地质翻译英语词汇大总结.docx

地质翻译英语词汇大总结一、地层stratigraphy宇 eonothem界 erathem系 system统 series阶 stage群 group组 formation段 member显生宇 Phaneozoic Eonothem元古宇 ProterozoicEonothem太古宇 Archaean Eonothem新生界 Cenozoic Erathem第四系 Quaternary System全新统 Holocene Series更新统 Pleistocene Series第三系 Tertiary System晚第三系 Neogene System上新统 Pliocene Series中新统 Miocene Series早第三系 Paleogene System渐新统 Oligocene Series始新统 Eocene Series古新统 Paleocene Series中生界 Mesozoic Erathem白垩系 Cretaceous System侏罗系 Jurassic System三叠系 triassic System古生界 Paleozoic Erathem二叠系 Permian System石炭系 Carboniferous System泥盆系 Devonian System志留系 Silurian System奥陶系 Ordovician System寒武系 Cambrian System新元古界 NeoproterozoicErathem震旦系 Sinian System中元古界 Mesoproterozoic Erathem古元古界 PalaeoproterozoicErathem地层对比 stratigraphiccorrelation层位 horizon标志层 key bed哑层 barren bed缺失 lacuna尖灭 feather edge透镜状结构 lensoid 连续 continuity不连续 discontinuity整合 conformity不整合 unconformity角度不整合 angular unconformity平行不整合 para-unconformity产状 occurrence走向 strike 倾角 dip真倾角 true dip 视倾角 apparent dip 倾伏角 plunge 侧倾角 pitch 层理 bedding层面 bedding planes 交错层理 cross bedding 二、岩性lithology粘土 clay粉质粘土 silty clay砂 sand砾石 gravel沉积岩 sedimentaryrock火成岩 igneousrock变质岩 metamorphicrock粘土岩 claystone, clay rock页岩 shale泥岩 mudstone粉砂岩 siltstone泥质粉砂岩 argillaceous siltstone,pelitic siltstone,muddy siltstone砂岩 sandstone泥质砂岩 argillaceous sandstone, pelitic sandstone, muddy sandstone砾岩 conglomerate煤 coal灰岩 limestone泥灰岩 marl, marlstone白云岩 dolomite蒸发岩 evaporite岩浆岩 magmatic rock, magmatite花岗岩 granite玄武岩 basalt凝灰岩 tuff大理岩 marble片麻岩 gneiss夕卡岩 skarn三、矿物mineral石英 quartz长石 feldspar云母 mica白云母 muscovite 方解石 calcspar角闪石 hornblende 石膏 gypsum硬石膏 anhydrite石盐 rock salt钾石盐 sylvine光卤石 carnallite溢晶石 tachydrite水氯镁石 bischofite四、颜色colour灰色 gray白色 white黄色 yellow蓝色 blue绿色 green黑色 black红色 red棕色 brown黄褐色 tan深色 dark浅色 light暗色 dull五、构造tectonics断层 fault正断层 normal fault 逆断层 reverse fault冲断层 thrust走滑断层 strike-slip fault 倾滑断层 dip-slip fault 断层面 fault surface断层线 fault line地垒 horst地堑 graben节理 joint 上盘 hanging wall 下盘 foot wall 落差 throw 平错 heave 断层泥 fault gouge 断层角砾 fault brecci 海侵 transgression 海退 regression 褶曲 fold背斜 anticline 向斜 syncline 褶轴 fold axis 轴隆区 culmination 轴陷区 depression 翼 limb 穹窿 dome 盆地 basin 六、水文地质hydrologic geology河流river水库 reservoir泉 spring地表水 surface water地下水 groundwater大气降水atmospheric precipitation潜水phreatic water承压水confined water层间水interstrated water地下水位 groundwater level含水层aquifer, water bearing layer隔水层aquiclude, water-resistinglayer 弱含水层aquitard透水层permeable bed孔隙含水层porous aquifer裂隙含水层fissured aquifer岩溶含水层karst aquifer无压含水层unconfined aquifer承压含水层confined aquifer含水岩组water-bearingformation含水岩系water-bearing rock series持水度water-holding capacity给水度specific yield透水性permeability富水性water yield property溶洞karst cave孔隙水pore water裂隙水fissure water岩溶水karst water补给区 recharge area径流区 runoff area排泄区 discharge area地下径流 underground runoff地下水排泄 groundwater discharge降水补给precipitation recharge地表水补给 surface waterrecharge越流补给 leakage recharge水文地质单元hydrogeological unit地下水赋存条件 groundwater occurrence水文地质条件hydrogeological condition水文地质类型hydrogeological type地下水储存量 groundwater storage地下水监测 groundwatermonitoring抽水试验 pumping test注水试验 injection test入渗试验 Infiltration test水文调查hydrologic investigation渗透系数osmoticcoefficient矿床充水flooding of ore deposit矿床充水条件flooding condition of oredeposit矿床充水水源Water source of ore depositflooding矿床充水通道flooding passage in ore deposit充水岩层flooding layer老窿水goaf water矿坑涌水量water yield of mine正常涌水量normal water yield最大涌水量maximum water yield大井法Large diameter well method开采疏干simultaneousdraining in mining地下疏干underground draining地表疏干surfacedraining疏干钻孔drainwell疏干巷道drainingtunnel矿井突水water bursting in mines突水点water bursting point防水矿柱ore pillarpreventing water burst矿井堵水water blocking in mines探水钻孔water exploration borehole注浆孔grouting well最高洪水位 maximum flood level七、工程地质egineering geology顶板 roof顶板稳定性 roof stability顶板冒落带 caving zone of topwall顶板裂隙带 fissure zone of topwall顶板管理 roof control顶板支护 roof support顶板崩落 collapse of roof底板 floor, footwall底鼓 footwall heaving岩石物理性质 physical propertiesof rock岩石力学性质 mechanicalproperties of rock抗压强度compressive strength抗拉强度 tensilestrength岩爆 rock burst软弱结构面 weak structuralplane工程地质条件 engineering geologiccondition八、环境地质environmental geology岩崩 rock fall滑坡 landslide泥石流 mud-rock flow地震 earthquake地面沉降 subsidence地面开裂 land crack地面塌陷 ground surface collapse塌陷坑 collapse pit地下水污染 groundwater pollution地表水污染 surface waterpollution污染源pollution source地下水资源枯竭 groundwater resourcedepletion地下水质恶化 deterioration of groundwaterquality九、资源/储量resource/reserve矿产资源mineralresources储量 reserves基础储量 reserve base资源量 resources可采储量 proved reserves预可采储量 probable reserves探明的 measured控制的 indicated推断的 in