表语从句课件.doc

什么叫名词性从句？ 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses） 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句subject clause 宾语从句object clause 表语从句predicative clause 和同位语从句 appositive clause 总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。所有名词性从句要有且仅有一个引导词，除宾语从句的that外其他均不能省略。其结构为引导词+陈述语序Predicative Clauses 表语从句表语从句的定义：表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语。表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。连接词：that / whether /as if /as though 连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词：when / where / why / how / because 引导词的用法（一）that在表语从句中 既不充当成分 ,又 没有意义 。The fact is that he hasnt yet recover from illness. The reason why he has to go is that his mother is ill in bed.引导词的用法（二） whether在表语从句中表 “是否” ,但不充当句子的成分。if 不能 引导表语从句.如: 1.What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.2. The question is whether it is worth doing.引导词的用法（三）what 在表语从句中充当_主语、宾语或表语_ 表示_什么，什么样子，或所的（人或事）_.1. The question is what caused the accident. 2. That mountain is no longer what it used to be .3. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.引导词的用法（四）who 在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语_表示_谁_.1. The problem is who could do the work2. My trouble is who (whom) I can turn to.引导词的用法（五） which 在引导表语从句时,常充当_定语,表语_ 表示 其中哪一个 。如： I read about it in some book or another,but what I dont know is which (book) it is. 引导词的用法（六）由as if ,as though引导表语从句，表示好像。句子中的系动词常用look, appear, seem等。1. It looks as if it was doing to rain.2.The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl. 引导词的用法（七）当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用that来引导_,而不能由because_ 引导; because 引导表语从句时只能用于It/That/This is /was because_句型中. 1.The reason why I was late was that I missed the train.2. I was late. It/That/This was because I missed the train.引导词的用法（八）当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备，但是还是要表示疑问含义，可以判断句子中缺少状语，常常用相应的特殊疑问词引导，有why, when, where, how等This is how he did it.That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet.Thats why weve given you the letter.引导词的用法（九）其他连词as if, because, as, as though 引导的表语从句 because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”结构中。 as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door. My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time.表语从句引导词注意事项1. that引导表语从句时不能省.2. if不能引导表语从句.3.除that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。4. 除that, whether外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当相应的成分 名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句主语名词常常是表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact, truth 表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词，如：idea, opinion, belief, view, news, advice, feeling, suggestion, plan, trouble