2020版高考英语二轮复习专题二阅读七选五行文结构分类练（一）（含解析）.docx

阅读七选五 行文结构分类练(一) A(2019绍兴模拟)What happens when you want to go from one place to another, but theres water in the way? Thats the problem people faced for hundreds of years in the area that is now New York City. In the city, there is a natural canal (运河) called the Narrows, separating Brooklyn on one side from Staten Island on the other.But the Narrows isnt really so narrow. The water is almost a mile wide, and its more than 100 feet deep. _1_ When they wanted to talk to each other, they climbed into their boats and sailed across.By the late 1800s, circumstances had changed dramatically. Population growth meant there were now many people needing to travel between Staten Island and Brooklyn for work. _2_Between 1888 and 1920 there were two major efforts to build a train tunnel to connect the areas. _3_ Proposals to build a connecting bridge made during the 1910s also ended in failure due to opposition from the US Navy.Finally, after World War ， there were so many people living in New York City that leaders decided Brooklyn and Staten Island needed a direct connection. Since tunnels were too expensive, they decided to build a bridge. The design selected had two separate roadways stacked (叠放) on top of each other. _4_ Construction, which took five years, was completed in 1964 and cost D|S320 million. Today about 190,000 cars and trucks cross the bridge every day._5_ But in the case of the Narrows, figuring out a good solution took hundreds of years.ASometimes getting from one place to another is very easy.BBoth were quickly abandoned however due to the high costs involved.CNeither road was large enough to satisfy the existing transport demands.DIt was anticipated that the new train system would help the areas grow even faster.ETaking a boat every time was very slow, expensive and, in bad weather, unreliable.FBoth would hang in the air from thick steel cables, supported by two giant steel towers.GFor a long time that wasnt a problem, because only a few people lived in Brooklyn and Staten Island.语篇解读：本文主要讲了纽约市The Narrows两岸的交通问题的解决。1选G根据空前一句“The water is almost a mile wide, and its more than 100 feet deep.”和空后一句“When they wanted to . and sailed across.”可推知，G项“很长时间以来那不是一个问题，因为只有少数人住在Brooklyn和Staten Island”符合语境，所以选G项。2选E空前一句是说人口增长意味着有许多人为了工作奔波于两地之间，根据空处下一段可知，人们想要建造一个火车隧道来连接两地；由此可推知，空处应是说乘船往返于两地的缺点，所以选E项。3选B根据空前一句中的“two major efforts”和空后一句“Proposals to build a connecting bridge made during the 1910s also ended in failure due to opposition from the US Navy.”可知，空处应该是讲两次努力都没有成功，故选B项。4选F根据空前一句中的“two separate roadways stacked (叠放) on top of each other”可知，F项中的“Both”与之呼应，且F项的句意与语境相符，故选F项。5选A根据空后的转折句“But in the case of the Narrows, figuring out a good solution took hundreds of years.”可知，空处的句子应与此句形成逻辑上的转折关系，所以A项“有时从一个地方到另一个地方是很容易的”符合语境。B(2019济宁模拟)College life is colorful. _1_ However college students have a burden of studying. How do they manage to complete a huge number of assignments and still find the time to have fun? Here are some effective time management tips that can be used outside of college._2_ Lets say, your friend is sick and misses a very important class. You can help him by telling something youve learned there and lending him your notes. Next time you have no time to read a book you need to read and this very friend can retell it to you highlighting the key points.Use technologies. Many modern students can back up the fact that technologies make studying easier and faster. You dont always have to waste time to go to a library when you can find everything online. You can save time on calculating things and solving different problems. _3_ Using technologies for work is also a must if you want to improve your productivity.Give yourself a treat. _4_ For example, if you have a task for an hour, promise yourself to have coffee and biscuits if you manage to do that in time. _5_All in all, college time is a very special period when you learn a lot of things including time management techniques. If you take them seriously, you can use them in your future and make your work and life more productive and organized.AHelp each other.BHelp to take notes.CThere are many fun things to do.DYou can see many colorful things.EThere are now many apps for that.FIt is a nice motivation to be productive.GYou can give yourself some small treats for finishing small tasks.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大学生有效管理时间的技巧。