进行时态.doc

2. 进行时态 2.1 现在进行时 基本构成：am /is /are +doing1) 表示说话时正在进行的动作A.- Hi, what are you doing? -Im doing my laundry.B.-The phone is ringing.-Ill get it.2) 表示现阶段持续的动作A-What are you doing recently? -Im working on a new project.B-Where are you living? -Im living near the train station, and will move to the suburb next month.3) 表示变化的过程，用于含“改变”意义的词A. Lets hurry up. Its getting dark.B. Their attitude toward this issue is changing.C. His America dream is coming true.Get, change, come, become, grow.用现在进行时表示一个过程。4） 表示将来确定的安排A. Im getting married next month.B. Were watching movies tonight. Ive already got the tickets.C. 有明显的时间状语，与be going to 相比，有更加确定会发生的意义。练习：1. They trees along the road these days.A. plant B.are planing C.planted D.have planted2. Listen! Mat piano in his room now.A. plays B.is playing C.being play the D.is playing the 3. He abroad in a few days.A. is going B.goes C.can go D.went2.2 过去进行时基本构成：was/were +doing 1) 表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作A. What were you doing at 10am last Friday?B. He was working overtime last night at the same time.C. I was doing my homework when the telephone rang.D. She was so scared because someone was following her.(上下文语境)2） 表示过去某个阶段持续的动作A. From 2001 to 2005, I was working for ABC company.B. They were preparing for the exam last month.C. He was thinking of you all those days.D. During that period, I wasnt doing anything.3） 表示过去将来时间的动作（参考1.4-3一般过去将来时）4） 描绘景象，设置故事背景A. It was getting dark. The boy was playing football with his classmates on the playground. Suddenly.B. It was raining. The old servant was sitting at the window and watching people on the street. All of a sudden.5） 口语中用来表达婉转语气A. I was wondering if you could let me know the details.(和wonder 对比)B. I was hoping that you would like to lend me your book.C. I was thinking that maybe you could go there by bus.6) 过去进行时与一般过去时A. 一般过去时-动作已完成，过去进行时-动作在持续。 He wrote a letter to his father last night. He was writing a letter to his father last night.B. 一般过去时-一次动作，过去进行时-反复动作。 She waved to me. She was waving to me.1. As she the dinner, her son asleep.A.cook; was falling B.was cooking; fellC.Cooked; fell D.was cooking; was falling2. The first time I met Jane was last winter. She as a receptionist at the time.A.has worked B.was working C.had been working D.would work3. The cake by my mother this morning. Would you like to have some?A.was making B.was being made C.made D.was made2.3 将来进行时 基本构成：will be +doing1) 表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作A. We will be flying to London next Monday.B. This time tomorrow we will be sitting in the classroom and having English class.C. Do you think you will be working here in two years time?2) 口语中可表示将来计划好的事情A. Ill be meeting my dentist tomorrow afternoon.B. He will be taking his final exam next week.C. Mr.Park will be giving a speech at ceremony.表示将来计划好的事，一般可与现在进行时互换，区别不太大。3） 口语中表示礼貌委婉/客观描述，与will do 区别开来A. How long will you be staying here?B. How long will you stay here?C. When will you be returning the book?D. When will you return the book?E. He will not be sending the paper to you.F. He will not send the paper to you.练习1. You cant miss him. He a black suit and white shirt waiting for you.A. is wearing B.will wear C.wears D.will be wearing2. I can take these books to Mr.Smiths office for sure. I a meeting with him at 2pm today. A.can have B.will have C. will be having D.may have2.4 过去将来进行时基本构成：would be+doing从过去视角看将来正在进行的动作A. I think James will be taking care of this issue.B. I thought James would be taking care of this issue.C. He doesnt know when she will be seeing him again.D. He didnt know when she would be seeing him again.3. 完成时态 3.1 现在完成时 基本构成：have /has +done1) 表示过去的动作或状态一直延续到现在（有可能刚刚结束，也有可能会持续下去）特点：A. I have been a teacher for 10 years.B. He has been in love for 5years.C. The old lady has lived here for over 30 years. 动词需要有延续性 通常会跟延续性的时间状语 错：He has fallen asleep for 3 hours.对：He has been asleep for 3 hours.错：She has married for over 3 years.对：She has been married for over 3 years. Since +时间/从句 He has taught us English since 2010. I have worked in this company since I graduated from school.