（江苏专用）2020版高考英语冲刺提分模拟组合练一（2）（含解析）.docx

模拟组合练一(2).阅读理解A(2018江苏扬州中学检测)DINERSTONY SOPRANOS LAST MEALBetween 1912 and the 1990s, New Jersey State was home to more than 20 diner manufacturers who made probably 95 percent of the diners in the U.S., says Katie Zavoski, who is helping hold a diner exhibit. What makes a diner a diner? (And not,say, a coffee shop?) Traditionally, a diner is built in a factory and then delivered to its own town or city rather than constructed on-site. Zavoski credits New Jerseys location as the key to its mastery of the form. “It was just the perfect place to manufacture the diners,” she says. “We would ship them wherever we needed to by sea.”VISIT “Icons of American Culture:History of New Jersey Diners”, running through June 2017 at The Cornelius House/Middlesex County Museum in Piscataway, New JerseyGOOD FOOD, GOOD TUNESSuzanne Vegas 1987 song “Toms Diner” is probably best known for its frequently sampled “doo doo doo doo” melody (旋律) rather than its diner-related lyrics. Technically, its not even really about a dinerthe setting is New York Citys Toms Restaurant, which Vega frequented when she was studying at Barnard. Vega used the word “diner” instead because it “sings better that way”, she told The New York Times. November 18 has since been called Toms Diner Day, because on that day in 1981, the New York Posts front page was a story about the death of actor William Holden. In her song Vega sings:“And I open up the paper/Theres a story of an actor who had died while he was drinking.”LISTEN “Toms Diner” by Suzanne VegaMEET THE DINER ANTHROPOLOGISTRichard J.S. Gutman has been called the “Jane Goodall of diners” (he even consulted on Barry Levinsons 1982 film, Diner). His book, American Diner:Then & Now, traces the evolution of the “night lunch wagon”, set up by Walter Scott in 1872, to the early 1920s, when the diner got its name (adapted from “dining car”), and on through the 1980s. Gutman has his own diner facilities (floor plans, classic white mugs,a cashiers booth);250 of these items are part of an exhibit in Rhode Island.READ American Diner:Then & Now(John Hopkins University Press)VISIT “Diners:Still Cooking in the 21st Century”, currently running at the Culinary Arts Museum at Johnson & Wales University in Providence, Rhode Island1.In what way is a diner different from a coffee shop?A.Its location.B.Its management.C.From what it is built.D.Where it is constructed.2.What do we know about Vegas 1987 song “Toms Diner”?A.It warns people not to drink.B.It was inspired by Toms Diner Day.C.Its melody is preferred to its lyrics.D.Its original title was Toms Restaurant.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,介绍了与美国小饭店历史有关的展览、歌曲和书籍。1.D细节理解题。根据What makes a diner a diner? (And not, say, a coffee shop?) Traditionally, a diner is built in a factory and then delivered to its own town or city rather than constructed on-site.可知,小饭店在工厂建造,而咖啡屋就地建筑。选D。2.C推理判断题。根据Suzanne Vegas 1987 song “Toms Diner” is probably best known for its frequently sampled “doo doo doo doo” melody (旋律) rather than its diner-related lyrics.可知,这首歌是以旋律而不是歌词著称。选C。B(2019江苏南京、盐城二模)Listen carefully to the footsteps in the family home, especially if it has wooden floors, and you can probably work out who it is that is walking about. The features most commonly used to identify people are faces, voices, fingerprints and retinal scans. But their “behavioural biometrics”, such as the way they walk, are also giveaways.Researchers have, for several years, used video cameras and computers to analyse peoples gaits, and are now quite good at it. But translating such knowledge into a practical identification system can be trickyespecially if that system is supposed to be hidden. Cameras are often visible, are hard to set up, require good lighting and may have their view blocked by other people. So a team led by Krikor Ozanyan of the University of Manchester, in England and Patricia Scully of the National University of Ireland, in Galway have been looking for a better way to recognise gaits. Their answer: pressure-sensitive mats.In themselves, such mats are nothing new. They have been part of security systems for donkeys years. But Dr Ozanyan and Dr Scully use a complex version that can record the amount of pressure applied in different places as someone walks across it. These measurements form a pattern unique to the walker. Dr Ozanyan and Dr Scully therefore turned, as is now common for anything to do with pattern recognition, to an Artificial Intelligence system that uses machine learning to recognise such patterns.It seems to work. In a study published earlier this year the two researchers tested their system on a database of footsteps trodden by 127 different people. They found that its error rate in identifying who was who was a mere 0.7%. And Dr Scully says that even without a database of footsteps to work with the system can determine someones sexwomen or men, with wide and narrow pelvises (骨盆) respectively, walk in different ways,and guess, with reasonable accuracy, a subjects age.A mat-based