介词与形容词及名词短语.doc

介词与形容词及名词短语 name_ 2012-4-12一、“系动词+过去分词/形容词+介词”1 be pleased/content/ satisfied/dissatisfied with. . 对(不)满意 be disappointed at/in/with:对失望be pleased/surprised/amused/disappointed/delighted/terrified/shocked/amazed at sth 因/对高兴/惊奇/逗乐 Be experienced at/in:在有经验 be/grow/become interested in:对感/产生兴趣be known/recognized /referred to as:被为/公认为 be regarded/treated/looked ason/thought of/considered as 被看作 be known for:因而闻名be known to sb 为某人所知 be famous as:作为而闻名 be famous for:因而闻名 be made of:由制成(未经过大变化看得出原料) be made from 由制成（经过变化看不出原料）be made in：在某处制造 be made into 被制成 be made up of 由组成 be tired of=be sick of = be fed up with=be bored with 厌烦/倦 be tired with/from:因而疲倦be absorbed in 全神贯注于/专心于 be lost in 全神贯注于/ 沉湎于 be bent on=be buried in专注于/专心于2 be burdened with 负担 be loaded with 装载有 be filled with 充满 be equipped with 安装有 be furnished with 安装有, 陈设有 be covered with盖满be crowded with挤满 be dotted with 占缀着/布满 be lined with 排满 be connected with与有联系 be associated with 与相关 be related to与有关be dressed in 穿 be /get caught in 受困于，遭遇 3 be/get stuck in 被困于 be trapped in被困于 be engaged to 与某人定婚 be engaged in 从事于,忙于be/get married to 与某人结婚 be prepared for=be ready for be devoted to致力于/奉献于；深爱着be faced with 面临 be lacking in 缺乏 be/fall short of:短缺/缺乏be named after 根据命名 be based on 以为基础 be aimed at 针对，以为目标 be intended/meant for 是以为意图的，针对的 be attached to附属于;爱惜/依恋，执着于be admitted into/to sp 被录取/允许进入 be accustomed to习惯于 be used to 习惯于 be determined to do 坚决地要做某事 be ashamed of;对羞愧 be proud of:为自豪(=take pride in)4 be angry with sb / be angry at sth be strict with sb /be strict in sth be patient with sb be good/kind/friendly/cruel to sb be good for:对有好处 be fit/suitable for:适合be suited to:适合 be free from:免于/没有 be far from远离;远远不be active in在方面活跃/ 积极参加 be good at擅长 be weak in 差/不擅长于be rich in富含/盛产 5 be high/low in含高/低 be worthy of sth/being done 值/值得 be worth sth/ doing be dying/thirsty/eager/anxious for sth渴望 be worried/anxious/concerned about 对担心be curious about对好奇be particular about/over讲究/挑剔 be careful of:对小心 be capable of 能够 be certain/sure of /about:对有把握/确信 be aware of 知道 be afraid of害怕/担心(be afraid to do:不敢) be fond of:喜爱 be full of:充满(=be filled with) 6 be busy with：忙于 (be busy doing sth) be popular with/among:受喜爱 be successful in:在成功 be/get close to：靠近be similar to:与相似 be different from:与不同 be similar/different in:在某一方面相似/不同be opposite to:与相反 be second to 仅次于 be sorry for:对难过/对不起be absent from：缺席 be present at:出席 be late for迟到 be provided/supplied with:提供有一、常见介词、副词与常用动词构成的短语动词1. V+ about(介词：关于)：皆为及物短语动词ask / inquire about: 询问的情况 care about: 在乎;/介意;关注 quarrel about/over为争论/争吵argue about/over为争论/ /辩论 debate about /on为/关于辩论 discuss about讨论，议论worry about：担心 concern about:关心，挂念 know/learn about:了解 read about:读知, 阅后得知 talk about:谈论 hear about:听说（=hear of）complain about（抱怨/投诉） bring about带来，造成 think about:考虑 speak about:谈到，谈论(=speak of) set about doing sth着手做某事 do sth about.