百年名校河南大学新视野英语教程1 unit3.doc

河南大学大学外语教学部教案 首页课程名称新视野大学英语 教学时间2006年10月-2007年元月教学地点金明校区14# 215，202 教学对象2006级班 别1，2，3，4， 听课人数课程类型必修课 （）校级公共课 选修课限选课（）；任选课（ ）授课方式课堂讲授（）；实践课（ ）考核方式考试（）；考查（ ）学时分配课堂讲授 56 学时； 实践课 学时教材名称新视野大学英语 读写教程（1）作者郑树棠出版社及出版时间外语教学与研究出版社2003年教后记1Ss vocabularies will be enlarged 2. Ss reading ability will be enhanced greatly3. Ss speaking ability and writing ability will be enhanced to some extend.教学目的A. To help students enhance their reading and writing ability；B. To help students increase the speaking ability (e.g say sth. about food, online education); C. To have students know sth. about translation.教学内容 New Horizon College English， Book 1 A. Section A as intensive reading;B. Exercises as the enforcement of language points;C. Section B as extensive reading; D. Practice of writing. 教学方法A. Students Online learning is combined with teachers instruction;B. Communicative teaching method is combined with traditional methods;C. Multi-media is used to enhance Ss listening ability;D. Ss are encouraged to self-study. 教学重点A. The important points are to enhance Ss writing ability;B. Section A is delivered elaborately;C. Ss vocabularies are enlarged by asking Ss to remember prefixes and suffixes.D. The usage of verbs in section A is explained carefully教学难点A. To enhance Ss writing ability, because they lack writing skill.B. To enhance Ss speaking ability, because they have no opportunity to speak English.制定参考书大学英语四、六级模拟试题 牛津高阶双解英汉词典新英汉词典 英语学习新视野大学英语 综合训练 1 任课教师刘兴沛职称助 教河南大学大学外语教学部教案周 次第 周，第 次课授课时间2006年 月 日/ 日单元名称Unit 3 Section A A Good Heart to Lean On 授课方式课堂讲授（），实践课（）教学时数2时间分配授课要点教学内容的重点和难点Objectives: 1. To learn the target words and expressions in the text; 2. To learn sth. about what is the true love between two lovers; 3. To understand the structure of the text.4. To grasp the usage of following phrases: make it subject to now that in some way break out on leave see to Teaching procedure:(1) Review. (2) Explain the target words and expressions. (3) Say something about background knowledge. (4) Give a brief introduction to the text (5) Discourse apprehension 70 minutesImportant points Language points （语言点） And when I came home on leave, he saw to it that I visited his office. 10 minutesDifficult points The usage of words: lean severe coordinate10minutes教学内容的深化和拓展 Cultural notes: Say sth. about the deep caring in daily lifeSupplementation materials1. Some CET4 items are to be inserted into the explanation of new words.2. Useful sentences for writing are to inserted into the explanation of new words. 10minutes本单元的教学手段The multimedia means is combined with teachers explanation.师生活动设计 1.Teacher says one sentence in Chinese and Ss translate it in English using the new words and expressions in this unit; 2. Teacher asks some questions about text and Ss answer them. 作 业1. Try to remember new words; 2. Preview the text of Section A;3. Topic “The Love in Daily Life”.I. Introduce oneself II. Explain the target words and expressions.A. Lead the students read the text or let the students read new words after CD-ROM.B. Explain some useful words1. lean vi. (1). rest on sth. in a listing position for support 倚；靠There is a ladder leaning against the wall.有一架梯子靠在墙上。The old man leaned upon his stick.那位老人倚着拐杖。