cerebrospinal Fluid（脑脊液） in children with TBM （结核性脑膜炎）include(s): ACells: 50-500cells/mm3, Mononuclear cell predominance. Glucose and Chloridate low, high protein level normal;BCells:50-500cells/mm3, Mononuclear cell predominance. Glucose and Chloridate low; high protein level with 1-3g/L;CCells: 50-500cells/mm3, Mononuclear cell predominance. Glucose and Chloridate low, high protein normal;DCells: 20-200cells/mm3, Mononuclear cell predominance. Glucose and Chloridate low, high protein level with 1-3g/L;ECells: 5000-10000cells/mm3, Mononuclear cell predominance. Glucose and Chloridate low, high protein level with 1-3g/L.30The course of persisting diarrhea in children is: Awithin 1 week B1-2 weeks C2-4 weeksDmore than 2 weeks but less than 2 months Emore than 2 months31Which one is correct for hypertonic dehydration（高渗性脱水）? ASerum sodium110 mmol/L BSerum sodium120 mmol/LCSerum sodium130 mmol/L DSerum sodium140 mmol/LESerum sodium150 mmol/L32With regard to the volume of water loss in body weight, which one is CORRECT in children with modrate of dehydration? A1040ml/kg B50ml/kg C6080 ml/kgD50100ml/kg. E100120ml/kg.33Which of the following is the fundamental pathological change of measles? AAschoff body. Bmultinucleated giant cell（多核巨细胞）CNissls body Dgranuloma Ecytomegalic inclusion（巨细胞包涵体）34Which of the following statement about mumps（腮腺炎） is false: Aparotid（腮腺）gets swelling bilaterally in 70% of casesBthe swollen parotid is red, painful, swollen and tender Cit is a infection disease of respiratory tract. Dthe infection sources are patients and persons with inapparent infection（隐匿性感染） Esubmaxillary salivary（颌下腺）gland can be involved without parotid swelling 35For the following measures to prevent rabies（狂犬病）after bitten by a wild dog, which one is wrong? Acatch and kill the wild dogBsuture and wrap the wound immediately Cadministration of Human Rabies Immunoglobulin Dadministration of rabies vaccineEwashing wound with a 20% soap solution thoroughly 36All the following statements are true about toxic Bacillary Dysentery（细菌性痢疾）except: Athe age of peak incidence is 27 years oldBits pathogen is different from other types of Bacillary DysenteryCthe season of peak incidence is in summer Dit onsets abruptly and progresses rapidly Ethere maybe no diarrhea when septic shock occurs37The main pathogenesis of toxic bacillary dysentery is: Asever dehydration Bmicrocirculation disturbance（微循环障碍）Cdisturbance of acid-base balance Delectrolyte disturbancesEheart failure38The key step to septic shock is: ACorticosteroids（皮质激素） BVasoactive agents（血管活性剂）CInitial fluid resuscitation DCardiants（强心剂）EHeparin 39Which of the following about infantile hepatitis syndrome is wrong? ACMV is the main pathogen Bfat-soluble avitaminosis（维生素缺乏症） can be occurredChereditary and genetic metabolic disorders are the most common causes of infantile hepatitis syndromeDbiliary atresia（胆道闭锁）is common cause of infantile hepatitis syndromeEthe main route infants get HBV infection is mother-to-child transmission. 40With regard to the assessment of the severity of dehydration in children, which one is not the important evidence? Aurinary output（尿量） Bserum sodium Cfontanel（前囟）Dskin pinch（皮肤弹性） Eperipheral circulationType : True or false ( 1 point for each, total 10 points). 1The characteristics of neonatal bilirubin（胆红素） metabolism are over-production of bilirubin, insufficient transportation of bilirubin, immaturity of liver function, and enhanced enterohepatic circulation. （ ）2The most basic pathophysiology of bronchopneumonia is hypercapnia（高碳酸血症）. （ ）3Lumbar puncture（腰穿）should be performed in every child suspected with bacterial meningitis（脑膜炎）. （ ）4Iron deficiency（缺铁）results in decreased synthesis of RBC and Hb, which lead to the equal decreased RBC and Hb, microcytic/hypochromic anemia.（小细胞低色素贫血） （ ）5If a APSGN patient get hypertention, higher than 150/120 mmHg, we can diagnosis Hypertensive encephalopathy(高血压脑病). ( )6On physical assessment, the Weight for age and length for age represent growth level. ( )7Solid food should be introduced between 2 and 3 months. ( )8The host factor related to Toxic Bacillary Dysentery（中毒性菌痢）is hypoimmunity（免疫低下）. ( )9Pathogenesis of rabies is not related to viremia（病毒血症）. ( )10The rash of Hand-foot-mouth disease (手足口病) mainly appears on the trunk. ( )Type : Fill in blanks ( 0.5 point for each, total 10 points). 1The pathophysiology of bronchopneumonia including _，_和 _。2The Principles of antibiotic therapy for bacterial meningitis（细菌性脑膜炎） including: _、_、_、_、with enough dosage、and with enough course of antibiotic therapy.3Complications（并发症）of CHD（先心病） of left to right shunt（分流）are _、_、_和infectiousl endocarditis（感染性心内膜炎）。4 The period for infant is _。5 Macronutrients include _ , _ ,and 。6The diarrheal mechanism caused by rotavirus（轮状病毒） is _.7Infantile hepatitis syndrome is a group of symptom complex which includes _，_和_occurred in _.8To confirm the diagnosis of mumps pancreatitis（腮腺炎并发胰腺炎）, _ should be examined.Type : Questions and answers ( 23 points).1Please describe the features of neonatal physiological jaundice（生理性黄疸） and pathological jaundice（病理性黄疸）.（6 points）2What is differential cyanosis（差异性青紫）? （ 4points ）3With growth, complementary foods should be introduced to meet nutritional needs of infant. Please give the principles of introducing complementary foods and simple rationales. (8 point)4Please discrible the clinical menifestations of stage 2 of tuberclous meningitis （结核性脑膜炎） (5 points). Type : Case discussion ( 17 points)1Boy with 8mo, gradual pale for 2 moths. No bleeding noted. G3P2，big one of the twin, born at 30 weeks, birth weight 1.8kg. breast feeding after birth, no other food added. PE: T370C，P120次/分，R40次/分，W7.0kg; look pale. No jaundice, liver: 3cm below the costal margin ，spleen:0.5cm below costal margin。 Blood cell counts: RBC4.60x1012/l，Hb60g/L，MCV34.3fl，MCH13.0pg，MCHC240pg/L WBC5.42X109/l，L0.83，N0.17，PLT347x109/L，Rc0.012。Questions: (6 points)(1) The first diagnosis consideration（第一诊断是）is: _. (1 points)Its based on (诊断是基于以下因素)：_, _ , _, _ , _。(2.5 points)(2) Further investigation（进一步需要的实验室检查）: _, _, _, _, _。(1 points)(3) Treatment management（主要治疗）: _, _. (1 points)Education（宣教）: _. (0.5 points)22 and a half years old boy, got edema for 10 days, and fever for 2 days, cough for 1