2018_2019学年高考英语一轮复习Firstaid讲义新人教版.docx

Unit 5 First aid一、刷黑板.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1bleed vi.& vt.流血2ankle n. 踝(关节)3choke vi.& vt. (使)噎住；(使)窒息4cupboard n. 橱柜；衣柜5ray n. 光线；射线6liquid n. 液体 第二屏听写7radiation n辐射；射线8pan n. 平底锅；盘子9stove n. 炉子；火炉10tissue n. (生物)组织；薄的织物；手巾纸11swollen adj. 肿胀的12scissors n(pl.) 剪刀 第三屏听写13basin n盆；盆地14bandage n. 绷带15kettle n. (水)壶；罐16wrist n. 手腕17sleeve n. 袖子18blouse n. 女衬衫19throat n. 咽喉；喉咙 第四屏听写.高频词汇(汉译英)1aid n& vt.帮助；援助；资助2temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的3injury n. 损伤；伤害4skin n. 皮；皮肤5organ n. 器官6barrier n. 屏障；障碍(物) 第五屏听写7poison n毒药；毒害vt. 毒害；使中毒8complex adj. 复杂的9variety n. 变化；多样(化)；多变(性)10mild adj. 轻微的；温和的；温柔的11mildly adv. 轻微地；温和地 第六屏听写12unbearable adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的13squeeze vt.& vi. 榨；挤；压榨14vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的15symptom n. 症状；征兆16pour vt.& vi. 倒；灌；注；涌17damp adj. 潮湿的18tight adj. 牢的；紧的；紧密的 第七屏听写19tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地20firm adj. (动作)稳定有力的；坚定的21firmly adv. 坚固地；稳定地22ceremony n. 典礼；仪式；礼节23bravery n. 勇敢；勇气24treat vt.& vi. 治疗；对待；款待n. 款待；招待 第八屏听写25apply vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi. 申请；请求；使用；有效26pressure n. 压力；挤压；压迫(感)27ambulance n. 救护车28swell vi.& vt. (使)膨胀；隆起29first_aid (对伤患者的)急救30fall_ill 生病 第九屏听写31electric_shock触电；电休克32squeeze_out 榨出；挤出33over_and_over_again 反复；多次34in_place 在适当的位置；适当35a_number_of 若干；许多36put_ones_hands_on 找到37make_a_difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 二、刷清单(一)核心单词阅读单词1.bleed vi.& vt.(bled, bled)流血2ankle n. 踝(关节)3choke vi.& vt. (使)噎住；(使)窒息4cupboard n. 橱柜；衣柜5ray n. 光线；射线6liquid n. 液体7.radiation n辐射；射线8pan n. 平底锅；盘子9stove n. 炉子；火炉10tissue n(生物)组织；薄的织物；手巾纸11swollen adj. 肿胀的12scissors n(pl.) 剪刀13.basin n盆；盆地14bandage n. 绷带15kettle n. (水)壶；罐16wrist n. 手腕17sleeve n. 袖子18blouse n. 女衬衫19throat n. 咽喉；喉咙表达单词1.aid n&vt.帮助；援助；资助2temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的3barrier n. 屏障；障碍(物)4unbearable adj. 难以忍受的；不能容忍的5squeeze vt.&vi. 榨；挤；压榨6vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的7symptom n. 症状；征兆8pour vt.&vi. 倒；灌；注；涌9apply vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi. 申请；请求；使用；有效10pressure n. 压力；挤压；压迫(感)11complex adj. 复杂的12ceremony n. 典礼；仪式；礼节13damp adj. 潮湿的14skin n. 皮；皮肤语境活用1As everybody knows, cancer doesnt show any symptoms (症状) in its early stages.2Cut the lemon in half and squeeze (榨；挤) the juice out into the bowl.3The skin, whose functions are very complex, is our bodys largest organ which acts as a barrier (屏障) against disease and the suns harmful rays. 4One of the station staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid (援助)5The nurse applied pressure (压力) to his arm to stop the bleeding.6We find such rudeness quite unbearable (难以忍受的)7It was vital (至关重要的) to show that he was not afraid.8He applied (申请) to be sent to the northwest of China.拓展单词1.tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地2firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地3bravery n勇敢；勇气brave adj.勇敢的；有勇气的bravely adv.勇敢地4treat vt.&vi.治疗；对待；款待n.款待；招待treatment n治疗；疗法；对待；待遇5variety n变化；多样(化)；多变(性)various adj.各种各样的vary v改变；使多样化6mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的mildly adv.轻微地；温和地7injury n损伤；伤害injure vt.损伤；伤害；使受伤injured adj.受伤的；有伤的8poison n毒药；毒害vt.毒害；使中毒poisonous adj.有毒的9swell vi.&vt.(使)膨胀；隆起swollen adj.肿胀的语境活用1He said mildly (mild) to me that he didnt mean to upset me. 2The burning plastic gave off poisonous (poison) gas, which is harmful to our health.3I firmly (firm) believe that the more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.4The people in the flooded area fought bravely against the natural disaster. Their bravery deserved to be praised.(brave)5We like to live a life full of variety and mens tastes are various.(vary)6People had to treat themselves in their own way before they received the treatment sent by the government.(treat)7Tom got badly injured in the car accident. The injury to his leg was really serious.(injury)8His face was swollen (swell) with toothache so I advised him to see a dentist before it got worse.