实用英语写作PPT课件

实用英语写作网络教程 继续教育学院制作 主讲 戚元方 本课程依据英语过程写作理论 应用英语功能写作法的原理 帮助学生通过网络自主学习 了解文章篇章结构 掌握英语写作方法 激发英语写作兴趣 从而提高英语写作水平 课程教学目的 第二讲阐述性议论文 第三讲对比性议论文 第五讲应用文写作 第四讲图表写作 第一讲解释性议论文 英语写作讲座目录 第六讲论文写作概述 写作 4 第一讲 解释性议论文 主讲 戚元方 一 解释性议论文 解释性议论文一般用于解释和分析社会现象或社会问题 要求考生对某种社会现象产生的原因 重要性及其可能造成的种种影响或应采取的措施或发展趋势进行分析和议论 Paragraph1phenomenon 现象 Paragraph2reasons effects importance 原因 影响 重要性等 Paragraph3suggestions comments trend 措施 看法 趋势等 I Phenomenon 现象 II Reason 原因 III Effect 影响 IV View 观点和看法 V Importance 重要性 VI Suggestion 建议与措施 VII Benefitsanddrawbacks 利弊 VIII Trend 趋势 实用英语写作八大功能 功能写作法 解释性议论文01 Directions Writeanessayonthetopic JobProblemsforCollegeGraduates basedonthefollowingoutlinegiveninChinese 1 目前大学毕业生就业形势比较严峻2 存在这种状况的主要原因3 如何缓解毕业生就业问题 现象 原因 措施 写作题材 贴近学生生活 社会热门话题 解释性议论文 现象 Thejobmarketinourcountryisgettingincreasinglytightoverrecentyears Topicsentence Evidenceasasupportingsentence Asurveyrevealsupto20 ofcollegegraduatesareunabletofindjobswhentheyareleavingschools Whataresomeofthefactorsinvolvedandwhatmeasuresshouldbetakentocopewiththisproblem 50words LanguageNotes Asurveyreveals Statisticsshow Accordingtoarecentcountcopewith dealwith handle tackle WHquestionasapreview Noonewillfailtonoticethefactthat isgettingincreasinglypopular prevalent inoursocietyoverrecentyears Thelastdecadehaswitnessedtheboomofadulteducationinourcountry Nothingismoreseriousthantheyouthunemploymentproblematpresentinoursociety Asaproductofmoderntechnology Internetisnowwidelyusedindifferentfieldsofourcountry 英语中表示现象的句型 what when where Acoupleoffactors bothindividualandsocial accountfortheemploymentproblem Theexpansionofcollegeenrollmentresultsintheoversupplyofgraduatesincertainmajors Anotherreasonisrelatedtothestudents attitudestowardsemployment Consequently thecompetitioninthesecities jobmarketsbecomesmoreintense 66words Topicsentence Reason2 Supportingsentencetoreason2 Comment Manygraduatesputearningsandworkingconditionsaboveanythingelse Theyaimatwell paidpositionsinlargecorporationsinbigcities 解释性议论文 原因 Reason1 英语中表示原因的句型 1 Thisphenomenoncanbeaccountedfor explained byacoupleoffactors bothinheritedandenvironmental Foronething Foranother Aboveall 2 Thischange preference argument problem view increase canbeexplained accountedfor byacoupleoffactors First Besides Moreover 3 Thereasonsbehindthisphenomenonarecomplexbutgenerallytheycanbesummarizedintothree Tobeginwith Next Lastbutnotleast Tosolvetheyouthunemploymentproblemneedstimeanddedication greatimportancetothisproblemandcreatemorejobopportunitiesbyinjectingmorefundsintothejobmarket Forthegraduates theyshouldtakeaproperattitudetowardstheemploymentbyneitheroverestimatingnorunderestimatingthemselves 52words Forthegovernment theyshouldattach Suggestion1tosupporttopicsentence Suggestion2tosupporttopicsentence 解释性议论 措施 Topicsentence 1 Reversingthistrendneedstimeanddedication Onewayweshouldtakeintoaccountis Anotherwaytobeconsideredis Thebestwayto is 2 Promptmeasures steps action shouldbetakentodealwith copewith handle tackle thisproblem First Second Finally 3 Itisduetimeforustomakejoint all round effortstocopewith Inaddition Moreover 