七种常用动词时态

动词的分类 v原 v s ved will v原 would v 原 had Vp p have has Vp p willhave Vp p am is are Ving was were Ving 一般现在 4 everyweek day year month always usually often onSundays sometimes 现在完成 现在进行 过去进行 过去完成 过去将来 一般将来 一般过去 1 for since sofar ever never just yet uptonow inthepastyears recently 5 yesterday lastweek anhourago theotherday in1982 justnow 2 多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动作 6 before bytheendoflastyear term month 8 nextday week month year tomorrow 3 now atthistime thesedays etc 7 thismorning thewholemorning allday yesterday fromninetotenlastevening when while 4 8 7 1 3 6 2 5 一 一般现在时结构 主语 am is are 表语主语 do does 其他 用法 1 Myfathernevertakesabusbutwalkstohisoffice 2 Waterboilsat100 C 3 Everycoinhastwosides 4 Theplanetakesoffatsixpastfive 5 1 IwillletyouknowassoonasIhearfromhim 2 Weshallhaveadiscussionwhenwehavetime 用法 1 Myfathernevertakesabusbutwalkstohisoffice 表示经常反复发生的习惯性动作 2 Waterboilsat100 C 表示一般事理或客观真理 3 Everycoinhastwosides 表示格言或警句 4 Theplanetakesoffatsixpastfive 表示机场 车站 码头等的日程安排 5 1 IwillletyouknowassoonasIhearfromhim 2 Weshallnothaveadiscussionunlesswehavetime 在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中表示将来 二 一般过去时结构 主语 was were 表语主语 did 其他 用法 1 Thetrainarrivedtenminutesago 2 Hewasanewspaperboyinthe1930s 3 Iusedtogotoschoolearly 4 MothersaidFatherdidn tlikesmokedfood 熏制食品 5 Itishightimethatwediscussedtheproblemnow 用法 1 Thetrainarrivedtenminutesago 表示过去特定时间发生的动作 2 Hewasanewspaperboyinthe1930s 表示过去特定时间所处的状态 3 Iusedtogotoschoolearly 表示过去一段时间经常性或习惯性动作 4 MothersaidFatherdidn tlikesmokedfood 熏制食品 受主句的过去时态影响 从句也用过去时态 5 Itishightimethatwediscussedtheproblemnow 表示委婉的虚拟语气的固定句型 三 一般将来时结构 主语 第一人称 shall 动词原形主语 各个人称 will 动词原形 用法 1 IwillgotoHawaiitoattendafashionshownextmonth 2 Manwilldiewithoutairorwater 3 1 MybrotherisgoingtolearnEnglishnextyear 2 Therearemanyblackcloudsinthesky Itisgoingtorain 4 TheyaretobemarriedinOctober 5 HeisabouttosetoffforBeijing 用法 1 IwillgotoHawaiitoattendafashionshownextmonth 表示将来某一时刻发生的动作或存在的状态 2 Manwilldiewithoutairorwater 表示客观必然发生的动作 3 1 MybrotherisgoingtolearnEnglishnextyear 表示主观打算或计划 安排要做的事情 2 Therearemanyblackcloudsinthesky Itisgoingtorain 表示根据客观迹象判断非常可能发生的事 4 TheyaretobemarriedinOctober 表示按计划或正式安排将发生的事 5 HeisabouttosetoffforBeijing 表示即将 马上发生的事 不与tomorrow nextweek等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用 四 现在进行时结构 主语 am is are doing 用法 1 Holdon Iamwritingaletter 2 Iknowyouaretranslatingafamousnovel 3 MaryiscomingbackfromhervisittoShanghai 4 1 Heisalwayshelpingothers 2 Sheisconstantlycomplaining 5 It sgettinghotterandhotter 用法 1 Holdon Iamwritingaletter 表示说话时正在发生或进行着的动作 2 Iknowyouaretranslatingafamousnovel 表示现阶段正在进行的动作 说话时不一定正在进行 3 MaryiscomingbackfromhervisittoShanghai 用现在进行时表示将来 通常是短暂性动词或表示位置转移的动词 come go leave return arrive begin start 4 1 Heisalwayshelpingothers 2 Sheisconstantlycomplaining 表示说话人的或褒或贬的感情 如赞扬 敬佩 讨厌 或不满等 5 It sgettinghotterandhotter 表示渐变的动词用于进行时表示一个逐渐变化的过程 五 过去进行时结构 主语 was were doing 用法 1 WewerehavinganEnglishclassat8yesterdaymorning 2 WhenIwasinGreece hewasstudyingFrench 3 Shewassettingthetablewhenitbegantoshaketerribly 用法 1 