gait-recognition system has the advantage that it would work in any lighting conditionseven pitch-darkness. And though it might fail to identify someone if, say, she was wearing stilettos and had been entered into the database while wearing trainers, it would be very hard to fool it by imitating the gait of an individual who was allowed admission to a particular place.The latest phase of Dr Ozanyans and Dr Scullys project is a redesign of the mat. The old mats contained individual pressure sensors. The new ones contain optical fibres (光纤). Light-emitting diodes (二极管) distributed along two neighbouring edges of a mat transmit light into the fibres. Sensors on the opposite edges (and thus the opposite ends of the optical fibres) measure how much of that light is received. Any pressure applied to part of the mat causes a distortion (变形) in the fibres and a consequent change in the amount of light transmitted. Both the location and amount of change can be plotted and analyzed by the machine-learning system.Dr Ozanyan says that the team have built a demonstration fibre-optic mat, two meters long and a metre wide, using materials that cost 100 ($130). They are now talking to companies about commercializing it. One application might be in health care, particularly for the elderly. A fibre-optic mat installed in a nursing home or an old persons own residence could monitor changes in an individuals gait that warn certain illnesses. That would provide early warning of someone being at greater risk of falling over, say, or of their cognition becoming damaged.Gait analysis might also be used as a security measure in the workplace, monitoring access to restricted areas, such as parts of military bases, or laboratories dealing with harmful materials. In these cases, employees would need to agree to their gaits being scanned, just as they would agree to the scanning of their faces or retinas for optical security systems.Perhaps the most fascinating use of gait-recognition mats, though, would be in public places, such as airports. For that to work, the footsteps of those to be recognised would need to have been stored in a database, which would be harder to arrange than the collection of mugshots and fingerprints that existing airport security systems rely on. Some people, however, might volunteer for it. Many aircrew or pre-registered frequent flyers would welcome anything that speeded up one of the most tiresome parts of modern travel.3.Camera-based gait recognition fails to come into wide use, because .a.its not easy to find the camerasb.finger print recognition is still popularc.sometimes the cameras can be coveredd.its a waste of money to fix the equipmente.good lighting conditions cant be guaranteedf.its difficult to set up the system A.acfB.bdeC.cdf D.cef4.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Paragraphs 68?A.The new mats function greatly with individual pressure sensors built in.B.The new mats will be likely to work better with enough pressure.C.The elderly are cured of their diseases with the monitor of the fibre-optic.D.Restricted areas are accessible to those with their gaits scanned beforehand.5.What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 5?A.The mat-based gait-recognition system.B.The gait stored in the database.C.The advantage of working in any light condition. D.The admission to a particular place.6.Whats the best title of the passage?A.Listen to your footsteps B.Applaud pattern recognitionC.Love the way you walk D.Better the mats you step on答案语篇解读本文属于科技类说明文。文章介绍了根据人们不同的走路方式而设计出的一种新的步法识别系统。3.D细节理解题。根据第二段第三句Cameras are often visible, are hard to set up, require good lighting and may have their view blocked by other people.可知,基于摄像机的步态识别设备未被广泛使用的原因是:摄像机容易被看到、很难架设、对光线要求高、还有可能被别人挡住,可对应选项中的 c, e, f。故选D项。4.D细节理解题。根据第六段第二句The old mats contained individual pressure sensors.可知A项错误;根据第六段倒数第二句Any pressure.causes a distortion in the fibres.可知,是任何压力都能导致光纤的变形,而不是 “enough pressure”,B项错误;根据第七段第四句A fibre-optic mat.could monitor changes.that warn certain illnesses.可知 the fibre-optic mat 只能预警并不能治愈这些疾病,C项错误;根据第八段中的monitoring access to restricted areas.employees would need to agree to their gaits being scanned可知,提前扫描了步态的人也可以进入不对外公开的区域了,故 D项正确。5.A语义猜测题。根据第五段中A mat-based gait-recognition system has the advantage.And though it might fail to.it would be very hard.可知,本段就在介绍这种“垫子型步态识别系统”,由此判断出it 指的是mat-based gait-recognition system,故选A项。6.C主旨大意题。此题可用排除法。A 项“倾听你的脚步声”,B项“赞赏模式识别”,C 项“爱上你的走路方式”,D项“改进你踩上的垫子”。本文主要介绍根据人们不同的走路方式而设计出的一种新的步法识别系统,不是简单的改进垫子;第一段最后一句.such as the way they walk, are also giveaways与 C项标题呼应,该标题含有一定趣味性,可以吸引读者。故选 C项。.