英语中表示措施的句型 Directions Writeanessayentitled AFeverforCivilServants basedonthefollowingoutlinegiveninChinesewithnolessthan150words 很多大学生热衷于考公务员分析其原因3 我对此现象的看法 Phenomenon reasons view 解释性议论文02 现象 原因 观点 看法 isstrikinglyhighwithoverdoubleeveryyear Thisessayistodiscusswhystudentsstrivetojointheranksofcivilservantsandoffermyviewonthisfever Thelastdecadehasseenaremarkablegrowthinthenumberofcollegestudentswhoenterforthequalificationtestforcivilservants Statisticsshowthegrowingnumber 解释性议论文 现象 Topic evidence preview satisfactory Thisisvitalinasocietywherebucksarestillcloselyassociatedwithabetterlife Mostimportantofall itoffersappealingprospectsofpersonaladvancementandpromotion Thefactorsforthisfeverarecomplex First thepostforacivilservantiscomparativelysecurerthanworkinginacompany Agovernmentemployeemaystayinthejobforlife freeofthefearofbeinglaidoff andenjoyacarefreeretiredlife Besides thepayandbenefitsarevery 解释性议论文 原因 Itisahealthytrendforyounggraduatestotakecivilservantjobs Anyway everyonehashisownidealandambition However asfarasI mconcerned Iwillchoosetoworkwithabusiness orcorporation forIfeelmypersonalityrendersmemorequalifiedforanon governmentorganization Ican tstandinefficiency andIwelcomechallengeandvariety 解释性议论文 观点 1 Itismyownpersonalviewthateducationhasitspriority 2 Personally theadvantagesof faroutweighitsdisadvantages3 ThereisnodenyingthattheInternetisanintegralpartofmodernsociety4 Itisgenerally widely well believed accepted acknowledged that 5 Reversingthistrendneedstimeanddedication 6 Onlyinthiswaycanweensurethat 7 Throughjointefforts theconditionof willbeimproved8 Therefore itiswellworthtimeandefforts 英语中表示观点的句型 Directions Writeashortessayentitled HelpIndoorsmenandIndoorswomenoutoftheirHouses basedonthefollowingoutlinesgiveninChinesewithnolessthan150words 1 现在年轻人中有不少宅男宅女2 产生这种现象的主要原因3 如何帮助这些年轻人走出他们的住宅 现象 原因 措施 解释性议论文03 1 Noonewillfailtonoticethefactthatnowadaystherearequiteafewindoorsmenandindoorswomenamongyoungpeopleespeciallyinbigcities 2 Acharacteristicofsuchpeopleisthattheyspendlotsoftimeathomewithfewsocialconnections 3 Thisessayistodiscusssomeofthefactorsinvolvedandthehelpwecanoffertogetthosepeopleoutoftheirhouses 67words 解释性议论文 现象 1 Phenomenon2 evidence3 preview 1 Theemergenceofindoorsmenandwomeninoursocietycanbeexplainedbyacoupleoffactors bothinheritedandenvironmental 2 Foronething someofthemarequiteintrovertedandprefertoisolatethemselvesbystayingathomeratherthanparticipateinsocialcommunication 3 Foranother only childpolicymakesthemaccustomedtobeingalone 4 Alltheseleadtotheproductionofmanyindoorsmenandwomeninpresentsociety 69words 1 Tment 解释性议论文 原因 Changingthissituationneedstimeandefforts 2 Onewayweshouldtakeintoaccountistoeducatethoseyoungpeopletobeawareoftheimportanceofsocialconnection 3 Anotherwaytobeconsideredisthatoursocietyshouldcreateagoodenvironmentforthemtobeinvolvedinsocialactivities 4 Thebestwaytohelpthesepeoplereliesonthemselves Itisnotothers hopebuttheirwillingnessthatcounts 5 Onlyinthiswaycanwereallyexposetheseyoungpeopletooursociety 84words 1 Tment 英语功能写作法 措施 Directions Writeacompositionentitled CultivateStudents