WewerehavinganEnglishclassat8yesterdaymorning 表示在过去某一时刻正在发生的动作 2 WhenIwasinGreece hewasstudyingFrench 表示在过去某一段时间内正在进行或持续进行的动作 3 1 Itwassnowingwhenhelefthisoffice 2 Theboyfelloffthetreewhenhewasclimbing 表示两个一长一短的动作在过去某时间同时发生时 用过去进行时表示较长的动作 过去进行时可用于主句 也可用于从句 4 Shewassettingthetablewhenitbegantoshaketerribly 固定句型 表示 正在做某事 突然 六 现在完成时结构 主语 has have done 动词过去分词 用法 1 1 Mydaughterhasalreadyhandedinherdutyreport 2 Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears 2 1 Wehavetalkedformorethantwohoursandlet scallitaday 2 HehasworkedinChinasince1997andhewon tgobacktoCanadauntil2017 3 1 ItisthefirsttimethatshehastravlledtoJapan 2 ThatisthetallesttreethatIhaveeverseen 3 Ithasbeen10yearssincetheygotmarried 用法 1 1 Mydaughterhasalreadyhandedinherdutyreport 2 Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears 表示到说话时间为止 动作已经发生或动作 状态已经持续一段时间 2 1 Wehavetalkedformorethantwohoursandlet scallitaday 表示到说话时间为止动作已经持续一段时间 不再继续下去 2 HehasworkedinChinasince1997andhewon tgobacktoCanadauntil2017 表示到说话时间为止动作已经持续一段时间 还要继续下去 3 1 ItisthefirsttimethatshehastravlledtoJapan 2 ThatisthetallesttreethatIhaveeverseen 3 Ithasbeen10yearssincetheygotmarried 固定句型 It Thisisthefirst secondtime that 主语 has havedonesth It This Thatis 形容词最高级 主语 has havedonesth Itis hasbeen 一段时间 since 主语 didsth 七 过去完成时结构 主语 had done 动词过去分词 用法 1 1 ShehadvisitedChinatwicebeforeshecamelastyear 2 WhenIwokeup ithadalreadystoppedraining 2 Bythemiddleoflastmonth theyhadlivedinBeijingforfiveyears 3 Hesaidthathehadsharedthecakewithhisfriends 4 Ihadhopedthatnothingwouldgetworse 5 Theyhadhardlyfinishedwritingthearticlewhenthebellrang Nosonnerhadhestolenthepursethanhewascaughtbythepoliceman 用法 1 1 ShehadvisitedChinatwicebeforeshecamelastyear 2 WhenIwokeup ithadalreadystoppedraining 表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作 即 过去的过去 2 Bythemiddleoflastmonth theyhadlivedinBeijingforfiveyears 表示由过去的某个时刻开始 一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态 3 Hesaidthathehadsharedthecakewithhisfriends 用在told said knew heard thought等动词后的宾语从句中 表示从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去动作之前 4 Ihadhopedthatnothingwouldgetworse 动词think hope want mean plan intend expect wish等用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的想法 希望 打算或意图等 5 Theyhadhardlyfinishedwritingthearticlewhenthebellrang Nosonnerhadhestolenthepursethanhewascaughtbythepoliceman 固定句型 主语 hadhardly scarcelydone whensbdidsth 主语 hadnosonnerdonesth thansbdidsth 倒装结构 Hardly Scarcelyhadsbdonesthwhensbdidsth Nosoonerhadsbdonesththansbdidsth Practice1 1 Thiskindofglasses wear comfortably 2 Theplane take offat8tomorrowmorning 3 IfI notinvite Iwon tgo 4 She always complain aboutherjob 5 ItisthefirsttimethatI visit theBird sNest 6 It be 5yearssincetheyseparated 7 Thepastfewyears see therapiddevelopmentinChina 8 Whyareyousohot I play footballwithmyclassmatesandhowIwanttohaveadrink wears takes amnotinvited iscomplaining havevisited hasbeen is hasseen havebeenplaying Practice2 1 Bytheendoflastterm we learn 12units 2 I work inShanghaifor5years I mproudtohavehadsuchanexperience 3 ImetJohntheotherday You notsee eachotherforages