考研英语例证题方法ppt课件

考研英语阅读理解 1 2000passage2 1 微观阅读技巧 标点符号的运用2 例证题解题方法 2 2000passage2 55 Whatusedtobethedangerinbeingamanaccordingtothefirstparagraph 56 WhatdoestheexampleofIndiaillustrate 57 Theauthorarguesthatourbodieshavestoppedevolvingbecause 58 Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage 3 Beingamanhasalwaysbeendangerous Thereareabout105malesbornforevery100females butthisratiodropstonearbalanceattheageofmaturity andamong70 year oldstherearetwiceasmanywomenasmen Butthegreatuniversalofmalemortalityisbeingchanged Now boybabiessurvivealmostaswellasgirlsdo 55 Whatusedtobethedangerinbeingamanaccordingtothefirstparagraph A Alackofmates B Afiercecompetition C Alowersurvivalrate D Adefectivegene 4 Thismeansthat forthefirsttime therewillbeanexcessofboysinthosecrucialyearswhentheyaresearchingforamate Moreimportant anotherchancefornaturalselectionhasbeenremoved Fiftyyearsago thechanceofababy particularlyaboybaby survivingdependedonitsweight Akilogramtoolightortooheavymeantalmostcertaindeath Todayitmakesalmostnodifference Sincemuchofthevariationisduetogenes onemoreagentofevolutionhasgone 5 2段Thereisanotherwaytocommitevolutionarysuicide stayalive buthavefewerchildren Fewpeopleareasfertileasinthepast Exceptinsomereligiouscommunities veryfewwomenhas15children Nowadaysthenumberofbirths liketheageofdeath hasbecomeaverage Mostofushaveroughlythesamenumberofoffspring 6 专题讲解之标点符号的运用 7 逗号 两个逗号之间 或一个逗号之后为补充说明的成分 非主干 8 逗号 两个逗号之间 或一个逗号之后为补充说明的成分 是非主干 00 12段 themakingofsemiconductors whichAmericahadinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputerage wasgoingtobethenextcasualty 96 51段 Scientific creationism whichisbeingpushedbysomefor equaltime intheclassroomswheneverthescientificaccountsofevolutionaregiven isbasedonreligion notscience 9 冒号 冒号前后 一般是从抽象到具体 冒号后面的内容解释前面的内容 10 冒号 冒号前后 一般是从抽象到具体 冒号后面的内容解释前面的内容 97 360 Theword pervasive line1 paragraph2 mightmean A widespread B overwhelming C piercing D fashionable Weliveinasocietyinwhichthemedicinalandsocialuseofsubstances drugs ispervasive anaspirintoquietaheadache somewinetobesociable coffeetogetgoinginthemorning acigaretteforthenerves 11 冒号 冒号前后 一般是从抽象到具体 冒号后面的内容解释前面的内容 07 430 36 Thestatement Itneverrainsbutitpours isusedtointroduce A thefiercebusinesscompetition B thefeebleboss boardrelations C thethreatfromnewsreports D theseverityofdataleakage Itneverrainsbutitpours Justasbossesandboardshavefinallysortedouttheirworstaccountingandcompliancetroubles andimprovedtheirfeeblecorporationgovernance anewproblemthreatenstoearnthem especiallyinAmerica thesortofnastyheadlinesthatinevitablyleadtoheadsrollingintheexecutivesuite datainsecurity 12 分号 分号前后为并列关系 13 分号 分号前后为并列关系 03 42段Deathisnormal wearegeneticallyprogrammedtodisintegrateandperish evenunderidealconditions 00 22段Forus thismeansthatevolutionisover thebiologicalUtopiahasarrived 14 分号 分号前后为并列关系 69 Thesentence Thisisnoflashinthepan line4 paragraph3 meansthat A thelowinflationratewilllastforsometime B theinflationratewillsoonrise C theinflationwilldisappearquickly D thereisnoinflationatpresent 97 53段Thisisnoflashinthepan overthepastcoupleofyears inflationhasbeenconsistentlylowerthanexpectedinBritainandAmerica 15 引号 1 引用2 反语或语意转移 16 引号 1 引用2 反语或语义转移 96 51段 Scientific creationism whichisbeingpushedbysomefor equaltime intheclassroomswheneverthescientificaccountsofevolutionaregiven isbasedonreligion notscience 67 Creationism inthepassagerefersto A evolutioninitstruesenseastotheoriginoftheuniverse