Notice that lean is used with the preposition on. To rely for assistance or support, 依靠依靠以获取帮助或支持Lean on me for help. 依赖我的帮助They always lean on us when they are in trouble. 他们有困难时总寻求我们的支持。(2). be in a listing position; bend 倾斜；倾向；偏向Lean against the railing. 倚在栏杆上Dont lean out of the window. 别把身子探出窗外。Just lean forward for a moment, please. 请向前靠一会儿。2. balancen. (1). even sharing of weight; even; equal 平衡；均衡a good sense of balance 良好的平衡感He lost his balance and fell over. 他失去平衡,所以跌倒。Its difficult to keep ones balance on an icy street.在结冰的街道上保持平衡是不容易的。(2)condition that exists when two opposites are equal or in even lots or percents 均势, 平衡keep / achieve a good balance in some aspects 在某方面保持良好的平衡Try to achieve a better balance between work and play.要努力使工作和娱乐更好地平衡。v.(1). (cause to) be even and keep in balance (使) 平衡, (使) 均衡When you ride a bicycle you must learn to balance. 学骑自行车必须学会保持平衡。(2). consider in relation to something else; compare 权衡；比较You have to balance the positive points of living in a big city against the negative ones. 你必须权衡居住在大城市的利和弊。l in the balance: in an undetermined and often critical position悬而未决；紧要关头处于未确定的或经常是关键性的位置（命运）未定，在危急中；不确定Though her life was in the balance, she thought only of the safety of her fellows.尽管她生命危急,但她一心只想着她伙伴们的安全。Resolution of these matters is still in the balance. 这些事情的结果尚未可知on balance: taking everything into consideration; all in all.总的来说,将一切事情考虑在内；包括一切地Their suggestion has, on balance, proved practicable.总的说来,他们的建议已被证明是可行的。3. severea. 1. very bad, intense, difficult, etc 非常恶劣的；紧张的；困难的a severe storm 猛烈的暴风雨 a severe attack of toothache 牙痛的剧烈发作The dry spell is becoming more and more severe.旱灾日益严重。2. strict or hard in thinking or treatment; using strict discipline 严格的；严肃的；a severe punishment 严厉的惩罚 a severe master 苛刻的主人Was the judge too severe on the thief? 法官对小偷太严厉了吗？l be severe upon on sb. 对某人很严厉 severelyad.in a severe or strict way 严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地severely damaged 严重损坏 punish sb. severely 严厉惩罚某人Dangerous driving should be severely punished. 危险驾驶应该受到严厉处罚。4. cripple vt.1. make a person unable to walk or move properly because of damage to the back or legs 使跛；使残废crippled by disease 因患疾病而跛足的He has been crippled with pain. 他因疼痛而走路一瘸一拐。She was crippled in the car accident. 她在汽车出事时把腿伤成了残废。2. damage or reduce the strength of (sth.) seriously 严重地损坏；削弱be financially crippled 财政拮据The ship was crippled by a storm. 这只船被暴风雨严重损坏了。The business has been crippled by losses.这个公司由于亏损而停业。n. C someone who is unable to use one or more of his body parts, esp. the legs 伤残人(或动物) be a cripple for life 成终生残疾 He that lives with cripples learns to limp. 近朱者赤, 近墨者黑。5. inwarda.(1). located within; inside (esp. in the mind or spirit) 在内的；内部的（尤指在头脑中、精神上）inward doubts 内心的怀疑 inward nature /thoughts内在性情/内心的思想inward nature of a thing 事物的本质(2). turned toward the inside 向内的an inward curve 向内的弧线, 内弯Her words were inward and indistinct when she was in a state of half unconsciousness.她处于半昏迷状态时,她说话的声音低沉,模糊不清。 inwardlyad.in mind or spirit 内心或精神方面She was sad inwardly.她不把痛苦表现出来。He is rotten inwardly. 他变质了。6. halt v.stop; interrupt 暂停；中断；中止Halt! Who goes there? 站住!谁?No one can halt the advance of history. 谁也阻挡不了历史的前进。Work was halted when the machine broke down. 机器出故障时，工作停了下来。