Creativity withnolessthan150wordsbasedonthefollowingoutlinegiveninChinese 1 当前不少大学生缺乏创新精神2 创新思维的重要性3 如何培养大学生创新精神 解释性议论文04 1 现象 2 重要性 3 措施 Duetolong termpassiveeducation quiteafewcollegestudentslackcreativity Acharacteristicofsuchpatternisthatobeyingteachers instructionsisencouragedandrewardedwhilecherishingone sowndifferentideasisthoughttobenaiveanddepressed Thisessayistodiscusstheimportanceofcreativityandactionweshouldtaketohandlethisproblem 57words 解释性议论文 现象 Theimportanceofcollegestudents creativitycannotbeoverstated Creativityisasourceofinspiration Withoutit itisalmostimpossibleforustoseesomanyinnovationsshownintheWorldExpoShanghai Creativityisalsoaproblem solvingmethod Whatwouldhavehappenedifourcountryhadnotundergoneeconomicreform Thepooreconomicconditionofournationmighthavepersistedforsometime robbingfamiliesoftheirchanceatprosperityandhappiness Thereforecreativityalwayshasitspriority 80words 解释性议论文 重要性 英语中表示重要性的句型 Theimportance significanceofcreativitycannotbeoverstated Inthefirstplace Inthesecondplace Moreover 2 Nothingismoreimportant significantthanthecultivationofstudents creativity Itcontributesto Inaddition itcultivates What smore itgivesimpetusto 3 Creativityhasitspriority Foronething Foranother Aboveall 4 Thecultivationofstudents creativitycountsmorethananythingelse Take forexample Besides Whatismostimportantis Wehaveenteredaknowledge basedage Onlythosewhohaveinnovativelearninghabitsandbreak new groundspiritarelikelytomeetthechallengeofthenewage Itishightimetotakeeffectivemeasurestostrengthenyoungpeople screativespirit Schoolsshouldbuildabetterenvironmentforstudentstodeveloptheircreativemind Youngpeoplethemselvesshouldadjusttheirmindsandfollowtheexamplesofthosepeopleinhistoryorarounduswhoachievetheirsuccessunderthestimulationofinnovativespirit Inaword itisanurgentthingfortoday syoungpeopletoenhancetheircreativity 98words 解释性议论文 措施01写法 解释性议论文 措施02写法 1 Creativityiscrucialtoanation sprogress sonoeffortsshouldbesparedtofosterstudents creativity 2 Onewayweshouldtakeintoaccountisthatschoolsshouldbuildabetterenvironmenttoencourageinnovativespirit 3 Anotherwaytobeconsideredisthatparentsshouldbetoleranttothewaytheirkidsthinkanddo 4 Thebestwaytoencouragecreativitydependsonstudentsthemselvessinceitisnotthewayothersthinkbutthementalitytheyholdthatcounts 5 Therefore throughjointefforts students creativespiritwillbegreatlyenhanced 91words Directions Writeanessayentitled HelpStudentsoutofOnlineGames basedonthefollowingoutlinegiveninChinesewithnolessthan150words 1 当前一些大学生沉迷于网路游戏2 这一现象产生的后果3 如何帮助学生摆脱沉迷于网路游戏 现象 后果 措施 解释性议论文05 AsaproductofmoderncomputerandtheInternet onlinegameshavenowbecomeverypopularwithcollegestudents Aninvestigationrevealsthatmanystudentsspendhoursadayonthegamesregardlessoftheprecioustimetheyshouldspendontheirstudy Thisisharmfulnotonlytotheirhealthbutalsototheirfuturedevelopment 57words 解释性议论文 现象 Beingindulgedinonlinegameshashadfar rangingeffects Thereareobvioushealthrisksassociatedwiththisaddictionsuchasbeingshort sightedordiseasewithinactivelifestyle