(二)常用短语写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.first_aid(对伤患者的)急救2fall_ill 生病3make_a_difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用4squeeze_out 榨出；挤出5over_and_over_again 反复；多次6in_place 在适当的位置；适当7prevent_.from_. 阻止8put_ones_hands_on 找到9take_off 起飞；流行；脱下；(事业)腾飞10act_as 担任；充当11electric_shock 触电；电休克1.Arriving in London, she suddenly fell_ill because she couldnt bear the changeable weather. 2The professor always urges us that everything should be put in_place before we leave the lab.3Im sure that our hard work can make_a_difference and everything will be OK.4Ive told you over_and_over_again not to do that but you wont listen.5My writing career took_off when I discovered my own style.6Hannah was busy with work then but she still tried her best to squeeze_out some time from her tight schedule to visit her mother.(三)经典句式原句背诵句式解构佳句仿写1. it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.正是皮肤让你感到冷热和疼痛，皮肤还使你有触觉。where在句中引导表语从句，表示“的地方”，相当于the place where，在表语从句中作地点状语。他想去巴黎，但我更喜欢去伦敦，那就是我们的分歧所在。He wants to go to Paris, but I want to go to London; thats_where_we_differ. 2.Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉，如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。if necessary“如果有必要的话”为省略句，补全后为：if it is necessary。如果有必要的话，我将亲自去那儿一趟。If_necessary,_Ill go there myself. 3.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然他听到了尖叫声。be doing .when .“正在做这时突然”。我们正在讨论问题，这时停电了。We were_discussing_the_problem_when there was a power cut.4.There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slades life.毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能，挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。There is no doubt that .“毫无疑问”，其中的that引导同位语从句。毫无疑问，那里的孩子极需要关爱和帮助。There_is_no_doubt_that children there are badly in need of care and help. (四)初中考点再回顾高频考查类记熟文化差异类辨清易忘易错类勤览1.thin adj.薄的2twice_a_week 每周两次3work_on 从事4the marks of . 的印痕 5the standards of . 的标准6walk into 撞到1.drive sb. mad/crazy使某人发狂/发疯2get mad 大动肝火3be thirsty for 渴望；渴求4have a point 有道理5in line with 和成一排6keep ones cool 沉住气1.specially adv.专门的；特别的2especially adv. 尤其；特别3fridge n. 冰箱4sound like 听起来像5look like 看起来像6boarding school 寄宿学校一、过重点单词1aid n& vt.帮助；援助；资助教材原句First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。(1)do/offer/give/perform/carry out first aid to sb.对某人进行急救with the aid of sb.with sb.s aid在某人的帮助下in aid of 为了援助；支持go/come to ones aid 去/来援助某人apply for aid 申请支援(2)aid sb. in (doing) sth. 在某方面帮助某人aid sb. with sth. 以某事/物帮助某人aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事多角练透单句语法填空I aid the poor girl in continuing her study.They were accused of aiding him to_escape (escape)He aids the poor with money.单句改错With aid of opening the door, they fixed a handle in it.WithInI couldnt speak any French, but a nice man came my aid and told me where to go.came后加to补全句子With_the_aid_of_our_English_teacher,_we have made great progress this term.在我们英语老师的帮助下，这学期我们取得了很大的进步。2vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的教材原句If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.如果是二度或者三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。be vital for/to sth.对极为重要It is vital that .(should) do sth. 是十分重要的It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要多角练透单句语法填空Enough sleep is vital for/to the students wellbeing and health.As far as Im concerned, it is vital to_keep (keep) accurate records.单句写作如果我们要想在生活中发挥作用，重要的一点就是我们应该从小事开始。(2014湖北高考短文写作)If we are to make a difference in life, its vital that we (should)_begin_with_small_things.3treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待n.款待；招待 教材原句John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slades hands.约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。(1)treat sb. as .把某人当看待treat sth. seriously 认真对待某事/物treat sb./oneself to 用款待某人/自己(2)Its my treat. 我请客。多角练透单句语法填空Men and women must be_treated (treat) equally in education and employment.Drink driving should be treated as a crime regardless of whether the driver causes a crash.单句改错Ill treat you for lunch at the restaurant in front of our school.fortoTreat the earth serious, for it is not given to you by your parents but lent to you by your children.seriousseriously4apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用；脚踩 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效教材原句He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.