B anotionofthecreationofreligion C thescientificexplanationoftheearthformation D thedeceptivetheoryabouttheoriginoftheuniverse 17 97 153 WhenLloydNicksondies hewill A facehisdeathwithcalmcharacteristicofeuthanasia B experiencethesufferingofalungcancerpatient C haveanintensefearofterriblesuffering D undergoacoolingoffperiodofsevendays Thepatientmustbediagnosedasterminallyillbytwodoctors Aftera coolingoff periodofsevendays thepatientcansignacertificateofrequest After48hoursthewishfordeathcanbemet ForLloydNickson a54 year oldDarwin 18 08 4Foronething theSouthcouldnotaffordtopartwithitsslaves Owningslaveswas likehavingalargebankaccount saysWiencek authorofAnImperfectGod GeorgeWashington HisSlaves andtheCreationofAmerica ThesouthernstateswouldnothavesignedtheConstitutionwithoutprotectionsforthe peculiarinstitution includingaclausethatcountedaslaveasthreefifthsofamanforpurposesofcongressionalrepresentation 39 Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext A SomeFoundingFathersbenefitpoliticallyfromslavery B Slavesintheolddaysdidnothavetherighttovote C Slaveownersusuallyhadlargesavingsaccounts D Slaverywasregardedasapeculiarinstitution 19 08 4Foronething theSouthcouldnotaffordtopartwithitsslaves Owningslaveswas likehavingalargebankaccount saysWiencek authorofAnImperfectGod GeorgeWashington HisSlaves andtheCreationofAmerica ThesouthernstateswouldnothavesignedtheConstitutionwithoutprotectionsforthe peculiarinstitution includingaclausethatcountedaslaveasthreefifthsofamanforpurposesofcongressionalrepresentation 39 Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext A SomeFoundingFathersbenefitpoliticallyfromslavery B Slavesintheolddaysdidnothavetherighttovote C Slaveownersusuallyhadlargesavingsaccounts D Slaverywasregardedasapeculiarinstitution 20 2000passage22段 21 2段Thereisanotherwaytocommitevolutionarysuicide stayalive buthavefewerchildren Fewpeopleareasfertileasinthepast Exceptinsomereligiouscommunities veryfewwomenhas15children Nowadaysthenumberofbirths liketheageofdeath hasbecomeaverage Mostofushaveroughlythesamenumberofoffspring 22 56 WhatdoestheexampleofIndiaillustrate A Wealthypeopletendtohavefewerchildrenthanpoorpeople B Naturalselectionhardlyworksamongtherichandthepoor C Themiddleclasspopulationis80 smallerthanthatofthetribes D Indiaisoneofthecountrieswithaveryhighbirthrate Again differencesbetweenpeopleandtheopportunityfornaturalselectiontotakeadvantageofithavediminished Indiashowswhatishappening Thecountryofferswealthforafewinthegreatcitiesandpovertyfortheremainingtribalpeoples Thegrandmediocrityoftoday everyonebeingthesameinsurvivalandnumberofoffspring meansthatnaturalselectionhaslost80 ofitspowerinupper middle classIndiacomparedtothetribes 23 例证题 1 标志 examplecaseillustratedemonstratetoshowto 24 例证题 1 标志 examplecaseillustratedemonstratetoshowto 2 例子本身不重要 重要的是例子所支持的观点 观点一般在例子前 有时也在例子后 25 例证题 1 标志 examplecaseillustratedemonstratetoshowto 2 例子本身不重要 重要的是例子所支持的观点 观点一般在例子前 有时也在例子后 3 干扰选项 就事论事 26 56 WhatdoestheexampleofIndiaillustrate A Wealthypeopletendtohavefewerchildrenthanpoorpeople B Naturalselectionhardlyworksamongtherichandthepoor C Themiddleclasspopulationis80 smallerthanthatofthetribes D Indiaisoneofthecountrieswithaveryhighbirthrate Again differencesbetweenpeopleandtheopportunityfornaturalselectiontotakeadvantageofithavediminished Indiashowswhatishappening Thecountryofferswealthforafewinthegreatcitiesandpovertyfortheremainingtribalpeoples