n. a stop or pause 暂停；中断；中止The car came to a halt in time to prevent an accident. 汽车及时刹住, 避免了一场事故。Production was brought to a halt by a strike. 由于罢工, 生产停顿了。7. impatient a. 1. unable to deal calmly with sth./sb. or to wait for sth.; easily annoyed by sb./sth.; not patient 不能冷静地对待或等待的；易烦躁的；不耐心的They are growing impatient. 他们渐渐不耐烦了。Dont be so impatient! The bus will be here soon.别这样不耐烦！公共汽车很快就来。2. very eager to do sth. or for sth. to happen; anxious 急切的；渴望的The children were impatient to start a journey 孩子们急于动身去旅行He is impatient to know whether he has passed the final examinations or not.他急于想知道他的期末考试是否都及格了。 be impatient for 急切盼望 be impatient of 不能忍受be impatient at 不能忍受 be impatient with 因.而不耐烦8. pace n.1. speed, esp. of walking or running （尤指走或跑的）速度quicken ones pace 加快步伐 at the pace of three miles an hour 以每小时3 英里的速度She slowed down her pace so I could keep up with her.她放慢了速度，以便我能跟上她。2. speed of progress or development, esp. of an activity 进步或发展的速度（尤指某项活动的速度）The book lacks pace. 这部小说情节发展太慢。The pace of change in the computer industry is very fast. / The computer industry develops at a good pace. 计算机工业发展变化速度很快。vi. walk with slow, regular, even steps 踱步, 慢步走pace up and down 走来走去(尤指由于烦躁、焦虑等)The policeman paced up and down the street. 警察在街上踱来踱去。 keep pace（常与with连用）跟上，与同步；并驾齐驱keep pace with sb./sth. 与某人某物齐步前进, 跟上某人某物Are wages keeping pace with inflation? 工资的提高能否与通货膨胀同步？try sb.s paces 试某人本领show ones paces (马)显示速度步法; 喻显出自己的本领9. adjust v.1.(to) become or make suited (to new conditions); to change 使适应（新环境）；适应 adjust oneself to 适应You should adjust yourself to college life as soon as possible. 你们应该尽快地适应大学生活。He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.他使自己很快适应了这个国家炎热的气候。2. (to) change (sth.) by a small bit so that it will fit or be right for use; make regular 调整；校准；调准adjust my watch 校准我的表 adjust the focus of a camera 调整照相机的焦距My eye glasses need adjusting. 我的眼镜需要校准。Cf都含“适合”、“适应”的意思。 adapt指“修改或改变以适应新条件”, 如:You should adapt yourself to the new environment. 你应该适应新环境。 adjust指“调整”、“调节”使之适应, 如:You cant see through the telescope until it is adjusted to your eyes.你把望远镜调节到适合你的目光之后, 你才看得见。 10. despite prep.without being influenced by (the points mentioned) 尽管; 不管remain modest despite ones achievements 尽管有成绩仍然保持谦虚They had a wonderful holiday, despite the bad weather.尽管天气不好，他们的假日仍然过得很愉快。 despite all that 尽管如此 (in)despite of . 不顾, 尽管, 任凭11. nasty a.1. unpleasant; horrible; disgusting 令人不快的；令人厌恶的nasty weather 令人厌恶的天气 a nasty smell 难闻的气味Things look nasty for me. 事情看来不妙。She could never forget that nasty sight. 她永远也忘不了那令人作呕的情景。2. unkind; hostile 不友善的；恶意的a nasty remark 恶毒的话 a nasty look 一付凶相What a nasty man! 真是个不怀好意的人！Dont be nasty to your little brother.不要对你的小弟弟太刻薄。 be nasty to sb. 跟某人闹别扭a nasty one 口严重的挫败; 令人不快的经历; 令人难堪的问题a nasty piece bit of work goods 讨厌的人, 卑鄙的人12. cling vi.1.(to) hold on tightly to sb./sth. 抱住；抓紧We clung together in the storm. 暴风中我们紧紧依偎。They clung to each other as they said goodbye. 他们告别时紧紧地拥抱在一起。They clung to one another for support. 他们互相紧抓住对方, 以相互支撑。2. (to) be unwilling to let go of sth.; refuse to give sth. up坚持；坚守；拒不放弃；抱定 cling to an idea 坚持一种观点 cling to outdated customs. 墨守陈规cling to a purpose 坚持目的 cling to the last hope 抱定最后希望，决不灰心She clung to the hope that he was still alive. 她抱定他仍然活着的希望。She still clings to the idea that her son is alive. 