他按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。练牢基点写出下列句中apply的含义You may apply in person or by letter; either will be OK.申请At last he applied a little wax polish (蜡油) on the leg.涂；敷The dog lying on the road, he applied his brake quickly.脚踩The new discovery may be applied in medicine.应用；运用系统考点(1)apply . to .把运用到中； 把涂到上apply oneself to 致力于；集中精力于apply to . 适应/适用apply (to .) for . (向)申请(2)applicant n. 申请人application n. 申请；申请书；适用练通重点单句语法填空If the constitution said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to her.Over the years, he has applied himself to improving (improve) the living conditions of the migrant workers. 单句写作我写信是想申请学生志愿者这个职位。(2015陕西高考书面表达)Im writing to_apply_for_the_position as a student volunteer. .单句语法填空1We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in no case should theory be separated from practice.2If you try and lift that heavy suitcase, you will do yourself an injury.3As everyone can see, education is vital to/for the countrys future.4We are treating Mom to dinner for her birthday.5With the aid of a compass the traveler can find the land.句型转换/一句多译1If you apply yourself to the job in hand, youll soon finish it. Applying_yourself_to_the_job_in_hand,_youll_soon_finish_it.(现在分词短语作状语)2有各种各样的方法来处理这些问题。There are various ways of dealing with such matters.There are a_variety_of ways of dealing with such matters.There are varieties_of ways of dealing with such matters.3我的教授帮助我继续做研究。My professor aided me to_continue my research.My professor aided me in continuing my research.二、过短语、句式1in place在适当的位置；适当教材原句Hold the bandage in place with tape.用胶布把绷带固定。(1)out of place不在适当位置；不合适in place of 代替；取代in the first place 首先；第一(2)take place 发生take ones place 就座；代替take the place of 代替；取代多角练透用in place/out of place填空Youd better put things back in_place. Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things.Some of these books are out_of_place,_making the whole room messy.句型转换We want another girl in place of her.We want another girl to take_the_place_of her.单句写作首先，我把散落在屋子里的所有书、报纸和其他东西收拾起来，并把它们放在适当的位置。(2013陕西高考书面表达)Firstly I collected all the books, newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put_them_in_place.2make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用教材原句It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。(1)make a difference to对有作用/有影响make some/no/little difference (to .) (对)有些/没作用或影响(2)tell the difference (between . and .) 辨别/区分(与)多角练透单句语法填空His words make no difference to him, for he is quite stubborn.Does it make any/a difference whether she will come to our party? The twins are so alike; its difficult to tell the difference between them.单句写作我不仅不会到处丢垃圾吐痰，而且无论何时都会帮忙清理路边的垃圾。我希望我的行为能起到作用。(2013安徽高考书面表达)Not only will I keep from littering or spitting anywhere, but I will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible. I hope my_behavior_will_make_a_difference.3be doing .when .John was_studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然他听到了尖叫声。 be doing .when .“正在做这时突然”，when 为并列连词，表示“这时；突然”，相当于and then/and at that time。Last Monday, I was_walking (walk) in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. 上周一，我正在街上散步，这时突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。be about to do .when . 正要做这时突然be on the point of doing .when . 正要做这时突然had just done .when . 刚做完这时突然I was about to give up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.(2014福建高考书面表达)I was_on_the_point_of_giving_up_when my best friend encouraged me to go on.我正要放弃这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。I had_just_finished my exam paper when the bell rang.我刚做完试卷，下课铃就响了。.单句语法填空1In the first place, I think it very important to make more friends abroad.2Some students often pour out their trouble to our teachers.3As is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.4We have a lot in common; that is where we can cooperate.5They had_covered (cover) three miles when they realized they had left their IDs at home.单句改错1Dont take anything away. Mother likes everything to be in the place.去掉the2A few kind words at the right time make difference.difference前加a3She was thinking about the problem then Tom patted her.thenwhen4He read every book he could put his hand on.handhands5It was in 1993 when I graduated from the university.whenthat6She had good knowledge of English when she was in the university.had后加a.