(since 后动词多数为短暂、一般过去时) Its been 2 years since I worked in this company.(特殊：延续动词.意思不一样)Its been 2 years since I was in this school.(同上) 离开的意思，用完成时态可表示在某地呆了多久For +时间段Until now/so far/ up until now.In / over /during/ for +the last /past several months /years.2) 表示动作在过去已经完成，并没有延续到现在，对现在有影响（通常没有延续性时间状语）A. I have lost my mobile phone.B. Tom has cleaned his room.C. The elevator has broken down.D. -Have you had your lunch yet? -Yes, I have.经常与just, already, yet （只限于疑问，否定句中），never，lately，ever等时间状语连用Have you ever worked in a cafe?Has it stopped snowing yet?He has already arrived.现在完成时与一般过去时A,有明确的 过去时间，通常只用一般过去时I finished the report last Friday.She was here 1 hour ago.I had my lunch at 1 pm yesterday.B.如果时间状语不明确，现在完成时用来表达对现在的影响，一般过去时纯粹说明过去，与现在无关。 I have had my hair cut. I had my hair cut. I have just had my lunch in the new restaurant. I had my lunch in the new restaurant.4） 其它 Have been to (人已经去过，人回来了)&have gone to （去了还没回来） I have been to Europe many times.He has gone to Europe.Who has been here?Where has Lily gone?Have got & haveHave you got a laptop?Ive got a bad headache.Ive got a few things to talk about.He hasnt got any idea about the problem. Have got to & have toYouve got to be careful.Ive got to go.Youve got to keep an eye on it.This is what we (have) got to do.D) 特殊句式下的出现 This is the first time that I have come to Paris. It is the 3rd cup of coffee that I have drunk this afternoon. This is the best movie that I have ever watched. This/it /That +序数词 / 最高级+名词+that 从句E) 时间或条件句中代替将来完成时 I will write a summary when I have finished the report. I will go to see you when I have finished my work. If he hasnt got up, please dont wake him. Dont move on unless you have already prepared well.练习1. Hes (live) here ever since he was eight.2. They （be）in Singapore for 10 days.3. They (go) to HongKong 10 days ago.4. -Are you tired? -No, I just (have) some sleep.5. This is the first time that I (come) to Shanghai.6. Youre the best doctor I ever (meet).7. I will return the book to him when I (receive) your message.3.2 过去完成时 基本构成：had +done 1) 站在“过去”回顾“更远的过去”，通常上下文中需有明确的一般过去时作为参考点A. He has lived here for 10 years.B. He had lived here for 10 years when I moved in.2) 动作或状态起始于“过去的过去”，到某一个“过去”时间点刚刚停止或有可能继续延续下去A. She had been a teacher for 30 years when she retired.B. I had waited for him for over 3 hours when he finally showed up.C. He had studied English for 6 years when he entered college.D. We had collected 1000 stories by the end of last month.3) 动作或状态起始于“过去的过去”，到某一个“过去”时间点之前已经停止 （通常为短暂动作）A. I had finished my report before they came.B. When I arrived Jack had just left.C. She had just entered her room before the telephone rang.D. The baby had fallen asleep when we went into the room.4) It/ that +序数词/最高级+名词+that 从句A. That was the first time that I had come to Paris.B. It was the 3rd cup of office that I had drunk that afternoon.C. That was the best movie that I had ever watched.D. That was the earliest job I had ever had.5) 表示过去未能实现的想法、愿望A. I had hoped that we would leave tomorrow, but its beginning to look different.B. I had planned to leave earlier but he wouldnt let me go.C. He had intended to see you off at the airport, but he was stuck by something else.常见词：Hope, plan,intend, mean, want ,suppose, think, wish.练习1. He in Beijing Normal University for 4 years before he abroad.A. Studied, had gone B. had studied, wentB. has studied,goes D. had studied,had gone2. Mary said she Thailand for 5 months. A.has been in B.had been in C.had been to D.had gone to 3.We (paint ) the house before we (move) in.4.He asked me during the summer holiday. A.where I had been B.where I had gone C.where had I been D.where had I gone.5.It was the second time that I ( hear) the story.6.I (plan ) to meet you in person, but I didnt catch the train.非谓语动词练习题1. Mr.Green stood up in defense of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one .A. blamed B.blaming C.to blame D. to be blamed2. It remains whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals.A. seen B.to be seen C.seeing D.to see3. When different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.A. compared B.