她仍抱着一个信念: 儿子还活着。Cf都含“粘着、“坚持的意思。 stick 系常用词, 指“好象用某种粘结物使粘着或结合在一起, 如:He always sticks to his word.他总是信守诺言。 adhere属正式用语, 语意比 stick强, 指“自动地或义务地忠于一理想、事业、领导人等, 如:adhere to the Partys policy坚持党的方针。 cohere指“粘合在一起、“团结一致, 如:There are moral principles by which society coheres.有些道德法则使社会得以团结一致。 cling 指“紧抱、“坚守,如:cling to ones own view.坚持己见。13. amazevt.fill (sb.) with great surprise or wonder 使大为惊讶；使惊愕Her knowledge amazes me. 她的学识令我吃惊。Notice that be amazed is used together with at or by.I was amazed at / by her calmness. 她的镇静自若令我吃惊。He amazed everyone by passing his driving test. 他通过了驾驶员考试而令大家非常惊讶。We were amazed at the change in how he looked. 我们对他外表的改变感到惊讶。But be amazed can also be followed by to-infinitive or that-clause. We were amazed to hear that she passed the test without much difficulty. 听说她轻而易举地通过了考试, 我们都很惊奇。I was amazed that you were leaving. 你要离开, 我很吃惊。 be amazed at (by) 对.大为惊奇be amazed to see / hear / find 看到,听到, 发现.感到吃惊If be amazed is complemented by a how-clause, use of the preposition at or by is a choice:You would be amazed (at / by) how difficult the job was. 你要是知道那件任务有多难, 你会大吃一惊的。Cf都含有“使.惊异” 的意思,而且它们都是一般以事物或他人作主语, 以本人作宾语; 以本人作主语时用被动形式。 amaze强调“使惊异, 困惑”间或还有“惊叹, 佩服”的意思, 是意义很强的词, 如:We were amazed at the ingenuity with which they solved their difficulties.他们在解决困难中所表现的智慧使我们惊叹佩服。 astonish表示“使人大吃一惊”、“几乎无法使人相信”, 但没有“惊叹”的意思, 如:I was astonished at his rudeness.他的粗野使 我大吃一惊。 surprise语气较上述两词弱, 只表示“出乎意外地惊异”, 如:We were surprised at finding the house empty.我们惊讶地发现房子是空的。14. stress n.1.demands or worry (resulting from mental or body problems, difficult situations, etc.) （由于精神、体力不适或困境等造成的）压力；忧虑；紧张the stresses and strains of modern life 现代生活的紧张和压力He suffered from great stress. 他受到很大压力。In fact, stress isnt a bad thing it is often supposed to be.事实上,压力并不像人们所认为的那样是一件坏事。2. special pushing or importance 强调；重视We must lay stress on self reliance. 我们必须强调自立更生。He feels that there is not enough stress on drawing at the school. 他认为学校对绘画重视不够。 lay place, put stress on 把重点放在.上; 在.上用力3. 【语】重音, 重读; 诗扬音Stress and rhythm are important in speaking English. 讲英语时重音及节奏都很重要。vt.1. give particular importance to; push 强调, 重视He stressed the need of careful planning. 他强调要精心计划。He stressed the point that we should be punctual. 他强调的一点是我们必须准时。2. give force to (a word or word-part) when speaking 重读, 读重音The word machine is stressed on its second syllable. machine这个词第二个音节读重音。15. complainvi.(about, of, & that clause) say that one is not satisfied, unhappy 抱怨；诉苦He complained about the food to me. 他向我抱怨饭菜不好。She complained to me about his bad manners. 她向我诉说他的粗暴无礼。She is always complaining about something. 她总是怨天尤人/满腹牢骚。They complained that the price of books had increased. 他们抱怨说书的价格高了。 When complain means say that one has a pain, illness, etc., the preposition of is usually used. He went to the doctor complaining of the difficulty in breathing. 他去找医生, 说自己呼吸有困难。The little boy complained of pains in his stomach. 那小孩直叫肚子疼。16. complaintn.1. the act of saying that one is not satisfied or unhappy 抱怨；诉苦complaint department 顾客意见接纳处You have no cause for complaint. 你没有理由诉苦。He poured out his complaints before me. 他在我面前倾诉苦衷。2.a report of lack of satisfaction 控告；投诉；抱怨She made a complaint about the noise. 她就噪音问题提出了投诉。If your neighbours are too noisy then you have cause for complaint.