想办法/采取措施解决.V+ about(副词:到处/四周)：皆为不及物短语动词walk/go about:四处走动 move about:四处走,经常搬家 wander about:漫步/徘徊 hang about :闲荡 come about : 发生 look about/around:环顾;(商店中)四处看2. V+ across（介词或副词）come across.:偶遇(=come upon) run across.:偶然发现/碰到 cut across: 抄近路穿过/横越; 影响 put /get() across to sb: 解释/传达，使某人明白It took me an hour to get my intention across to her. 3. V+ after(介词)be after:寻求,寻找，追求 go/run/chase after:追赶/逐 look after:照顾 take after: 长得像;学某人的样 随。 ask after:探问/询问 name. after.:以名字命名. 4. V+ along come along 跟着一起来Will you come along with me? She is coming along nicely after the operation. 进展/进bring/take。along把带来/去 get along /on 相处；进展 get along/on with sb/sth与某人相处；在.进展5. V+ against (介词): argue against:（发表意见）反对/反驳 be against:反对 fight/struggle against:与做斗争go against:违背，反对；对.不利The case might go against him. He went against the advice of his colleagues and resigned. turn against:背叛; 对采取敌对态度 . Even those who are once for him begin to turn against him. warn against: 警告不要, 提醒提防 I would warn against such an adventure Prevent /guard / provide against预防 We have to provide against accidents. These rules can prevent /guard against accidents. 6 V+ apart(副词或形容词: 分别/分开的)take apart拆开;剖析 tear apart:扯/拆开,使心碎 tell apart:分别/区别set apart:区别突出 fall/come apart: 瓦解/崩溃7. V+ round(副词) get round 传开来; 四处走动It was not long before the news got round thatTracey was dating James.get sb round: 说服某人eg. He is determined and wont give insee if you can get him round get round to( doing) sth: 终于去做/找到时间做 I havent even got round to unpacking frommy holiday e round:恢复/苏醒Pour some water on his face hell soon come round. Dont scold the boy; hell come round in time. 改变意见She will never come round (to our way of thinking).(非正式的)来访，到来；绕道 Come round when you have time. Christmas will soon come round. bring. round/around(to.): 使某人恢复知觉 We managed to bring her round with some smelling salt.说服某人改变想法Bring him round to our point of view把话题转到. He brought the discussion round to football.8. V+ aside(在一边,另外) put/leave/setaside:留出/拨出以备专用; 撇开/搁置一边不考虑 lay aside:暂放一边 throw aside:抛弃 aside from = besides 除.