1选C根据空前一句“College life is colorful.”可知，大学生活是丰富多彩的，并由与下文中的“How do they manage to complete a huge number of assignments and still find the time to have fun？”呼应可知，C项“有很多有趣的事情可以做”符合语境。2选A根据文章结构和空处所在位置可知，空处为主题句，通读该段可知，本段主要讲的是大学里朋友间互相帮助的行为，故A项“互相帮助”符合语境。3选E根据本段主题句“Use technologies.”，并结合该段中的“You dont always have to waste time to go to a library when you can find everything online.”可推知，利用网络科技可以解决不同的学习问题，与选项E呼应，故选E项。4选G由与本段主题句“Give yourself a treat.”呼应可推知，选项G符合语境。5选F空处承接上文“For example, if you have a task for an hour, promise yourself to have coffee and biscuits if you manage to do that in time.”，表示犒劳自己是使工作高效的好动机，故选F项。C(2019聊城模拟)Some people put their bicycles away once they learn how to drive a car. For many people, bicycling is not just an easy way of getting around town but also an exciting sport. _1_.One kind of race is the time trial. Each racer leaves the starting line at a different time and heads hard for the finish line. The cyclist who covers the distance in the shortest amount of time wins the race. _2_， because the bicycles are spread out and are not likely to run into each other.Another kind of race is more difficult. A few city blocks are closed to traffic. Then all the racers line up in a tight pack and begin racing at the same time. _3_. The race requires more than speed. It also requires skilful handling of the bicycle as it runs at full speed around other bicycles. The racer who completes all the laps first is the winner._4_. Racers have to cover anywhere from 35 miles to almost 3,000 miles. The race course may be a straight stretch of road or a long series of roads across the country. The prize goes to the first person who crosses the finish line.Between races cyclists stay in good condition by doing exercise that builds up their strength so that they can keep riding for long periods of time. _5_， they often join bicycling groups and become licensed racers. Then they can enter special races all over the country. If youre a cyclist, keep practicing. You could become a star.AAs cyclists become more experiencedBA time trial is a very safe race for beginnersCSerious cyclists often arrange to take part in racesDRoad races are usually the longest cycling contestsEMost people will seize possible chances to get around townFThey cover many laps (一圈), going around and around the city blocksGWhen cyclists still need to build themselves up for those special races语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了几种骑自行车的比赛。1选C根据空处所在的位置可知，该句承上启下；由下文介绍的几种骑自行车比赛可知，C项“热衷骑自行车的人经常筹备参加骑自行车比赛”符合语境。2选B根据空后的“because the bicycles are spread out and are not likely to run into each other”可知，由于自行车是分散的，不太可能互相碰撞；故对于新手来说这种比赛是安全的，故B项正确。3选F根据空处上下文可知，空处承接上文，继续介绍这种难度较大的骑自行车比赛具体的比赛内容，故F项正确。且F项中的“the city blocks”与该段中的“A few city blocks”呼应。4选D根据空后一句“Racers have to cover anywhere from 35 miles to almost 3,000 miles.”可知，参赛者必须骑35英里到近3 000英里的路程；又结合本段第三句的内容可知，D项“道路比赛通常是路程最长的骑自行车比赛”符合语境。5选A根据空后的“they often join bicycling groups and become licensed racers”可知，他们经常参加自行车团体，并成为有执照的参赛者；据此可推知，空处是说当这些骑自行车者越来越有经验时，故A项正确。D(2019镇海中学模拟)Youve no doubt heard “less is more” over and over again. Less is better because it is good for your bank account and your waistline (腰围). But in some areas of our lives, we can benefit from “more” instead of “less”. _1_Give more.If you see something beautiful in someone, say it. Why are you holding back a compliment, a kind word of encouragement or support or some welldeserved praise? Giving is a gift to the giver and receiver._2_ Once you start doing this, people will only want you around more.Support others more.Speaking of encouragement, who could use your support right now? _3_ Someone who is struggling? Reach out! Youll be glad you did._4_When we push back against things we dont want (“I cant believe Catherine copied my clothes again！”), our resistance still holds us close to the thing that hurts us. When we are more accepting of lifes ups and downs, we find peace.Find more role models.Who do you want to be like? Find role models who inspire you. Read about them. Buy their books. Dive into online interviews. _5_A life of richness can be defined in a million ways. And guess what? Its waiting for you to live it as soon as you open yourself up.AAccept more.BGet mental peace.CDo it every single day.DA friend going through a loss or a big change?EHere is how “more” can be a good thing in your life.FLet their success be an example of whats possible for you, too.GMaybe someone who is always the support of you when you are in trouble?