【备战2014】2014高考英语阅读理解精品训练(3)及解析.doc

A In my living room, there is a plaque (匾) that advises me to “Bloom (开花) where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s, when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.Dorothy taught in a school in Harlan County, Kentucky, Appalachian Mountain area. To get to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road winding around the mountain. In the eightmile journey, I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom (忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothys classroom, I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen. The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “dinner” (lunch). In case you dont know, poke greens are a weedtype plant that grows wild, especially on poor ground.Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. Her enthusiasm never cooled down. When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas. Afterward, she invited me to the oneandonly steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph.D. degree. After the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand. She said it was a family heirloom (传家宝), but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things.1“Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph 1 refers to _ A. a program directed by Dorothy B. a course given by the author C. an activity held by the students D. an organization sponsored by Union College2In the journey, the author was most disappointed at seeing _ A. the long track B. the poor houses C. the same train D. the winding road3Upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by _ A. a warm welcome B. the sight of poke greens C. Dorothys latest projects D. a big dinner made for her4What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph? A. She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant. B. She got a pen as a gift from the author. C. She passed the required assessment. D. She received her Ph.D. degree.5What does the author mainly intend to tell us? A. Whatever you do, you must do it carefully. B. Whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment. C. However poor you are, you have the right to education. D. Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement. BIts such a happylooking library, painted yellow, decorated with palmtree stickers and sheltered from the Florida sun by its own roof. About the size of a microwave oven, its pedestrianfriendly, too, waiting for book lovers next to a sidewalk in Palm Beach Country Estates, along the northern boundary of Palm Beach Gardens.Its a library built with love.A year ago, shortly after Janey Henriksen saw a Brian Williams report about the Little Free Library organization, a Wisconsinbased nonprofit that aims to promote literacy and build a sense of community in a neighborhood by making books freely available, she announced to her family of four, “Thats what were going to do for our spring break！”Son Austin, now a 10thgrader, didnt see the point of building a library that resembles a mailbox. But Janey insisted, and husband Peter unwillingly got to work. The 51yearold owner of a ship supply company modified a small wooden house that hed built years earlier for daughter Abbies toy horses, and made a door of glass.After adding the librarys final touches (装点), the family hung a signboard on the front, instructing users to “take a book, return a book，” and making the Henriksen library, now one of several hundred like it nationwide and among more than 2，500 in the world, the only Little Free Library in Palm Beach County.They stocked it with 20 or so books theyd already read, a mix of science fiction, reference titles, novels and kids favorites. “I told them, keep in mind that you might not see it again，” said Janey, a stayathome mom.Since then, the collection keeps replenishing (补充) itself, thanks to ongoing donations from borrowers. The library now gets an average of five visits a day.The projects best payoff, says Peter, are the thankyou notes left behind. “We had no idea in the beginning that it would be so popular.”1In what way is the library “pedestrianfriendly”？ A. It owns a yellow roof. B. It stands near a sidewalk. C. It protects book lovers from the sun. D. It uses palmtree stickers as decorations.2Janey got the idea to build a library from _ A. a visit to Brian Williams B. a spring break with her family C. a book sent by one of her neighbors D. a report on a Wisconsinbased organization3The library was built _ A. by a ship supply company B. on the basis of toy horses C. like a mailbox D. with glass4What can we infer about the signboard? A. It was made by a user of the library. B. It marked a final touch to the library. C. It aimed at making the library last long. D. It indicated the library was a family property.5The passage tells us that the users _ A. donate books to the library B. get paid to collect books for the library C. receive thankyou notes for using the library D. visit the library over 5 times on average daily C The way we do things round here Some years ago，I was hired by an American bank. I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started，“Dear John，I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us.” That “quite” saddened me. I thought he was saying “were kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.”Then I discovered that in American English “quite” sometimes means “very”， while in British English it means “fairly”So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I dont just mean the words people speak. It is body language，dress，manners, ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures (文化)Some of these differences may be only on the surfacedress，food and hours of workwhile others may be deeper and take longer to deal with. Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them, like the climate (气候)，while getting on with business. Some of the differences may be an improvement. People are more polite；the service is better；you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again. However，other differences can be troubling, like punctuality (准时). If you invite people to a party at 7 oclock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in the American Midwest，an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece. I prefer not to use the word “late” because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive. It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country.1. The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought _.A. the American bank didnt think much of himB. the American bank might hire another personC. its difficult to get used to American cultureD. its easy to misunderstand Americans2The underlined word “highlights” in Paragraph 2 probably means _.A. encourages B. helps to narrow C. increases D. draws attention to3According to the author，what should we do with most cultural differences?A. Ask the native people for help.B. Understand and accept them.C. Do things in our own way.D. Do indepth research.4When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are_. A. Italians B. Germans C. Greeks D. the BritishDAs the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating (发电) and transmission (输送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.The 19th century saw land grants (政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the west, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.So tradeoffs will have to be made. Some scenic sports will be sacrificed. Some species (物种) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.The lasting effects of these tradeoffs are another matter. The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.The money set aside in negotiated tradeoffs and the institution that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So lets remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.1What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?A. Small towns along the railways became abandoned. B. Some railroad stops remained underused.C. Land in the West was hard to manage. D. Land grants went into private hands.2What is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs?A. The transmission of power. B. The use of money and power.C. The conservation of solar energy. D. The selection of an ideal place. 3What is the authors attitude towards building solar plants?A. Cautious. B. Approving. C. Doubtful. D. Disapproving.4Which is the best title for the passage?A. How the Railways Have Affected the West B. How Solar Energy Could Reshape the WestC. How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced D. How the Problems of the Highways Have Been SettledE “Mum，what does it mean when someone tells you that they have a skeleton(骨骼) in the closet(衣橱)？” Jessica asked. “A skeleton in the closet？” her mother paused thoughtfully, “Well, its something that you would rather not have anyone else know about. For example, if in the past, someone in Dads family had been arrested for stealing a horse, it would be a skeleton in his familys closet. He really wouldnt want any neighbor to konw about it.”“Why pick on my family？” Jessicas father said with anger. “Your family history isnt so good, you know. Wasnt your greatgreatgrandfather a prisoner who was transported to Australia for his crimes？” “Yes, but people these days say that you are not a real Australian unless your ancestors arrived as prisoners.” “Gosh, sorry I asked. I think I understand now，” Jessica cut in before things grew worse.After dinner, the house was very quiet. Jessicas parents were still quite angry with each other. Her mother was ironing clothes and every now and then she glared at her husband, who hid behind his newspaper pretending to read. When she finished, she gathered the freshly pressed clothes in her arms and walked to Jessicas closet. Just as she opened the door and reached in to hang a skirt, a bony arm stuck out from the dark depths and a bundle of white bones fell to the floor. Jessicas mother sank into a faint(晕倒), waking only when Jessica put a cold, wet cloth on her forehead. She looked up to see the worried faces of her husband and daughter.“What happened? Where am I？” she asked. “You just destroyed the schools skeleton, Mum，” explained Jessica. “I brought it home to help me with my health project. I meant to tell you, but it seemed that as soon as I mentioned skeletons and closets, it caused a problem between you and Dad.” Jessica looked in amazement as her parents began to laugh madly. “Theyre both crazy，” she thought.1According to Jessicas mother, “a skeleton in the closet” means _.Aa family honor Ba family secretCa family story Da family treasure2What can we learn about some Australians ancestors from Paragraph 2?AThey were brought to Australia as prisoners. BThey were the earliest people living in Australia.CThey were involved in some crimes in Australia. DThey were not regarded as criminals in their days.3Jessicas mother fell down into a faint because she was _.Aknocked BfrightenedCinjured Dsurprised4Why did Jessica bring a skeleton home?AShe was curious about it.BShe planned to keep it for fun.CShe needed it for her school task.DShe intended to scare her parents.5Jessicas parents laughed madly at the end of the story probably because _.Athey were crazy Bthey were overexcitedCthey realized their misunderstanding Dthey both thought they had won the quarrel【A篇】 Dorothy在一所条件非常差的学校获得了很大的成功，这说明一个人获得成功与他在什么地方没有直接关系，最重要的是要付出努力。1. B细节理解题。 根据文章第一段第三句可知，Early Childhood Development是作者教的一门课程。2. B细节理解题。 根据文章第二段最后一句的“the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.”可知，又小又破的房子使作者感到最为失望，因此B项正确。3. A细节理解题。 根据文章第三段第一、二句可知，一到Dorothy的教室，作者就受到热烈的欢迎，这使她的忧郁消失了，因此A项正确。4. C推理判断题。 文章最后一段第三句提到Dorothy面试材料准备充分，而此段的“to celebrate her victory”说明Dorothy已经通过了评估测试。5. D主旨大意题。文章通过讲述Dorothy在极其恶劣的环境下获得成功的故事，说明一个人不管在什么地方，只要付出努力就能实现自己的梦想，因此D项正确。【B篇】 文章主要讲述了Janey Henriksen一家建立微型图书馆的故事。1. B细节理解题。 根据文章第一段第二句可知这个特殊的图书馆为过路的人提供借书的方便，因此B项正确。2. D细节理解题。 根据文章第三段第一句可知Janey Henriksen是因为看到一篇关于the Little Free Library organization准备建社区图书馆的报道后受到启发才建这样特殊的图书馆的。3 C细节理解题