如果你的邻居太喧哗,你就有理由投诉。 He who makes constant complaint gets little compassion.谚经常诉苦， 少人同情。 lodge / make a complaint 提出不满意见， 对.提出控告lodge / make a complaint against 提出不满意见， 对.提出控告17. envy n.(of, at, towards) feeling of lack of worth caused by sb. elses good fortune or success, esp. when one wishes this for oneself 妒忌；羡慕He couldnt hide his envy at my success. 他无法掩饰对我成功的妒忌。His new car excited their envy. 他的新汽车令他们很羡慕。envy: After envy we can use prepositions of, at or towardsHe was filled with envy at my success. 他非常羡慕我的成功。He finds it difficult to hide his envy of his brothers success. 他很难掩饰对自己兄弟成功的妒忌。The word envy can also be used to mean object of envy (羡慕的目标). Their beautiful garden is the envy of all the neighbors.所有邻居都羡慕他们美丽的花园。vt.feel envy of (sb.) or at (sth.) 羡慕；妒忌How I envy you! 我真羡慕你!I have always envied your good luck. 我一直羡慕你运气好。 be in envy of sb.s success 羡慕某人的成功out of envy 出于忌妒羡慕 lost in envy 非常嫉妒better be envied than pitied 宁可让人妒忌, 不要让人怜悯green with envy 妒忌得面色发青, 非常妒忌 enviousa.(of) full of envy; feeling, showing or expressing envy 嫉妒的；羡慕的envious looks 忌妒的神情, 羡慕的眼光She was envious of her sisters beauty/ new fashionable dress. 她妒嫉妹妹的美貌/时髦的新衣服。She threw envious glances at her sisters dress. 她以羡慕的眼光看了几下她姐姐的那套衣服。 be envious of sb.for his success/ good fortune be envious of sb.s success / good fortune 忌妒/羡慕某人的成功/好运18. precise a.1. stated clearly and accurately 精确的；准确的；明白的；无误的to be precise 用作插入语确切地讲a precise record of events 对事件的准确记载The victim was able to give a precise description of the suspect.受害者能够清晰地描绘嫌疑犯。2. exact; particular 正好；就在at that precise moment 就在那个时刻It was found at the precise place where she had left it. 就在她丢下它的地方把它找到了。 precisely ad.exactly; just 准确地；精确地；正好；恰恰I cant remember precisely what happened. 我记不清发生了什么事。The two reports are precisely the same. 两个陈述一模一样。Precisely so. 正是这样。19. engage v.1. (in) (cause sb.) take part in or be occupied in sth. （使）从事；（使）忙于be engaged in business 经商He is engaged just now. 他正有事。I have no time to engage in telling stories. 我没有时间闲聊。2. employ sb.; hire sb. 雇用；聘用engage a new secretary 聘请新秘书She was engaged as a teacher. 她被聘作教师。We engage him as technical adviser. 我们聘请他担任技术顾问。Hes been engaged to paint the house. 他被雇来油漆这所房子。3. use or attract (sb.s thoughts, time, etc.) 使全神贯注；引起（注意）；占用（时间）Studying engages most of a serious students time.读书占用了认真学习的学生的大部分时间。His good nature engages everyone. 他善良的性情吸引每个人。Nothing engages his attention for long. 什么也不能长时间地吸引住他的注意力。The womans problem engaged our feelings. 那个妇女的困境引起了我们的同情。 be engaged with 正与.接洽; 正忙于, 从事be engaged in / be engage oneself in 正做着, 正忙着20. occasionn.1.C particular time (at which an event takes place)（事件发生的）特定时刻；时机 Ive met him on several occasions. 我曾经见过他几次。A birthday is no occasion for tears. 生日可不是哭鼻子的时候。2. C suitable or right time (for sth.); opportunity （适当的）时机；机会This is not an occasion for fun and games. 这可不是寻开心的时候。Ill buy one if the occasion arises. 如果有机会我就会买一个。l on occasion from time to time; now and then. 偶尔间断地；不时地on one occasion 曾经, 有一个时候on several occasions 屡次, 好几次on the first occasion 一有机会take / seize occasion to do 抓住.的好时机, 乘机.as occasion demands / requires 遇必要时as occasion serves 一有适当的时机as occasion offers 有机会时, 机会到来时21. punch v.1. strike (sb./sth.) hard with the fist 用拳猛击punch a man in the face 用拳猛击某人的脸He punched