任务型阅读(2018泰州中学高三月考)Factory farming is a type of farming that involves raising a huge number of livestock(牲畜)in comparatively tinier enclosed spaces, with a view to supplying them to the livestock market. It took root in the later part of the 19th century. On the arrival of the Industrial Revolution, the inventions of antibiotics and pesticides were increasing in number, which made it possible to practice factory farming. And gradually, with better farming methods, livestock were able to be raised indoors leading to mass production in a shorter while. Nowadays, according to reliable sources, more than 50% of the livestock are produced using this concept.Factory farming is one of the most important food production methods around the world today because it has a lot of advantages. For example, there are huge numbers of mouths to feed, and mass production leads to the purchase of poultry and the related items. Since the items arent priced too high for consumers to afford, people appreciate buying them in a large number. And as more and more livestock are artificially raised, more and more chicken, beef and eggs are out for sale. The purchase rate is higher and despite being reasonably priced, the produce fetches a profit for the farms. In addition, since the business is enormous and needs as many hands as possible to increase the food produce, an equal number of staff are required for work, which results in a growth in the related jobs.However, there are also disadvantages of factory farming. For instance, the animals are artificially bred, and since the procedure is not natural, the end products could be of poor quality. Antibiotics are injected into cows and hens, making them more unlikely to suffer from dirt and disease. As a result, the eggs and meat will not be as good as usual. The products thus obtained are of such low quality, which ultimately affects our health as well. Actually, since the entire production is artificial, the meat is overloaded with hormones(激素)and drugs, and the bacteria develop resistance to the antibiotics, which is why many diseases remain untreated. Worse still, the animals waste can pollute the water and air, causing extensive damage to the environment. It may also lead to harmful emissions and contribute to the already increasing global warming.Because of the above advantages and disadvantages of factory farming, the concept has been a subject of massive debate all over the world, wherever this practice has been employed. Supporters of this concept argue that it does provide enough food for the increasing population and is more affordable. However, unfavorable opinions suggest that there are better ways of producing food, rather than subjecting animals to this suffering. The debate has been going on for quite a while, with no one being able to gain the upper hand.Factory FarmingDefinitionFactory farming refers to raising so many farm animals in a7 space to meet the requirements of peoples daily life.BackgroundWith more antibiotics and pesticides 8, factory farming came into being in the late 19th century.As farming methods improved, factory farming9 mass production in a shorter while.Over half of the livestock are produced through factory farming at the present time.AdvantagesFactory farming produces more food to feed a large10.The items produced through factory farming are 11 for ordinary consumers.The higher purchase rate makes factory farming 12, in spite of reasonable price.Factory farming contributes to an increasing number of working 13.DisadvantagesThe animals arent14 brought up, so the quality of the end products could not be good enough.Antibiotics are injected into the animals, which makes bacteria15 to drugs and leaves many diseases untreated.DebateSome people support this concept, while some others are against it because they think food should be produced in better ways. The debate has16 long, but neither side has got the edge over the other.答案语篇解读本文介绍了工厂化养殖的优势和劣势。这一概念在全世界引起了广泛的争论,辩论持续了很长时间,但两方都没有优势。7.limited根据第一段第一句Factory farming is a type of farming that involves raising a huge number of livestock(牲畜)in comparatively tinier enclosed spaces.可知,工厂化养殖是指在有限的空间内饲养如此多的家畜来满足人们日常生活的需要。故答案为limited。8.invented根据第一段中的On the arrival of the Industrial Revolution, the inventions of antibiotics and pesticides were increasing in number, which made it possible to practice factory farming.可知,随着更多的抗生素和杀虫剂的发明,这使工厂化养殖成为可能。故答案为invented。9.caused根据第一段倒数第二句And gradually, with better farming methods, livestock were able to be raised indoors leading to mass production in a shorter while.可知,随着耕作方法的改进,工厂化养殖使大规模生产缩短了时间。故答案为caused。10.population根据第二段第二句.there are huge numbers of mouths to feed, and mass production leads to the purchase of poultry and the related items.可知,工厂化的养殖生产出更多的食物来养活大量的人口。故答案为population。11.affordable/inexpensive/cheap根据第二段中的Since the items arent priced too high for consumers to afford, people appreciate buying them in a large number. 工厂化生产的产品对普通消费者来说是便宜的。故答案为affordable/inexpensive/fitable根据第二段中的The purchase rate is higher and despite being reasonably priced, the produce fetches a profit for the farms.可知,尽管有合理的价格,但较高的采购率使工厂化养殖有利可图。可知答案为profitable。13.opportunities根据第二段最后一句.since the business is enormous and needs as many hands as possible to increase the food produce, an equal number of staff are required for work, which results in a growth in the related jobs.可知,工厂化养殖有助于增加工作机会。故答案为opportunities。14.naturally根据第三段第二句中的since the procedure is not natural, the end products could be of poor quality可知,这些动物不是自然养大的,因此,最终产品的质量是不