吸烟的危害英语

part 2:The dangers of youth smoking,Tobacco and youth,Almost all smokers start while theyre youngThe tobacco industry spends tens of billions of dollars each year marketing its products in order to attract new customers to replace those that die or quit using tobacco. The majority of new customers are youths, with most tobacco users starting well before the age of 18, and almost a quarter of those individuals beginning tobacco use before the age of 10.,Youths often underestimate the risks of tobacco and the likelihood of becoming addicted. The younger children are when they first start using tobacco, the more likely they are to become regular users and the less likely they are to quit. This means if we can keep kids tobacco free until age 18, most will never start using it.If current trends continue, 250 million children and teenagers alive today who continue smoking into adulthood will die from tobacco related diseases.,Regular teen smokers report problems such as:,Brain,AddictionNicotine -creates satisfaction and pleasure but addiction. The developing brain is highly sensitive to the addiction. DamageSmoking can damage developing brain, alter the ability to make raional decisions.,Head and Face,Nerve damagepermanent damage to hearing nerve pathways .-hearing loss.Decreased night vision. -make driving at night dangerous.Dirty mouthit dulls the taste buds on your tongue. -extra salt or hot sauce it irritates the lining of the mouth. -mouth sores and ulcers. it stains your teeth yellow, -gives nasty bad breath.,Heart,Stressed heartraises blood pressure and puts stress on heart. heart stressSticky bloodmakes blood thick and sticky（浓稠）. deadly blood clots(凝块),Lungs,Short of breathit causes inflammation ,inflmein炎症 .-wheeze, or feel short of breath.Smaller lungsstop the lungs growth. -smaller, weaker lungs.,DNA,Damaged DNA damage to DNA. - cell begin growing out of control and create a cancer tumor tju:m肿瘤.,Stomach and Hormones,More belly fat more belly fat . increases chances of getting Diabetes d,aibi:ti:z糖尿病.,addicted to nicotine， hard to quit,“Of every three young smokers, only one will quit, and one of those remaining smokers will die from tobacco-related causes. Most of these young people never considered the long-term health consequences associated with tobacco use when they started smoking; and nicotine, a highly addictive drug, causes many to continue smoking well into adulthood, often with deadly consequences.”Most teen smokers say that they would like to quit and many have tried to do so without success.,Tobacco use is linked to other harmful behaviors,Research has shown that teen tobacco users are more likely to use alcohol and illegal drugs than are non-users. Cigarette smokers are also more likely to get into fights, carry weapons, attempt suicide, suffer from mental health problems such as depression, and engage in high-risk sexual behaviors.,Each day, nearly 4,000 kids under the age of 18 try their first cigarette and another 1,000 become regular, daily smokers. About one third of these kids will die prematurely from a smoking-related disease.,part 3:Second-hand smoke and youth,Second-hand smoke,Second-hand smoke is also a serious issue for youths. The more young people are exposed to tobacco marketing, the more likely they are to use tobacco. Worldwide it is estimated that 40% of children up to age 14 are exposed to second-hand smoke. About 28% of the 600,000 deaths a year caused by second-hand smoke occur in children, with most of those deaths resulting from lower respiratory resprtri 呼吸的disease.,10 facts on second-hand smoke,Fact 1Second-hand smoke is the smoke that fills restaurants, offices or other enclosed spaces when people burn tobacco products such as cigarettes, bidis and water pipes. Everyone is exposed to its harmful effects.,10 facts on second-hand smoke,Fact 2 There is “no safe level of exposure to tobacco smoke”. Creating 100% smoke-free environments is the only way to protect people from the harmful effects of second-hand tobacco smoke.,10 facts on second-hand smoke,Fact 3Second-hand smoke causes 600 000 premature deaths per year. There are more than 4000 chemicals in tobacco smoke, of which at least 250 are known to be harmful and more than 50 are known to cause cancer.,10 facts on second-hand smoke,Fact 4In adults, second-hand smoke causes serious cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, including coronary heart disease and lung cancer. In infants, it causes sudden death. In pregnant women, it causes low birth weight.,10 facts on second-hand smoke,Fact 5Separate or ventilated smoking areas do not protect non-smokers from second-hand smoke. Second-hand smoke can spread from a smoking area to a non-smoking area, even if the doors between the two areas are closed and even if ventilation is provided. Only 100% smoke-free environments provide effective protection.,10 facts on second-hand smoke,Fact 6About 40% of all children are regularly exposed to second-hand smoke at home. Thirty-one per cent of the deaths attributable to second-hand smoke occur in children.,10 facts on second-hand smoke,Fact 7Youths exposed to second-hand smoke at home are one-and-a-half to two times more likely to start smoking than those not exposed.,10 facts on second-hand smoke,Fact 8Ten percent of the economic costs related to tobacco use are attributable to second-hand smoke. Tobacco use imposes both direct economic costs on society, such as those associated with treating tobacco-related diseases and indirect costs, such as those associated wi