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子1(2014陕西高考满分作文)众所周知，我们学校在英语教学方面非常独特。(as引导的定语从句)As_is_known_to_all,_our school is unique in English teaching and studying for all the students.2反复练习它直到你记住。(over and over again)Practice_it_over_and_over_again until you remember it.3只有我们知道过低碳生活在日常生活中做什么，我们才能有所不同。(make a difference)Only if we know what we do in our daily life and live a lowcarbon life can_we_make_a_difference.4如果我们能做到如上所述，毫无疑问，我们就能精通英语。(there is no doubt that)If we can do as mentioned above, there_is_no_doubt_that_we_can_master_English.5(2014湖北高考短文写作)我去书店的路上，在一个十字路口等绿灯，这时一个大约十岁的女孩被一辆驶过的车撞倒了。 (be doing . when .)I was on my way to the bookstore and was_waiting_for_the_green_light_at_a_crossing_when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car.三、过语法、写作(一)单元小语法省略.用省略形式补全句子1You should have given me a ring before you left.I_meant_to (我打算给你打电话), but I was in a hurry that time.2Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.I_wont (我不会忘的)3You seem to have lost your way. Need_help (需要帮助吗)?Im looking for the nearest post office.4The flowers his friend gave him will die unless_watered_every_day (除非每天浇水)5Would you like to join me for a quick lunch before class?Id_like_to (我愿意去), but I promised Nancy to go out with her.6Present at their wedding were about 300 guests, many_more_than_expected (比预想的要多许多)7It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. If_so (如果这样的话), wed better take it to the garage immediately.8I listen to English every day over the radio.Sounds_interesting (听起来很有趣).将下列句子改写成省略句1The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful.The_burn_she_got_from_the_iron_was_red_and_very_painful.2Just take a short break if you are tired.Just_take_a_short_break_if_tired.3Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most of the students havent done a first aid course.Only_some_of_the_students_have_done_a_first_aid_course_but_most_havent.4Who do you suggest should be sent to work there?Who_do_you_suggest_be_sent_to_work_there?5She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone.She_stood_at_the_gate_as_if_waiting_for_someone.(二)课堂微写作练缩写让语言更凝练题目要求在日常生活中懂得一些基本的急救知识是非常重要的，这或许会挽救一个人的生命。请把下面作文缩写成100词左右的文章，阐述急救的重要性。注意保留加黑部分。It is important to know how to give first aid, particularly in lifethreatening situations.Examples of these are choking, excessive (过多) bleeding, drowning, poisoning and the stopping of ones breath or heartbeat. First aid is what a person can do to a wounded or sick person, or on any immediate situation that involves lifethreatening matters, before the doctor arrives.The aims of first aid are：to keep the person alive.This counts for lifethreatening and immediate situations; to stabilize the condition of the person, and lastly, to relieve any pain, discomfort and most importantly, anxiety.Ideally, a first aider is someone who has attended classes on emergency care and has undergone first aid training.But not all of us have the opportunity to receive such training because of our individual work and activities.Almost all of us will have to administer emergency assistance at some point.And if so, we would have to use a first aid kit (急救箱). This is why it is always advised that every home should have a first aid supply, because an emergency knocks on the most unexpected time.答案示例It is important to know how to give first aid, which is what a person can do to a wounded or sick person, or on any immediate situation before the doctor arrives. The aims of first aid are: to keep the person alive; to stabilize the condition of the person, and to relieve any pain, discomfort and most importantly, anxiety.Almost all of us will have to administer emergency assistance at some point. This is why it is always advised that every home should have a first aid supply, because an emergency knocks on the most unexpected time.阅读理解AMost buildings are built to stand up straight, but these look as if they might fall over!The church tower of SuurhusenBuilt in 1450, the 27metrehigh church tower lies in Suurhusen, Germany. It was built in wet land on foundations of oak tree t