语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在生活中，我们能从“更多”中而不是从“更少”中受益。1选E空处承上启下，空前一句是说在我们生活的一些方面，我们能从“更多”而不是“更少”中受益，并结合下文列举的例子可知，E项衔接上下文，符合语境，故选E。2选C空后一句是说一旦你开始这样做，人们就会想让你更多地陪伴在身边，故C项“每天都这样做”符合语境。3选D空前一句是说谈到鼓励，谁可能现在需要你的支持？并结合空后一句可知，D项“一个正经历损失或重大改变的朋友？”符合语境，故选D。4选A根据空处所在位置和文章结构可知，空处为段落小标题，该段主要讲的是在生活中我们要接受更多，故选A。5选F本段主要讲找到更多的榜样，空处前三句是说读有关他们的故事，买关于他们的书，看网上的采访，F项“让他们的成功成为你也可能成功的榜样”符合语境，故选F。阅读七选五行文结构分类练(二)总分总类A(2019杭州模拟)I dont know what that dream that you have is. I dont care how disappointing it might be as youre working toward that dream. But that dream youre holding in your mind is possible. Some of you already know that its hard. Its hard to change your life. In the process of achieving your dreams, _1_.There will be moments when you are going to doubt yourself. Youll say，“Why? Why is this happening to me？” For those of you who have experienced some hardships, dont give up on your dreams._2_， but they will not stay, they will come to pass.Many of you fail to seek your purpose in life. You dream and then follow it up with a list of all the reasons why the dream is unachievable. _3_. Things like these are the true limits you experience in life and they are what you create or what you allow others to lay upon you._4_. Acting on the dream is harder. Recognize that a dream is a journey. On the simplest level, it takes commitment, time and courage. But rarely is something great easily realized. Dreaming is recognizing the potential for greatness and seeking it in all areas of your life. Believe in your dreams and your ability to accomplish them. Im here to challenge you to reach for your dreams. Do not be afraid to dream. _5_！AYour dreams never walk awayBThe rough times are going to comeCYou fill your life with excuses and “I cant”Dyou must spend more time achieving itEDreaming is the easy partFIf you can dream it, you can do itGyou are going to suffer a lot of disappointment, failure and pain语篇解读：本文主要论述了“要勇于心怀梦想，并努力实现梦想”这一主题。1选G根据空前的“Some of you already know that its hard. Its hard to change your life.”可知，有人已经知道了实现梦想、改变生活的困难；据此可以判断，空处具体介绍实现梦想的困难：你将承受失望、失败和痛苦，故G项正确。2选B根据空后的“but they will not stay, they will come to pass”可知，但是，这些困难终将过去；据此可以判断，空处陈述的是与此相反的情况，即会有困难时刻，故B项符合语境。3选C根据空前的“You dream and then follow it up with a list of all the reasons why the dream is unachievable”可知，你把自己无法实现梦想的原因列成了一个清单；据此可以判断，空处说明此举的结果：你的生活充斥着各种借口和“我不能”，故C项正确。4选E根据空处后一句“Acting on the dream is harder.”可知，努力实现梦想更难，空处与该句形成对比；据此可知，空处表示“(设定)梦想是容易的”，故E项正确。5选F根据空处前一句“Do not be afraid to dream.”可知，不要畏惧梦想；据此可以判断，空处应进一步表示要相信自己，你能实现梦想。故F项正确。BOne of my earliest memories was watching my mom talk on our old phone. I was fascinated that she could talk to someone who wasnt actually in the room with her._1_ I was wondering how she managed to talk with someone she couldnt see. _2_ Later, we had mobile phones that could be carried around the room. Then came computers and smart phones. These days I can send an email around the world in a second. My daughters smartphone has a hundred apps and a dozen social media accounts. She stores all of her information in a mysterious place known as “the cloud”， where she can take it out at any time. It seems that we are more connected in this world than ever before._3_ Few take the time to talk face to face. Instead of looking into the eyes of our loved ones, we stare at our screens. It seems as if the most connected generations are also the loneliest.Dont let technology take our time and ruin our life. Make the time to meet, to pray and to communicate with each other. Take a walk on the beach with a friend. Have a long conversation with the phones off and the hearts on. _4_Remember that we are here to love each other, help each other and make this world a better place. _5_ But when it cant, turn it off.AThat was a long time ago.BConnect offline as well as online.CSmart phones have both advantages and disadvantages.DWe should communicate with each other with phones off.EWhen your technology can help to do these things, then use it.FHowever, what bothers me is that we rarely associate with each other nowadays.GWhen she left the room, I slowly walked over to the phone and stared at it for a while.语篇解读：本文作者描述了家中通信工具的变化，指出人们现在很少互相见面交流，并建议人们合理利用科技，创造更美好的生活。1选G根据空处前一句可知，作者对于妈妈能够和一个与她不在同一个房间的人说话感到很好奇，这吸引了作者。