外(还有) 9. V+ as(介词：充当/作为)serve as:充当，用作 act as: 扮演，充当 work as: 充当,担任工作 function as:充当（功能）10. V+ at (介词) shout /yell at:对叫喊 knock at:敲 laugh at:嘲笑 fly at:扑向 point at:指向/着，对准 come at:袭击,达到 go at:扑向,尽力干 catch at:想抓住,渴望shoot/fire at:向开火 aim at旨在；瞄准；企图 target at把瞄准 attempt at 尝试/企图; 努力 look at:看 stare at:盯着看;凝视 glare at:怒视 glance at瞥见，看一下(浏览) call at sp:访问某地 drop in at sp顺便走访某地 arrive at：到达; 达成 arrive at conclusion/agreementwork at:从事,钻研 wonder at:对惊奇 estimate at: 估计 11.V+ away(副词)put away: 放好/收好；储存备用;舍弃 give away:赠送，分送; 泄露 turn away:解雇; 把打发走send away:驱逐,解雇 clear away:清除，移走 wear away: 磨掉,(时间)消逝throw away:扔掉,抛弃 take away:拿走 smooth away:克服，消除 pass away:去世/逝世 go away:走开,离开 die away(风/声音)渐息/渐弱;(树木)凋零/枯萎12. V+ back(副词)keep back:阻挡; 隐瞒;扣留 hold back:忍住，抑制住 bring back: 拿回；使回想起，使恢复take back:带回；撤销/收回（说的话） give back:归还;反射(光等) get back 找回/取回;回来 call back:回电,召回处理 answer back:回嘴 pay back:偿还，向报复，回报 13. V+ by (介词或副词): go by路过某地; 时间过去 pass by经过某(时间)逝去 stand by旁观(=look on);准备行动；支持/忠于某人;坚持/遵守 14.V+ down(介词或副词)turn down:调低(音量等);拒绝某人 let sb down 使某人失望 put down：放下，记下，镇压note / put / take down:记下 take down取下；记下；拆卸 tear/pull down 拆毁 break down: 出毛病;破裂;崩溃；分解 burn down烧毁 cut down: 削减，减少；杀死，砍倒keep down压制；控制，缩减开支 hold down 压制；抑制(热情等) 缩减 slow down使慢下来,减缓knock down击/撞倒;拆除;使降价 bring down使降落/下降,降价 go down:下降，减少；沉没go down with生病 lay down:放下，铺设 hand down:传递，遗传下来pass down: 传下来 fall down落下；倒塌；失败；证明是不行的 die down:渐熄calm down 平静/镇定下来 settle down定居;平静下来 settle down to安定下来专心于 get down: 从下来;下车;写下;使沮丧 get down to开始认真做，着手做 15.V+for(介词)make for:向前进; 有利于/促进 head for驶向,走向 set sail for /set off for向某地驶去/出发leave for 动身去某地 look for:寻找 hunt for搜索，寻找call for:需要/要求; 提倡; 邀约/约请(call for sb) wait for:等待 care for喜欢,关心 apply for请求/申请 answer for 对负责 be to blame for. 应对.负责 pay for 偿还, 赔偿 stand for 代表，意味着，主张，支持 send for 派人去请某人 go for: 袭击；适用于；想要获得；喜爱 ask for:要求/要; 找某人(ask for sb) run for竞选 praise/punish/scold sb for.因.赞扬/惩罚/责骂sb account for是的原因;解释;占据 allow for:考虑到；顾及arrange for: 安排 struggle/fight for:为而斗争 fall for:迷恋/对倾心；上某人的当hope/wish /long for sth:希望/渴望 be dying/eager/thirty for.渴望16. V+forward(副词) bring forward:提出; 将提前 put forward 提出; 促进；将钟拔前 push forward:推进/继续进行 Look forward:展望未来 look forward to (doing) sth盼望，期待 carry forward:推进;发扬 17. V+ from (介词): learn from:向学习 suffer from:遭受/忍受 recover from:康复/恢复hear from (sb):收到某人信;有某人的消息 die from 死于 result from由引起rise from由引起/带来 differ from=vary from与不同 benefit from得益于date from:始于 =date back to originate from:起源于 tell /distinguish.from.把.和.