Thegrandmediocrityoftoday everyonebeingthesameinsurvivalandnumberofoffspring meansthatnaturalselectionhaslost80 ofitspowerinupper middle classIndiacomparedtothetribes 27 历年真题中的案例 28 99 153 ThecaseofSchutthelmetdemonstratedthat A someinjuryclaimswerenolongersupportedbylaw B helmetswerenotdesignedtopreventinjuries C productlabelswouldeventuallybediscarded D somesportsgamesmightlosepopularitywithathletes 1段It saroughworldoutthere Stepoutsideandyoucouldbreakalegslippingonyourdoormat Lightupthestoveandyoucouldburndownthehouse Luckily ifthedoormatorstovefailedtowarnofcomingdisaster asuccessfullawsuitmightcompensateyouforyourtroubles Orsothethinkinghasgonesincetheearly1980s whenjuriesbeganholdingmorecompaniesliablefortheircustomers misfortunes 29 99 153 ThecaseofSchutthelmetdemonstratedthat A someinjuryclaimswerenolongersupportedbylaw B helmetswerenotdesignedtopreventinjuries C productlabelswouldeventuallybediscarded D somesportsgamesmightlosepopularitywithathletes 2段Feelingthreatened companiesrespondedbywritingever longerwarninglabels tryingtoanticipateeverypossibleaccident Today stepladderscarrylabelsseveralincheslongthatwarn amongotherthings thatyoumight surprise falloff Thelabelonachild sBatmancapecautionsthatthetoy doesnotenableusertofly 30 99 153 ThecaseofSchutthelmetdemonstratedthat A someinjuryclaimswerenolongersupportedbylaw B helmetswerenotdesignedtopreventinjuries C productlabelswouldeventuallybediscarded D somesportsgamesmightlosepopularitywithathletes 4段Nowthetideappearstobeturning Aspersonalinjuryclaimscontinueasbefore somecourtsarebeginningtosidewithdefendants especiallyincaseswhereawarninglabelprobablywouldn thavechangedanything InMay JulieNimmons presidentofSchuttSportsinIllinois successfullyfoughtalawsuitinvolvingafootballplayerwhowasparalyzedinagamewhilewearingaSchutthelmet We rereallysorryhehas 31 99 567 TheauthorwantstoprovewiththeexampleofIsaacNewtonthat A inquiringmindsaremoreimportantthanscientificexperiments B scienceadvanceswhenfruitfulresearchesareconducted C scientistsseldomforgettheessentialnatureofresearch D unpredictabilityweighslessthanpredictioninscientificresearch 1段Science inpractice dependsfarlessontheexperimentsitpreparesthanonthepreparednessofthemindsofthemenwhowatchtheexperiments SirIsaacNewtonsupposedlydiscoveredgravitythroughthefallofanapple Appleshadbeenfallinginmanyplaces 32 01 257 ThewritermentionedthecaseoftheUnitedStatestojustifythepolicyof A providingfinancialsupportoverseas B preventingforeigncapital scontrol C buildingindustrialinfrastructure D acceptingforeigninvestment 4段Totakeadvantageofthistool someimpoverishedcountrieswillhavetogetovertheiroutdatedanti colonialprejudiceswithrespecttoforeigninvestment Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure thebasicstructuralfoundationsofasociety intheUnitedStates WhentheUnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrialinfrastructure 33 例证题 1 标志 examplecaseillustratedemonstratetoshowto 2 例子本身不重要 重要的是例子所支持的观点 观点一般在例子前 有时也在例子后 3 干扰选项 就事论事 34 2000passage23段 35 57 Theauthorarguesthatourbodieshavestoppedevolvingbecause A lifehasbeenimprovedbytechnologicaladvance B thenumberoffemalebabieshasbeendeclining C ourspecieshasreachedthehigheststageofevolution D thedifferencebetweenwealthandpovertyisdisappearing 3段Forus thismeansthatevolutionisover thebiologicalUtopiahasarrived Strangely ithasinvolvedlittlephysicalchange Nootherspeciesfillssomanyplac