故G项“当她离开房间的时候，我慢慢地走到电话那儿并盯着看了一会儿”符合语境，故选G项。2选A根据空后的“Later，we had mobile phones .Then came computers and smart phones. These days I can send an email”可知，作者阐述了随着时间的变化，家中的通信工具也发生了改变。故A项“那是很久之前的事儿了”符合语境，故选A项。3选F根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为段落主题句。根据下文可知，本段主要讲述现在我们很少面对面交流了。故F项“然而，令我感到担心的是，我们现在很少互相交流了”能很好地概括段意，故选F项。4选B根据上文可知，作者认为不能让科技占据我们太多的时间，摧毁我们的生活，我们应该花时间互相见面交流。故B项“既要在网上联系也要在网络之外联系”符合语境，故选B项。5选E空处前一句提到我们来到这个世界是为了相互关爱，相互帮助，使世界变得更美好；后一句提到当科技不能(帮助你)做到这些时，就关掉它。所以空处应表示当科技能够帮助你做到这些时就使用它，故E项符合语境。CHaving a learning disability doesnt mean you cant learn. Learning disabilities happen because of the way a persons brain takes in and processes information. _1_ The trick will be figuring out how you learn best.Learning disabilities arent contagious (接触传染的), but they can be genetic. That means they can be passed down in families through the genes, like many other traits we get from our parents and grandparents. Someone with a learning disability probably has other family members who have some learning troubles, too. Kids with learning problems are sometimes surprised to find out that one of their parents had similar troubles when he or she was in school. _2_Learning experts now know a lot more about the brain and how learning works.Its very hard for a kid to know if he has a learning disability. But kids dont have to figure all this out on their own. _3_ Start with his teacher and his mom or dad.Finding out you have a learning disability can be upsetting. _4_ But the truth is that learning disabilities are pretty common. And if your learning specialist or psychologist has figured out which one youre facing, youre on the right track. Now, you can start getting the help you need to do better in school.To make this special help really work, youll need to practise the new skills youre learning. It may take a lot of efforts every day. _5_ Soon, youll enjoy the results of all your hard work: More fun and success at school!ABut youll need some help and youll need to work extra hard.BWhat a kid needs to do is to tell someone.CThere are people who know how to do just that.DYou might feel different from everyone else.EBut kids today have an advantage over their parents.FAs a result, some people learn differently.GThat can be a challenge, but you can do it.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习障碍的形成原因、会被遗传的性质以及如何克服学习障碍。1选F根据空前一句“Learning disabilities happen because of the way a persons brain takes in and processes information.”可知，大脑领会和加工信息的方式不同导致了学习障碍的形成；据此可以判断，空处介绍学习障碍形成后的结果：一些人使用不同的方式学习。2选E根据空前一句“Kids with learning problems are sometimes surprised to find out that one of their parents had similar troubles when he or she was in school.”可知，有学习障碍的孩子会发现他们的父母中会有一位在上学时有学习障碍；结合下文中的“Learning experts now know a lot more about the brain and how learning works.”可知，现在学习专家已经对大脑和学习的工作原理知道得更多；据此可以判断，空处与上文形成转折，说明现在的孩子会比他们的父母更有优势，故E项符合语境。3选B根据空后一句“Start with his teacher and his mom or dad.”可知，孩子可以从老师和父母那里得知自己是否有学习障碍，据此可知，孩子不需要自己去弄明白自己是否有学习障碍，但他所需要做的是问一下老师和父母，故B项符合语境。4选D根据空前一句“Finding out you have a learning disability can be upsetting.”可知，发现自己有学习障碍是很难受的；据此可以推断，空处应该介绍发现自己有学习障碍后，你会感到自己和他人不一样，故D项符合语境。5选G根据空前一句“It may take a lot of efforts every day.”可知，这种训练每天需要付出很多努力；据此可以判断，那可能是一种挑战，但是你能做到；故G项符合语境。DProtecting your eyesight is one of the most important things you can do to help maintain your quality of life._1_ Consider these simple guidelines：Protect your eyes from harmful UV (紫外线的) light.When you stay outdoors during daytime, always wear sunglasses that protect your eyes from 100 percent of the suns harmful UV rays._2_Look for warning signs of changes in your vision._3_ Some trouble signs to look for are double vision, hazy (模糊的) vision and having difficulty seeing in low light conditions.Other signs and symptoms of potentially serious eye problems that require immediate attention include red eyes, frequent flashes of light, eye pain and swelling._4_ A comprehensive eye exam, including enlarging your pupils (瞳孔), can determine your risk for major eye diseases that have no early warning signs or symptoms.An eye exam also can make sure that your prescription for eyeglasses or contact lenses (隐形眼镜) is up to date._5_ But keeping a healthy lifestyle and having regular eye exams will certainly decrease your risk of developing a sight stealing eye problem that otherwise might have been prevented.AGet your eyes checked at least every two years.BTe