2014年新版牛津译林版5A-1-4单元语法知识点归纳卷

Unit11.There be句型表示“某处有某物”，be动词用is还是用are遵循下面的原则：be动词后面 如果跟的是单数名词或不可数名词，就用is; There is a pencil case in the school bag. There is some soup/milk /tea/coffee/juice/water/chocolate. be动词后面如果跟的是可数名词的复数，就用are. There are some desks in the classroom. X k B 1 . c o mbe动词后面如果跟的是不止一种物品，就根据离它最近的物品选用is或are.(就近原则)There are some pictures and a telephone.There is a telephone and some pictures.2.There be 句型的否定形式：在be动词的后面加not（is not可以缩写为isnt，are not可以缩写为 arent）把some 改成any。例：There is a pencil in the pencil-box.（改为否定句）There isnt a pencil in the pencil-box.There are some crayons on the desk.（改为否定句）There arent any crayons on the desk.X k B 1 . c o m3.“some”和“any”都有“一些”的意思.“some”一般用于肯定句，“any”用于否定句和一般疑问句。但在一些表示委婉请求，想得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中，也用“some”.例：1.There are some watermelons in the basket.(肯定句)2.There arent any birds in the tree.(否定句)3.Are there any toy trains on the table?(疑问句)4.Would you like some tea?(表委婉请求)4.can在否定句中的用法：表示某人不能做某事时，通常在can后面加否定词not,注意not一般与can连写，也可缩写成cant.后面加动词原形。 Bobby cannot(cant) see any cakes in the fridge. 新 课 标 第 一 网Unit21. There be句型的一般疑问句：将be动词提前到there 之前,首字母大写，句末用问号即可。其肯定答语为“Yes,there is/are.”;否定答语为“No,there isnt/arent.”。在疑问句中，要将some改为any。新-课 标-第- 一-网1）There is a house near the park. (改为一般疑问句，并肯定回答)Is there a house near the park? Yes , there is.2）There are some desks and chairs in the classroom.(改为一般疑问句，并否定回答)Are there any desks and chairs in the classroom？No , there arent.2.特殊疑问句及答语 (1)提问主语为可数名词的数量时，用“how many”,句型结构为：How many +复数名词+are there+其他？（无论主语是单数还是复数） There is a football under the desk.(对划线部分提问) X k B 1 . c o m How many footballs are there under the desk?“How many+可数名词复数+are there?”本句型为there be句型的特殊疑问 句形式，表示“在某处某物的数量有多少？”。回答时不用Yes/No,要给出具体的回答。How many days are there in a month? There are thirty. （2）提问句子的主语（包括主语前的修饰语）时，句型一律用“What is+地点介词短语？”（无论主语是单数还是复数都用is）例：There are some bananas on the tree.Whats on the tree?3.序数词：表示先后顺序或等级的词。first(第一)，second(第二)，third(第三)，序数词用在句中时，要在其前面加上定冠词the.4. on thefloor意为“在几楼”用介词“on” w W w .X k b 1.c O m5It is time for+名词= It is time to+动词；是该做某事的时候了。 It is time for lunch.= It is time to have lunch.6. 宾格 :动词和介词后面用人称代词的宾格。I me, you-you , he him, she her， they- themfollow me/him/her listen to me/him/her help me/him/her find him/herUnit31.have / has 用法：have 可用于第三人称单数之外的所有人称之后，has 只能用于第三人称单数之后。have / has 的肯定句结构为：（1） 主语（除第三人称单数）+ have + 某物。（2） 主语（第三人称单数）+ has+某物。have / has 的一般疑问句结构为：X k B 1 . c o m（1） Do+ 主语（除第三人称单数）+ have+ 某物 ？（2） Does +主语（第三人称单数）+have +某物？have / has 的否定句结构为：（1） 主语（除第三人称单数）+ dont+ have + 某物。（2） 主语（第三人称单数）+ doesnt+ have + 某物。2.can +动词原形Unit41. like + doing sth动词接ing:(1).一般在动词末尾加ing,如： think thinking stand standing(2).以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing，如 skate skating make making dance dancing write writing have having ride riding come coming(3).以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个元音字母（闭音节），以及一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing, 如： put putting run-running swim swimming jog jogging sit sitting http:/www.xkb1.co m作文范例 My hobbies I have many hobbies . I like watching films . I often watch films on Sundays with my friends, I like reading too. I like reading storybooks. I like my hobbies.My friends hobbies Nancy likes listening to music. She likes