区别开来18. V+ in (介词或副词)succeed in(doing) sth 在成功 fail in在失败; 在不足/疏忽 believe in信任，信仰;相信存在lie in 在于 result in 造成/引起 let in 让进入；放出来take in接受/吸/纳；理解，领会；欺骗某人 bring in引进；挣得(钱报酬等)/ 收获 get in 进入；收获/收割；插入(话) break in闯入;打断/插话（不及物） burst in 闯入;打断(不及物) cut in插嘴, 插入超车turn in交还/上交；检举/告发(oneself自首); 睡觉 I will turn in soon 我要睡了 draw in:收网 check in 登记, 报到 give in屈服/让步(give in to sb/sth) pull in 车子进站;靠边停下(=pull over) hand in 上交 drop in顺便走访(drop in on sb / at sp) bring in 挣得/赚;引进;生产 send in呈报，递送，提call in召集/请来, 回收 end in.:以告终 share in:分担 compete in:参加(竞争) join in:参加 participate in:参加 take part in参加 fill in:填写 involve. in:.使.卷入. 19. V+ into(介词)get into 进入,卷入 look into 窥视/观察；调查 inquire into: 调杳 cut into 侵犯, 打断 break into 闯入;打断 burst into 闯入,突然起来(tears/ laughters )dive into潜入;钻研 knock/run into偶然碰到某人 bump/knock/run into撞上 fall into:分成(类/组);开始 develop into:发展成 turn/ change into变成20. V+ of (介词)think of 考虑,想到/起, 认为（think of.as.） hear of听说(=hear about） die of 死于 dream of/about 梦见；梦想做 talk of/speak of 谈到/提到 tell of叙述、讲述consist of（由组成=be made up of） approve of:赞成/批准 become of:.怎么样(What will become of Tom?) 21. V+ off (副词或介词)set off出发 (=set out), 引爆；引起 start off 出发(=start out) ring off 挂断电话 take off脱衣;打折(take 20% off)，请假(take 2 days off); 起飞，突然成功/盛行起来 hang off 畏缩不前, 迟疑 show off 炫耀/卖弄;使显眼 come off 举行/进行;成功;结果( well) go off 离开; 爆炸,声音响起 pay off还清债务; 得到回报，获得成功 cool off 变凉/冷却；冷静 drop off 让某人下车 break off 折断，中断 cut off 切断, 断绝, 截断，中断 turn off(关掉, 避开;使厌烦(sb), give off 发出(光、声音等)，散发出(气味) call off 取消;制止住( the dog) put off 推迟;使打消/不想;see sb off 为某人送行get off 下车 keep off 避开/不接近(=stay/keep away from) send off派遣, 解雇,送行come off从掉下来 pull off 脱/扯下; 努力实现/赢得 fall off(vt) 从掉下来；(vi) 下降/降低 22. V+ on (介词或副词): get on 上车 take on 呈现;雇用;承担;受欢迎/流行 call on 拜访某人;号召/呼吁 depend on 依赖/靠;取决于;信任 rely on 依赖, 依靠 operate on 给某人动手术 work on 从事/写书；影响 live on 以.为主食;靠.生活 insist on坚持(doing sth) agree on就达成一致 act on对.起作用, 按.行动, 作用于 comment / remark on/about评论 focus on 集中于，以为中心 concentrate on 专注于 fix on:确定/选定(日期/地点等)hold on 别挂电话/稍等；坚持 hang on 不挂断 walk/move on 继续前行 go on发生/进行, 继续 catch on变得流行, 理解 look on旁观; 看待( sb as) put on 穿上, 装出/假装; 上演, 增加 try on 试穿 pull on 匆忙地穿/戴haveon 穿着 turn on 打开，展现出 catch on 钩/卡/绊在上bring on(=bring upon)引起/惹来; 使加速生长 count on 依靠;期待，指望 carry on 继续开展，进行下去23. V+ out (副词)give out vi 用尽/精疲力竭; vt.分发, 发表/布, 发出(气味/热) run out vi.用光/耗尽 run out of. vt.把.用光burst out 迸发；突然.起来(laughing/crying) break out vi.爆发 set out 出发； 着手（ to do sth) start out 出发 stand out(突出;显眼) stick out突出/显眼; 伸出, come out 出来;长出; 公开; 出版；结果 go out 出去, 熄灭, 过时 turn out 结果是; 生产 work out vi.锻炼, 结果; vt.算出,解决,制订出, die out 灭绝,(习俗)逐渐消失 look/watch out (for.)