Besidesithasnegativeeffectsnotonlyontheirpresentstudybutalsoontheirfuturelifesinceagameisagameanditwillnotbenefittheirfutureacademicaccomplishment 59words 解释性议论文 影响 英语中表示影响的句型 1 Thenegative positive effectsof lieinseveralways Toindividuals Tosociety 2 Thebeneficial harmful effectsof areobvious Firstly Secondly Whatisworseis Afurtherresearchinto revealsitssideeffects Inthefirstplace Inthesecondplace Besides Toreversethistrendneedstimeandefforts Strictsupervisionshouldbeimposedonthoseaddictedgameplayers However itismyownpersonalviewthatpreventionisbetterthancureandsoagoodeducationprogramaboutthedangersofbeingindulgedtoonlinegamesisoneofthemostimportantstepsanyschoolauthoritiesshouldtake 58words 解释性议论文 措施 MoneyManagement Directions Writeanessayonthetopic HowDoIManageMyMoney basedonthefollowingoutlinegiveninChinesewithnolessthan150words 1 学生进大学面临的一个紧迫问题就是如何理财2 谈谈我是如何理财的 现象 措施 解释性议论文06 moneymanagement Ihavemyownwayindoingso 33words Oneofthechallengesfacingcollegestudentswhentheyentercollegeishowtomanagetheirmoney Althoughtherearemanydifferentattitudestowards 解释性议论文 现象 generalstatement thesisstatement tomakeupthedifference Occasionally Icanwinthescholarshiptosupplementmyincomebyhardwork Tobemoneywise firstofall istofocusonthesupplyofmymoney Asidefromthelimitedlivingallowancesfrommyparents Isometimesdopart timejobsasahometutorinmysparetime 解释性议论文 措施01 Tobeeconomicalondailyexpensesisanotherwaytomanagemymoney Asasayinggoes Apennysaved apennygained SoINeverbuy extravagantproductsforIknowmakingmoneyisnotapieceofcake 解释性议论文 措施02 Thebestwaytomanagemymoneyistomakeabudget Ispend500yuanonfood 150yuanforentertainmentorstudymaterials 50yuanonphonebillsandanother100yuanasabankdepositincaseofrainydays IamneverrunningoutofmoneyandIcanalwaysmakeendsmeet 解释性议论文 措施03 1 动词谓语的时态 例1a Wecollegestudentsgenerallyhadenoughtimetodoresearchwork nomatterhowbusywewere b Wecollegestudentsgenerallyhaveenoughtimetodoresearchwork nomatterhowbusyweare 命题作文一般都是议论文 而写议论文一般都是用现在时态 只有举例 提到过去的事才会用到过去时 例2a TherearesomanypeopleintheworldwhouseEnglishthatithadbeenregardedasaninternationallanguage b TherearesomanypeopleintheworldwhouseEnglishthatithasbeenregardedasaninternationallanguage 在论述同一事情 即发生在同一时间里的事时 前后半句或相邻的几句在时态上要保持一致 常见写作语法和逻辑错误 2 主语和谓语 名词和代词 以及人称是否保持一致 例1a TheeatinghabitofmanyChinesepeoplehavechangedinthepastdecade b TheeatinghabitofmanyChinesepeoplehaschangedinthepastdecade 不管主语和谓语隔开多远 主语有多少修饰成分 谓语要和真正的主语在数上保持一致 例2a Nowfruitsandvegetablescanbeseeneverywherewhenitisinseason b Nowfruitsandvegetablescanbeseeneverywherewhentheyareinseason 例3a Ifeelproudtocometoouruniversity b Ifeelproudtocometothisuniversityour和主语不一致 或把our改成my 或改成this 而这里用this较妥 3 修饰语的正确位置 例1a WithoutInternet peoplecan tgetinformationwhichcomesfromotherpartsoftheworldimmediately b WithoutInternet peoplecan timmediatelygetinformationwhichcomesfromotherpartsoftheworld immediately显然放错了位置 是 得到迅速从各地传来的消息 还是 迅速得到从各地传来的消息 意思含糊不清 例2a Attheageofsix mymotherbegantoteachmeEnglish b WhenIwassixyearsold mymotherbegantoteachmeEnglish Attheageofsix放在这个位置上 变成了 我母亲六岁的时候 例3a Toimproveone swritingskill regularpracticeisnecessary b Toimproveone swritingskill onemustmakeregularpract