当心 pull out撤离,离站(=pull away) check out 付帐后离开 drop out中途退出；辍学 help sb out 帮助摆脱困难 make out理解;辨认出;编造 figure out计算出;领会到 act out表演出来;把付锗行动 speak out大胆/大声地说 read out大声地读出来send out放出，发送, 派遣 put out关熄/扑灭; 生产,困扰某人 hand out:分发 cut out 切掉/裁剪出；中止 leave out 省去, 遗漏, 不考虑 bring out 使显露； 生产 wear out:穿坏/用坏;使疲劳(=tire sb out) find out弄明白/查明;揭发 tear out撕下, 扯下let out 发出叫喊;泄漏; 放宽/大;出租 carry out 实施，执行 try out 试验 point out 指出 pick out 挑选出 keep out 把挡在外面think out:想出 clear out:清除，扫出 kick out:解雇 24. V+ over(副词)think over仔细考虑 hand over 移交；让与 take over 接任；接管；接收get over做完;痊愈/康复;克服 look over 翻阅/浏览;检查 go over 仔细检查;复习 turn over 打翻;翻页/阅；移交;反复考虑 run over:浏览,车压过 win over:战胜；争取/说服 watch over: 查看，监视 pull over( vi) 靠岸, 开到路边 come over (vi)上前来，顺便来访25 .V+ through (介词或副词)look through审核;浏览;看穿 break through 突破;克服 go through 经历;仔细查看;被批准/通过 cut through抄近路,凿穿 see through 看穿,识破 live through:度过;经历而不死get through接通电话;通过; 完成；使被理解/了解(get sth through/across to sb) put through给某人接通电话;完成 bring sb through 使脱险，使渡过难关 务员 pull through恢复健康;使某人度过难关 fall through:失败/未能实现 carry through:完成/坚持到底26. V+ to (介词)listen to听 belong to属于 reply to回答respond to对应答/回应 react to:对产生反应/作出回应 apologize to 向某人道歉agree to 同意某事 add to 增加,增添 stick to坚持(stick to sth)turn to 转向/致力于;求助于;查阅/参考 come to涉及/谈及;达到;突然想起(Sth come to sb)合计，苏醒（ oneselfsthsth occur to sb /It occurred to sb that突然想起 lead to 通向;导致 contribute to 对作贡献;促成/造成refer to 提到;涉及;参考/查阅(=turn to) object to 反对 attend to 专心于;照顾take to 喜欢; 沉溺于 apply to 适用于 appeal to吸引(sb);呼吁/上诉;get to到达,抓住问题的要害 amount to总计/共达(=add up to=come to);等于/相当于 point to 指着see to 负责/注意；关照(see to it that) drink to:祝酒/为干杯 adjust/adapt to:适应 keep to:不离开/固守；遵守（the right） attach to把附/粘在上 attach importance to:重视 attach oneself to依恋/接近(be attached to: attend to专心；照顾，护理subject.to. 使服从，使遭到/经受. be subjected to. 受到，遭遇到，经受 devote.to. 奉献/致力于（be devoted to.） commit oneself to 献身于，致力于summit to 递交 顺从 27. V+ up (副词)make up组成/构成；虚构; 补足/弥补(make up for）;整理/包装；和解(make up with sb);化妆 set up 建起/竖立,建立事业/成立组织; set oneself up as自称为 think up 想出;捏造 put up 举起；张贴，建造；提供资金，为提供食宿(put sb up） warm up:使变暖;热身运动do up 束起/系/扣/拉上; 重新整修/收拾齐整; 打扮(do oneself up); 包起来/包扎 pick up捡起;收听;(无意)学到/买到/染上;接人/取货;增加/改善（pick up speed/health) ;pick oneself up再爬起来/振作精神 take up 占据, 拿起/开始从事, 继续（take up the story/song) clear up 整理;消除 show up揭露；露面turn up出现/露面；开大声 hang up 挂断电话 step up加快;促进/增加/提高speed up: 加速 break up分手;破碎;分裂 split up分手/离 come up 走近; 上升/发芽; 被提出 go up 上升/增长;被建起来 clear up 放晴 stand up 站立；耐用/经得起；（论点、论据等）站得住脚 get up 起床 ring /call sb up 给某人打电话 look up 查寻/找;抬头看/尊敬；好转 keep up 保持/维持(体温/勇气等) send up 发射；长出 give up 放弃/停止 cut up 切碎,使受苦(cut sb up） bring up培养;提出; 呕吐break up 打碎，结束，驱散 wake up 叫醒 draw up:草拟/拟定；汲取 use up 用光（vt） eat up 吃光 join up 连接起来 light up 照亮，点亮 hold up 举起，阻碍/延迟 fix up:整理，安排/提供 tear up 撕毁,取消合同 open